Attention Perception & Psychophysics最新文献

{"title":"On the precision of timing during joint rushing.","authors":"Stefano Uccelli","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03358-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-026-03358-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When individuals synchronize their movements during joint actions, they systematically accelerate the prescribed tempo: the so-called joint rushing phenomenon. While research has focused on the resulting drift in accuracy, it remains unexplored whether interpersonal synchronization also affects precision of timing. Pooling together 110 participants from three independent finger-tapping experiments, this study addresses this gap by analyzing the Weber fraction, the standard deviation of the tapping errors relative to interval duration, by comparing Solo and Joint synchronization in sub-second durations. The results revealed that joint synchronization causes a dramatic, duration-scaled degradation of accuracy (rushing), yet imposes only a small, roughly duration-independent cost on precision, whose non-linear profile across durations was overall preserved in both conditions. This pattern suggests that interpersonal synchronization largely affects period correction while overall preserving phase correction, a distinction relevant to current theoretical models of temporal coordination in social behavior. OPEN PRACTICES STATEMENT: The raw data and the analysis codes are available via the Open Science Framework at: https://osf.io/jxs3d/overview . The experiments were not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149277387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual attention: Defining the origin of the current terms of engagement.","authors":"Geoffrey F Woodman","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03354-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-026-03354-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our environment bombards the mind with far more visual information than can be processed. Because of this overload of information, our minds focus on only a subset of the visual inputs that land on our retinas. The visual attention mechanisms of the brain select which inputs we process to the level of awareness, store in memory, and act upon. Here I provide an overview of the topics, tasks, and methods that researchers have developed to study visual attention and conclude by discussing continuing controversies. Finally, weaknesses in our understanding of the brain's limited capacity ability to process visual information are identified as potential targets for future study.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149277398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shared variance across FrACT visual tasks: Robust positive associations but inconclusive latent structure","authors":"Francesco Carabba,&nbsp;Eric Altieri,&nbsp;Andrea Ghiani,&nbsp;Marianna Musa,&nbsp;Edoardo Rosengart,&nbsp;Marcello Maniglia,&nbsp;Luca Battaglini","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03353-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03353-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A long-standing question in vision science is whether individual differences in visual performance reflect a general visual ability or a set of largely task-specific processes. Previous studies have often reported weak associations across heterogeneous perceptual tasks, challenging the idea of a common visual factor. Here, we asked whether shared variance becomes more evident when visual tasks are conceptually and procedurally similar. One hundred fifty-eight adults completed eight low-level acuity and hyperacuity paradigms implemented in FrACT₁₀: single letter, Landolt C, tumbling E, row of optotypes, flanking rings, frame ring, Vernier two-line, and Vernier three-line tasks. After outlier exclusion, analyses were conducted on 132 participants. Within-session test–retest reliability was moderate for most tasks. Pairwise correlations revealed a broad positive manifold: all correlations were positive, 27 of 28 survived false-discovery-rate correction, and Bayesian analyses provided strong evidence for nonzero associations in most task pairs. However, association strength depended strongly on task similarity, with robust correlations among optotype-based tasks and weaker links between optotype and Vernier paradigms. Exploratory factor analyses indicated substantial shared covariance but failed to support a stable latent structure: A one-factor model fit poorly, whereas two-factor and three-factor solutions produced improper estimates. These findings support an intermediate account of visual individual differences. Visual performance is neither fully independent across tasks nor reducible to a strong general visual factor; instead, commonality appears partial, task-dependent, and shaped by the composition of the task battery.</p><p>The data, data dictionary, analysis code, and rendered analysis reports that support the findings of this study are available on OSF (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/AKSN3). The study materials are described in the Method section and are based on FrACT₁₀. This study was not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149222737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensemble averaging of symbolic numbers: Criterion mean judgments beat heuristics","authors":"Daniel Fitousi,&nbsp;Hadar Srulovich","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03338-0","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03338-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Can observers compute an ensemble mean from <i>symbolic</i> numbers, or is averaging-like performance driven by heuristic shortcuts? We addressed this question using a criterion-based design that yields clear predictions for mean-based integration. In two experiments, participants viewed a <span>(2times 2)</span> array of four Arabic digits and decided, while timed, whether the <i>arithmetic mean</i> of the set was smaller or larger than 5. In Experiment 1 (<span>(N=40)</span>), accuracy and response time showed a robust ensemble-distance effect: decisions were slowest and least accurate when the set mean was closest to 5 and improved monotonically with mean distance. Item-level model comparisons further indicated that mean distance explained behavior better than prominent heuristic alternatives based on the most extreme digit or the majority of digits above versus below the criterion, and within-set dispersion produced an additional, independent impairment. Experiment 2 (<span>(N=40)</span>) provided a stronger diagnostic test by constructing stimulus regimes that rendered heuristic cues uninformative (majority ties) or misleading (extreme-item conflict) while matching mean distance and dispersion across regimes. Across regimes, model comparisons again favored mean distance for both accuracy and response time. Critically, the distance effect persisted when majority information carried no diagnostic value and when the most extreme digit favored the incorrect response. These results support genuine mean-based integration of symbolic magnitudes, while showing that heuristic strategies have only a secondary role apparent only under increased uncertainty.</p><p>Data and stimuli can be found here https://osf.io/xnq92, and none of the experiments was preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can bilingual readers process language membership of multiple words in parallel?","authors":"Aybora Koc,&nbsp;Agnesa Xheladini,&nbsp;Mathieu Declerck","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03334-4","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03334-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We examined whether bilingual readers can extract language membership information from multiple words at once. Dutch–English bilinguals completed a lexical decision task in a flankers paradigm, with viewing times manipulated either to constrain (50 ms) or allow (170 ms) sequential reading. The findings revealed reliable congruency effects (i.e., slower on the central target word when the flankers were presented in a different language than when they were presented in the same language) in 170 ms, but this effect disappeared when the stimulus was presented for 50 ms. The pattern indicates limited parallel extraction of language membership information across multiple words.</p><p>The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in OSF (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/MX2NU). The stimuli, trial-level data for both experiments, and the analysis code are provided in this repository link. The study was not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating stimulus-processing time via position slopes in visual search","authors":"Talke Michaelsen,&nbsp;Markus Janczyk,&nbsp;Heinrich R. Liesefeld","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03325-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03325-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Existing approaches to measure the time needed to process a single stimulus have confounded the measure with other time-consuming processes, such as initiation of the response, and neglect the massively parallel processing abilities of the visual system. Conversely, traditional set-size manipulations in visual search yield flawed estimates of stimulus-processing time, mainly because the number of actually processed stimuli is typically unknown. We have recently developed the <i>systematic-search paradigm</i>, a visual-search paradigm that overcomes this limitation and potentially provides a valid measure of stimulus-processing time. Its core idea is to bring the order of search under experimental control, so that the number of processed stimuli is determined by the position of the target on the current trial. We then extract the slope of the linear function relating target position (and therefore the number of processed stimuli) to response times. With this approach, all extraneous processing times are relegated to the intercept of the function. The present study provides a further validation of this slope-measure by showing that it reflects the complexity of the visual stimuli (Exp. 1), but is robust against changes in the complexity of the response (Exp. 2). All raw data, analysis code, preregistrations, and research materials are available online (https://osf.io/42mxh/).</p><p>In both experiments, we report how we determined our sample size, all data exclusions (if any), all manipulations, and all measures in the study. The experiments’ designs and analyses were preregistered. All trial-level raw data, analysis code, preregistrations and research materials are available online (https://osf.io/42mxh/). Direct links to the preregistrations are https://osf.io/tbk8s/ (Exp. 1) and https://osf.io/va98q/ (Exp. 2).</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13414-026-03325-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dimensional asymmetries in social attention: Dynamic head movements elicit opposite attentional biases in vertical versus horizontal dimensions","authors":"Felix J. Götz,&nbsp;Paul M. Heineck,&nbsp;Anne Böckler,&nbsp;Andreas B. Eder","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03351-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03351-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>When observing a person with direct gaze but a horizontally averted head posture, attention often shifts opposite to head direction (overshoot effect). We investigated whether this effect generalizes to vertical head movements and whether it depends on gaze direction information. Across four experiments, centrally presented faces shifted dynamically to averted head positions before a target appeared at a location congruent or incongruent with head direction. Vertical head movements (Experiments 1 and 2) produced head-congruency effects, which were stronger when the eyes were closed. In contrast, horizontal head movements (Experiments 3 and 4) produced classic overshoot effects, which surprisingly were amplified when the eyes were closed. Thus, direct gaze attenuated head-cueing effects but did not alter their direction. Overall, these findings reveal dimensional asymmetries in social attention and demonstrate that gaze-head integration considers spatial context. Implications for hierarchical, holistic, and predictive cue-integration accounts are discussed.</p><p>All four experiments were preregistered on the Open Science Framework (OSF; Experiment 1: https://osf.io/qds4x; Experiment 2: https://osf.io/d6rwe; Experiment 3: https://osf.io/xe9a6; Experiment 4: https://osf.io/3pq49). Materials, experimental scripts, stimuli, raw data, and analysis scripts underlying the reported results are publicly available at https://osf.io/aq7zf/ and https://osf.io/j96fx/</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13414-026-03351-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Object speed and distractor number affect performance but not attentional allocation in multiple object tracking","authors":"N. Adamian,&nbsp;F. Akalan,&nbsp;S. K.Andersen","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03343-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03343-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Keeping track of multiple moving objects across dynamic real-world scenarios such as driving, team sports, or crowded social environments is a fundamental challenge for visual attention. We have previously demonstrated that as the number of tracked objects increases, the strength of attentional facilitation allocated to each individual object decreases, limiting tracking success. It is also well established that beyond the number of tracked objects, faster-moving objects and objects embedded amongst higher numbers of distractors are more difficult to track. Are these effects on tracking difficulty also mediated by less effective allocation of attention to tracked targets as in the case of tracking more targets? If so, one should expect the strength of attentional modulation to drop systematically with increasing speed and total number of moving stimuli. In two experiments (total <i>n</i> = 70), participants were instructed to track moving targets amongst identical distractors while we manipulated object speed (Experiment 1) and number (Experiment 2). As expected, tracking performance declined with both manipulations. However, steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) recorded during successful tracking revealed that attentional enhancement of tracked targets compared with distractors did not drop with increasing speed or object number. In summary, bottom-up changes in the stimulus display and top-down attentional manipulations affect tracking performance in independent ways, with the balance between strength of attentional allocation and bottom-up demands of the task determining successful tracking. The allocation of attention itself seems to be determined exclusively by top-down goals rather than being reactive to bottom-up display characteristics.</p><p>Keeping track of multiple moving objects is fundamental to navigating dynamic real-world scenarios. This ability is accomplished through multifocal attentional selection, which weakens as the number of tracked targets increases. This study asks whether other stimulus manipulations increase tracking difficulty by diluting attentional allocation. Using steady-state visual evoked potentials to measure selective attention during tracking, we demonstrate that both increases in speed and distractor number impair performance, but they do not affect attentional enhancement of targets relative to distractors. This suggests that top-down attentional control operates independently from bottom-up demands.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The temporal dynamics of semantic guidance in scenes","authors":"Taylor R. Hayes,&nbsp;John M. Henderson","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03347-z","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03347-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>When viewing a complex scene, the visual system must decide where to look among many potential targets. How this selection process unfolds over time—and whether it reflects changing semantic priorities—remains poorly understood. We tracked eye movements of 100 participants viewing 100 real-world scenes and modeled four distinct semantic features at each location: similarity to the scene category, similarity to other objects, similarity to the most recently fixated object, and local semantic intensity. Complementary Bayesian models of fixation likelihood and fixation onset time revealed that each feature follows a distinct temporal trajectory. Scene-category similarity and semantic intensity strongly predicted early fixations but weakened over time, consistent with rapid gist-derived guidance. Preference for semantically distinctive objects remained stable throughout viewing. Similarity to the previously fixated object showed a temporal reversal: relative to each scanpath’s own baseline, semantically related regions were under-selected early and over-selected later. These dynamics were robust to controls for central viewing bias and distance to the previous fixation, ruling out purely spatial or oculomotor explanations. Together, these patterns suggest a shift from information maximization early in viewing, when attention prioritizes novel, non-redundant semantic content, to conceptual integration later, when attention is increasingly directed to semantically related elements. Rather than discrete processing stages, multiple semantic processes appear to operate in parallel with shifting weights over time, revealing how stored knowledge is associated with attention in complex scenes.</p><p>The scene stimuli, fixation data, semantic feature maps, fitted model outputs, and analysis code for reproducing all results are available on the Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/7uspw. This study was not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Goal-directed action modulates audiovisual multisensory perception","authors":"Tristan Loria,&nbsp;Kanji Tanaka,&nbsp;Joëlle Hajj,&nbsp;Katsumi Watanabe,&nbsp;Luc Tremblay","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03337-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03337-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multisensory integration is often thought to occur automatically when sensory cues are spatially and temporally congruent. However, emerging evidence suggests that integration is dynamically shaped by attention, task demands, and action. The present study investigated whether unimodal visual, bimodal congruent (i.e., audiovisual), and bimodal incongruent (i.e., sound-induced flash illusion) perception was modulated by the spatial proximity between a cue and a target location (Experiment 1) and by the actual execution of a goal-directed action (Experiment 2). Participants performed pointing movements toward visual targets while unimodal, bimodal, and sound-induced flash illusion stimuli (i.e., fission and fusion) were presented either at the target location or at adjacent non-target locations. Upon completion of the action, participants reported how many flashes they perceived (i.e., perceptual accuracy). Experiment 1 revealed a spatial gradient in perceptual accuracy, as evidenced by higher bimodal accuracy at target versus non-target close and far locations. Fusion illusion susceptibility was higher (i.e., lower accuracy) at the target versus non-target close (i.e., higher accuracy) condition. In Experiment 2, the modulation of multisensory perception at the target location was observed only during movement versus a no-movement condition. Consistent with neurophysiological evidence suggesting distinct underlying mechanisms, only the fusion illusion was sensitive to spatial and motoric modulation, while the fission illusion remained stable across both experiments. These findings demonstrate that multisensory perception is not uniformly distributed across space or action state but instead may be modulated at behaviorally relevant locations during voluntary actions.</p><p>The raw data used to generate the conclusions of this work will be made available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author, at tristan.loria@wsu.edu. A reasonable request should identify the purpose for which the data will be used and specify the data or variables being requested. Requests for purposes such as verification or reproduction of the reported findings, secondary scientific analyses, methodological evaluation, or other legitimate research or educational uses will generally be considered reasonable. Data sharing will be subject to applicable ethical, privacy, participant-consent, and institutional requirements, and data will be de-identified as appropriate prior to sharing.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149129243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}