{"title":"Ex Vivo Evaluation of the Fit of Matched Gutta Percha Points in Human Root Canals Prepared With the Corresponding Nickel-Titanium Files.","authors":"Samuel Deng, Paul V Abbott","doi":"10.1111/aej.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the fit of matched gutta-percha (GP) points in tooth root canals after preparation with their corresponding rotary files. Single canal human tooth roots were matched according to root canal volume and eccentricity. Forty-five roots were divided into three experimental groups (n = 15) and sequentially prepared with either SybronEndo TF Adaptive SM2, ProTaper Next X2 or ProTaper Ultimate F2 files to working length. The corresponding GP points were placed into the prepared root canals without cement and scanned with micro-computed tomographic imaging. The unfilled volume and unfilled areas at 1, 3, 5 and 7 mm from working length were evaluated. Over one-third of the root canal space remained unfilled in all groups. There was no significant difference between unfilled areas measured at the different distances. Unprepared and unfilled spaces remained in root canals after preparation with rotary files when filled with the corresponding GP points.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unleashing the Future of Endodontics: Exploring the Potential Role of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Risk Stratification and Decision-Making in Endodontics.","authors":"Mohammed Turky, Paul M H Dummer","doi":"10.1111/aej.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.70010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accuracy of Apex Locator Integrated Endomotors in Estimating Working Length in the Presence of Endodontic Irrigants: An Ex Vivo Study.","authors":"Kavalipurapu Venkata Teja, Kaligotla Apoorva Vasundhara, Pradeep Solete, Giampiero Rossi-Fedele","doi":"10.1111/aej.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate working length determination is crucial for root canal treatment. This ex vivo study evaluated the accuracy of a standalone apex locator (Root ZX Mini) and two integrated apex locator-endomotors (EnDrive and X-Smart Pro+) under different intracanal conditions. Seventy-two extracted single-rooted mandibular premolars were decoronated and standardised. The actual canal length (AML) was determined microscopically, and electronic working lengths (EWL) obtained. Measurements were taken after canal patency and drying with paper points or following irrigation with saline, sodium hypochlorite, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. All devices and intracanal conditions exhibited negative deviations, with EWLs shorter than AML, ranging from -0.15 to -0.50 mm, thus remaining within clinically acceptable limits. Significant differences were observed among devices and canal contents (p < 0.05), with EnDrive showing the least deviation, particularly in the presence of sodium hypochlorite. These findings support the reliability of integrated apex locator-endomotors, though measurement accuracy may be affected by irrigant type.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reattachment or Restoration? Fracture Resistance of Uncomplicated Crown Fractures Using Various Intermediate Materials.","authors":"Soner Sismanoglu, Vasfiye Isik","doi":"10.1111/aej.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of different bonding materials used in fragment reattachment for uncomplicated crown fractures, compared to direct composite resin restoration. Sixty human maxillary incisors were divided into five groups (n = 12): G1, control; G2, direct composite resin; G3, flowable composite; G4, preheated composite; G5, self-adhesive resin cement. After simulated fractures and thermocycling, fracture resistance was tested using a universal machine. Data were analysed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). G1 showed the highest resistance (75.7 ± 10.5 MPa); G2 the lowest (44.7 ± 7.9 MPa). G4 and G5 showed significantly higher resistance than G2 (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found amongst G3-G5 (p > 0.05). Preheated composite and self-adhesive resin cement demonstrated improved fracture resistance compared to direct composite resin. Appropriate material selection may enhance the long-term performance of fragment reattachment in uncomplicated crown fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kailiang Tang, Xiaole Zhang, Qibao Wang, Xinyu Zhao, Xijiao Yu, Yi Du
{"title":"Accurately Defining the Location and Dimension of the Bony Lid Under the Guidance of Dynamic Navigation: Report on Three Cases.","authors":"Kailiang Tang, Xiaole Zhang, Qibao Wang, Xinyu Zhao, Xijiao Yu, Yi Du","doi":"10.1111/aej.12972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The bony lid technique can be a highly valuable procedure when facing surgical challenges, such as the presence of a thick, intact cortical plate, associated with large periapical lesions in posterior teeth. The critical task of accurately defining the location and dimension of the bony lid is a clinical concern that demands careful consideration. This case report, through three cases, illustrates the application of dynamic navigation in guiding the determination of point positions and osteotomy angles on the buccal bone plate. Postoperative complications were not observed during the examination. Dynamic Navigation Systems (DNS) can aid in the planning of surgical approaches in large lesion cases with an intact thick buccal plate, enabling accurate access to the lesion site. The utilisation of DNS in the bony lid technique is a reliable and clinically feasible method for clinicians in complex surgical processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elisa Korte Fortes Gollo, Fábio de Almeida Gomes, Katerine Jahnecke Pilownic, Daiana Elisabeth Böttcher, Carolina Clasen Vieira, Fernanda Geraldo Pappen
{"title":"Fracture Risk of Endodontic Files: Clinical Analysis of Reciproc and X1 Blue After Multiple Uses.","authors":"Elisa Korte Fortes Gollo, Fábio de Almeida Gomes, Katerine Jahnecke Pilownic, Daiana Elisabeth Böttcher, Carolina Clasen Vieira, Fernanda Geraldo Pappen","doi":"10.1111/aej.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study assessed the fracture incidence of Reciproc R25 and X1 Blue 25.06 files after up to three uses in 1720 root canals (1620 teeth) treated by a specialist. A standardised protocol was followed for all procedures. Periapical radiographs with the fractured instrument were used to evaluate the fragment's location and size and to determine the root curvature's angle. Data included fracture site (apical, middle, coronal) and management (removal, bypass or retention). Files were inspected post-use; non-deformed ones were sterilised and reused. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using STATA 14. Among 1317 canals treated with R25 and 403 with X1 Blue, six fractures occurred: four R25 (0.3%) and two X1 Blue (0.5%). Four fractures were in molars, all in the apical third. Two fragments were bypassed, one removed, and three retained. Results indicate low fracture rates for both file systems, even with repeated use in primary treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Healing and Skeletal Development Outcomes of a Complex Case Involving Complicated Crown-Root Fracture and Luxation Injuries With a 4-Year Follow-Up.","authors":"Haojie Yu, Fan Yang, Xiaoxia Li, Mengxin Tian, Yaoqiong Wang, Haihua Zhu, Fudong Zhu","doi":"10.1111/aej.12969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The management of complicated crown-root fractures of immature permanent teeth requires a multidisciplinary approach to address biological, functional, and aesthetic concerns. A 10-year-old boy suffered a complicated crown-root fracture of tooth 11, an uncomplicated crown fracture, subluxation and pulp necrosis of tooth 21 and subluxation of tooth 22 after falling from a bicycle. The treatment for tooth 11 involved maintaining pulp vitality with partial pulpotomy and re-attachment of the crown-root fragment after modified crown-lengthening surgery. Treatment for tooth 21 included a flexible splint, root canal therapy, placement of an apical barrier and resin composite restoration. During the 4-year follow-up, the root of tooth 11 fully developed, and the patient remained asymptomatic and achieved an aesthetically acceptable outcome. Conservative partial pulpotomy followed by adhesive reattachment of the tooth fragment with the modified crown lengthening technique can be a viable treatment for complicated crown-root fractures in immature permanent teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Larissa Nunes Rosa Bedene, Denise Piotto Leonardi, Joana Santana Couto, Bruno Marques-da-Silva, Marilisa Carneiro Leão Gabardo, João Arnando Brancher, Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho
{"title":"Assessment of Postoperative Pain After Single- or Multiple-Visit Endodontic Therapy and Its Molecular Aspects: A Randomised Controlled Study.","authors":"Larissa Nunes Rosa Bedene, Denise Piotto Leonardi, Joana Santana Couto, Bruno Marques-da-Silva, Marilisa Carneiro Leão Gabardo, João Arnando Brancher, Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho","doi":"10.1111/aej.12982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to compare patients' perception of postoperative pain following single- and multiple-visit endodontic therapy, and to evaluate associations between anxiety and genetic polymorphisms in the DRD2, ANKK1 and COMT genes. In this clinical trial, 67 patients were included in the first phase (34 single visit, 33 multiple visits), and 25 participated in the second phase. Saliva was collected for genetic analysis, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was applied preoperatively. Postoperative pain (presence and intensity) was recorded at 24, 48 and 72 h. The number of visits was not associated with postoperative pain (p = 0.806); pain intensity was highest at 24 h in both groups (p < 0.001). Moderate anxiety was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with pain in single- and multiple-visit. A genetic association was observed between the COMT rs174675 polymorphism and the outcome (p = 0.018), with greater pain reported by individuals with the CT genotype. (#RBR-47ngbg3).</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Root Canal Treatment in Alleviating Endodontic Pain-Induced Asymmetry and Restoring Muscle Balance: A Self-Controlled Prospective Observational Study.","authors":"Kübra Gürler, İmran Güner Akgül, Hazal Duyan Yüksel, Selen Nihal Sisli","doi":"10.1111/aej.12979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate whether root canal treatment (RCT) restores muscle symmetry by measuring the thickness of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles using ultrasonography. A self-controlled prospective observational study was conducted with patients experiencing moderate-to-severe endodontic pain and masticatory laterality. Ultrasonographic measurements of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles were taken at rest and during contraction before RCT, 1 week after treatment and 3 months post-treatment. An asymmetry index was calculated to evaluate changes in muscle thickness over time. Significant increases in masseter muscle thickness were observed on the painful side, both at rest and during contraction, while the control side showed a significant increase only during contraction. No statistically significant changes were observed in anterior temporalis muscle thickness, although a similar trend was noted. The asymmetry indices decreased significantly over time, approaching zero by the third month. RCT effectively reduces muscle asymmetry caused by endodontic pain, restoring balanced masticatory function. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06853028.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brenda P F A Gomes, Ana B S Lopes, Emelly Aveiro, Lidiane M Louzada, Ederaldo P Godoi-Junior, Pedro I G Fagundes, Esdras G Alves-Silva, Antônio A L Moura-Filho, Rodrigo Arruda-Vasconcelos, Juliana D Bronzato
{"title":"Effectiveness of the iVac System Compared to Conventional Irrigation and Ultrasonic Activation in Reducing Microbial Biofilm, Lipopolysaccharides and Apical Extrusion.","authors":"Brenda P F A Gomes, Ana B S Lopes, Emelly Aveiro, Lidiane M Louzada, Ederaldo P Godoi-Junior, Pedro I G Fagundes, Esdras G Alves-Silva, Antônio A L Moura-Filho, Rodrigo Arruda-Vasconcelos, Juliana D Bronzato","doi":"10.1111/aej.12973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This in vitro study evaluated the effectiveness of irrigation techniques (IT)-conventional irrigation (CI), ultrasonic activation (UA), and iVac system (IA)- using 2.5% NaOCl and saline in reducing Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans in root canals and intratubular dentine. It also assessed the reduction of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and apical extrusion. Lower premolar roots were contaminated and divided based on IT and irrigants, with saline as control. Microbiological and LPS samples were collected before and after IT. The apical extrusion volume was determined. Results showed that when NaOCl was used, there was no statistical difference between the ITs regarding CFU reduction and between UA and IA regarding LPS reduction. When saline was used, IA was the most effective technique in reducing CFU and LPS. Regarding apical extrusion, IA caused the lowest irrigant extrusion. In conclusion, IA reduced the levels of LPS, microorganisms and apical extrusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}