Attention Perception & Psychophysics最新文献_第7页

An early effect of the parafoveal preview on post-saccadic processing of English words. 视网膜旁预览对英语单词后累积加工的早期影响。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02916-4

David Melcher, Ani Alaberkyan, Chrysi Anastasaki, Xiaoyi Liu, Michele Deodato, Gianluca Marsicano, Diogo Almeida

{"title":"An early effect of the parafoveal preview on post-saccadic processing of English words.","authors":"David Melcher, Ani Alaberkyan, Chrysi Anastasaki, Xiaoyi Liu, Michele Deodato, Gianluca Marsicano, Diogo Almeida","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02916-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-024-02916-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A key aspect of efficient visual processing is to use current and previous information to make predictions about what we will see next. In natural viewing, and when looking at words, there is typically an indication of forthcoming visual information from extrafoveal areas of the visual field before we make an eye movement to an object or word of interest. This \"preview effect\" has been studied for many years in the word reading literature and, more recently, in object perception. Here, we integrated methods from word recognition and object perception to investigate the timing of the preview on neural measures of word recognition. Through a combined use of EEG and eye-tracking, a group of multilingual participants took part in a gaze-contingent, single-shot saccade experiment in which words appeared in their parafoveal visual field. In valid preview trials, the same word was presented during the preview and after the saccade, while in the invalid condition, the saccade target was a number string that turned into a word during the saccade. As hypothesized, the valid preview greatly reduced the fixation-related evoked response. Interestingly, multivariate decoding analyses revealed much earlier preview effects than previously reported for words, and individual decoding performance correlated with participant reading scores. These results demonstrate that a parafoveal preview can influence relatively early aspects of post-saccadic word processing and help to resolve some discrepancies between the word and object literatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141494378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retrospective attention: The effects on time perception 回溯注意：对时间感知的影响

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02918-2

Fuminori Ono

引用次数: 0

Correction to: The differential impact of face distractors on visual working memory across encoding and delay stages 更正：不同编码和延迟阶段人脸分心物对视觉工作记忆的不同影响

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02912-8

Chaoxiong Ye, Qianru Xu, Zhihu Pan, Qi‑Yang Nie, Qiang Liu

引用次数: 0

Proactive reward in conflict tasks: Does it only enhance general performance or also modulate conflict effects? 冲突任务中的主动奖励：它只能提高一般表现，还是也能调节冲突效果？

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02896-5

Linda C. Bräutigam, Hartmut Leuthold, Ian G. Mackenzie, Victor Mittelstädt

{"title":"Proactive reward in conflict tasks: Does it only enhance general performance or also modulate conflict effects?","authors":"Linda C. Bräutigam, Hartmut Leuthold, Ian G. Mackenzie, Victor Mittelstädt","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02896-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02896-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, we investigated the influence of performance-contingent reward prospects on task performance across three visual conflict tasks with manual responses (Experiments 1 & 2: Simon and Stroop tasks; Experiment 3: Simon and Eriksen flanker task) using block-wise (Experiment 1) and trial-wise (Experiments 2 & 3) manipulations to signal the possibility of reward. Across all experiments, task performance (in reaction time and/or error rates) generally improved in reward compared with no-reward conditions in each conflict task. However, there was, if any, little evidence that the reward manipulation modulated the size of the mean conflict effects, and there was also no evidence for conflict-specific effects of reward when controlling for time-varying fluctuations in conflict processing via distributional analyses (delta plots). Thus, the results provide no evidence for conflict-specific accounts and instead favor performance-general accounts, where reward anticipation leads to overall performance improvements without affecting conflict effects. We discuss possible implications for how proactive control might modulate the interplay between target- and distractor-processing in conflict tasks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11410886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The resolution of proactive interference in a novel visual working memory task: A behavioral and pupillometric study 新型视觉工作记忆任务中主动干扰的解决：行为和瞳孔测量研究

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02888-5

Jamie Donenfeld, Erik Blaser, Zsuzsa Kaldy

{"title":"The resolution of proactive interference in a novel visual working memory task: A behavioral and pupillometric study","authors":"Jamie Donenfeld, Erik Blaser, Zsuzsa Kaldy","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02888-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02888-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Proactive interference (PI) occurs when previously learned information impairs memory for more recently learned information. Most PI studies have employed verbal stimuli, while the role of PI in visual working memory (VWM) has had relatively little attention. In the verbal domain, Johansson and colleagues (2018) found that pupil diameter – a real-time neurophysiological index of cognitive effort – reflects the accumulation and resolution of PI. Here we use a novel, naturalistic paradigm to test the behavioral and pupillary correlates of PI resolution for <i>what-was-where</i> item-location bindings in VWM. Importantly, in our paradigm, trials (<i>PI</i> vs. <i>no-PI</i> condition) are mixed in a block, and participants are naïve to the condition until they are tested. This design sidesteps concerns about differences in encoding strategies or <i>generalized</i> effort differences between conditions. Across three experiments (<i>N</i> = 122 total) we assessed PI’s effect on VWM and whether PI resolution during memory retrieval is associated with greater cognitive effort (as indexed by the phasic, task-evoked pupil response). We found strong support for PI’s detrimental effect on VWM (even with our spatially distributed stimuli), but no consistent link between interference resolution and effort during memory retrieval (this, even though the pupil <i>was</i> a reliable indicator that higher-performing individuals tried harder during memory <i>encoding</i>). We speculate that when explicit strategies are minimized, and PI resolution relies primarily on implicit processing, the effect may not be sufficient to trigger a robust pupillometric response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phonological neighbors cooperate during spoken-sentence processing: Evidence from a nonword detection task 在口语-句子处理过程中，音素邻近词相互配合：来自非词检测任务的证据

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02913-7

Sophie Dufour, Colas Fournet, Jonathan Mirault, Jonathan Grainger

{"title":"Phonological neighbors cooperate during spoken-sentence processing: Evidence from a nonword detection task","authors":"Sophie Dufour, Colas Fournet, Jonathan Mirault, Jonathan Grainger","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02913-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02913-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We used a novel nonword detection task to examine the lexical competition principle postulated in most models of spoken word recognition. To do so, in Experiment 1 we presented sequences of spoken words with half of the sequences containing a nonword, and the target nonword (i.e., press a response key whenever you detect a nonword in the sequence) could either be phonologically related (a phonological neighbor) or unrelated to the immediately preceding word. We reasoned that the reactivation of a phonological neighbor during target nonword processing should delay the moment at which a nonword decision can be made. Contrary to our hypothesis, participants were faster at detecting nonwords when they were preceded by a phonological neighbor compared with an unrelated word. In Experiment 2, an inhibitory effect of phonological relatedness on nonword decisions was observed in a classic priming situation using the same set of related and unrelated word-nonword pairs. We discuss the implications of these findings in regard to the main models of spoken word recognition, and conclude that our specific experimental set-up with phonological neighbors embedded in spoken sentences is more sensitive to cooperative interactions between co-activated sublexical representations than lexical competition between co-activated lexical representations, with the latter being modulated by whether or not the words compete for the same slot in time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Audiovisual perception of interrupted speech by nonnative listeners 非母语听众对中断语音的视听感知。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02909-3

Jing Yang, Naveen K. Nagaraj, Beula M. Magimairaj

{"title":"Audiovisual perception of interrupted speech by nonnative listeners","authors":"Jing Yang, Naveen K. Nagaraj, Beula M. Magimairaj","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02909-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02909-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of visual cues in audiovisual perception of interrupted speech by nonnative English listeners and to identify the role of working memory, long-term memory retrieval, and vocabulary knowledge in audiovisual perception by nonnative listeners. The participants included 31 Mandarin-speaking English learners between 19 and 41 years of age. The perceptual stimuli were noise-filled periodically interrupted AzBio and QuickSIN sentences with or without visual cues that showed a male speaker uttering the sentences. In addition to sentence recognition, the listeners completed a semantic fluency task, verbal (operation span) and visuospatial (symmetry span) working memory tasks, and two vocabulary knowledge tests (Vocabulary Level Test and Lexical Test for Advanced Learners of English). The results revealed significantly better speech recognition in the audio-visual condition than the audio-only condition, but the magnitude of visual benefit was substantially attenuated for sentences that had limited semantic context. The listeners’ vocabulary size in English played a key role in the restoration of missing speech information and audiovisual integration in the perception of interrupted speech. Meanwhile, the listeners’ verbal working memory capacity played an important role in audiovisual integration especially for the difficult stimuli with limited semantic context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the relationship between spatial attention and semantics in the context of a Stroop paradigm 在 Stroop 范式下空间注意力与语义之间的关系。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02911-9

Derek Besner, Torin Young

{"title":"On the relationship between spatial attention and semantics in the context of a Stroop paradigm","authors":"Derek Besner, Torin Young","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02911-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02911-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A controversial issue in the literature on single word reading concerns whether semantic activation from a printed word can be stopped. Several reports have claimed that, even when attention is directed to a single letter in a word, <i>semantic</i> interference persists full blown in the context of variants of Stroop’s paradigm. Incidental word recognition is thus claimed to be unaffected by directed spatial attention and hence to be automatic by this criterion. In contrast, the literature examining the relation between intentional visual word recognition and spatial attention in tasks like lexical decision and reading aloud suggests that spatial attention is a necessary preliminary to lexical/semantic processing of a word. These opposing conclusions raise the question of whether there is a qualitative difference between incidental and intentional visual word recognition when spatial attention is considered. We first consider the methodology from Stroop experiments in which putatively narrowed spatial attention manipulations failed to prevent interference from semantics. We then report a new experiment that better promotes focused spatial attention. The results yield clear evidence that the effect of semantic activation can indeed be sidelined because one or more prior processes were in large measure stopped. We conclude that incidental word recognition is not automatic in the sense of occurring without any kind of attention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Repulsion bias is insensitive to spatial attention, yet expands during active working memory maintenance 排斥偏差对空间注意力不敏感，但在积极的工作记忆维持过程中会扩大。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02910-w

Mengdan Sun, Yaxin Huang, Haojiang Ying

{"title":"Repulsion bias is insensitive to spatial attention, yet expands during active working memory maintenance","authors":"Mengdan Sun, Yaxin Huang, Haojiang Ying","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02910-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02910-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Our brain sometimes represents visual information in a biased manner. Multiple visual features presented simultaneously or sequentially may interact with each other when we perceive them or maintain them in visual working memory (WM), giving rise to <i>report bias</i>. How goal-directed attention influences target representation is not fully understood, especially concerning whether attention towards distractors modulates report bias for the target. Our study investigated the WM biases of the target when it is concurrent with (1) one attended distractor only, (2) one unattended distractor only, and (3) both kinds of distractors during perception. It was found that the target WM is reported as being repelled away from concurrent distractors, attended or unattended, suggesting attention is not necessary for the occurrence of repulsion bias during perception. Furthermore, goal-directed attention towards the distractors modulates the strength of interitem interaction, and the repulsion bias was found to be stronger when attention was directed toward the distractor than when it was not. However, the exaggerated repulsion associated with the attended distractor is likely due to increased relevance to the memory task and (or) WM load instead of spatial attention. In contrast, spatial attention towards the distractor increases the chances of misreporting the distractor for the target.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The interplay between spatial and non-spatial grouping cues over approximate number perception 空间和非空间分组线索对近似数感知的相互作用。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02908-4

Andrea Adriano, Lorenzo Ciccione

{"title":"The interplay between spatial and non-spatial grouping cues over approximate number perception","authors":"Andrea Adriano, Lorenzo Ciccione","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02908-4","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02908-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Humans and animals share the cognitive ability to quickly extract approximate number information from sets. Main psychophysical models suggest that visual approximate numerosity relies on segmented units, which can be affected by Gestalt rules. Indeed, arrays containing <i>spatial</i> grouping cues, such as connectedness, closure, and even symmetry, are underestimated compared to ungrouped arrays with equal low-level features. Recent evidence suggests that <i>non-spatial</i> cues, such as color-similarity, also trigger numerosity underestimation. However, in natural vision, several grouping cues may coexist in the scene. Notably, conjunction of grouping cues (color and closure) reduces perceived numerosity following an additive rule. To test whether the conjunction-effect holds for other Gestalt cues, we investigated the effect of <i>connectedness</i> and <i>symmetry</i> over numerosity perception both in isolation and, critically, in conjunction with <i>luminance similarity</i>. Participants performed a comparison-task between a reference and a test stimulus varying in numerosity. In Experiment 1, test stimuli contained two isolated groupings (connectedness or luminance), a conjunction (connectedness and luminance), and a neutral condition (no groupings). Results show that point of subjective equality was higher in both isolated grouping conditions compared to the neutral condition. Furthermore, in the conjunction condition, the biases from isolated grouping cues added linearly, resulting in a numerosity underestimation equal to the sum of the isolated biases. In Experiment 2 we found that conjunction of symmetry and luminance followed the same additive rule. These findings strongly suggest that <i>both</i> spatial and non-spatial isolated cues affect numerosity perception. Crucially, we show that their conjunction effect extends to symmetry and connectedness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141302146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0