Attention Perception & Psychophysics最新文献_第2页

Enhancing change perception through object-based attention. 通过基于对象的注意增强变化感知。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-025-03086-7

Tong Xie, Shimin Fu

{"title":"Enhancing change perception through object-based attention.","authors":"Tong Xie, Shimin Fu","doi":"10.3758/s13414-025-03086-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-025-03086-7","url":null,"abstract":"Change perception refers to the sensitivity in perceiving changes, yet its modulation by objects has been less studied. To address this question, the gap-contingent technique was employed in the double-rectangle paradigm, with two rectangles briefly inserted between the pre-changed and post-changed stimuli. The changed items could either occur in the same rectangle (within condition) or across two rectangles (between condition). In Experiment 1, participants showed faster response times (RTs) when changes occurred within the same object compared to when changes occurred across different objects, indicating an object-based attention (OBA) effect. In the following experiments, factors such as the number of changes (Experiment 2), RT limit (Experiment 3), task difficulty (Experiment 4), and task relevance of the objects (Experiment 5) were considered, and the OBA effect was consistently observed across experiments. Additionally, the drift-diffusion model revealed faster information accumulation when changes occurred within the same object, providing further evidence for the object-based enhancement of change perception. In conclusion, the present study suggested that changes occurring within the same object are perceived better, highlighting the role of object-based attention in enhancing perceptual sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Task-irrelevant abrupt onsets differentially impact value-related orienting and maintenance. 与任务无关的突然发作对价值相关的定向和维护有不同的影响。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-025-03078-7

Carly Chak, Emily Machniak, Barry Giesbrecht

{"title":"Task-irrelevant abrupt onsets differentially impact value-related orienting and maintenance.","authors":"Carly Chak, Emily Machniak, Barry Giesbrecht","doi":"10.3758/s13414-025-03078-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-025-03078-7","url":null,"abstract":"Physically salient stimuli are potent influences on behavior, but their negative impacts can be reduced in the presence of explicit goal-related cues. Here, we investigated whether goal-related cues associated with value are capable of insulating information from task-irrelevant abrupt onsets during two stages of information processing. Abrupt onsets were shown either after attention-directing cues and before a target (Experiment 1) or after a target that is to be remembered for later report (Experiment 2). The cues indicated the value associated with upcoming target locations, and they were either different in value, indicating that one was more valuable than the other, or equal in value. In both experiments, subjects were instructed to report the target that would earn them the most points (Experiment 1) or money (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, performance suffered with equal cues, suggesting that orienting to multiple locations increases susceptibility to distraction from physically salient stimuli. In Experiment 2, the same pattern did not appear for abrupt onsets during the retention period; instead, the impact of the physically salient stimulus was dependent upon working memory capacity. The differential impact of abrupt onsets prior to (Experiment 1) and after (Experiment 2) encoding of value-related target locations suggest that physically salient task-irrelevant stimuli influence value-related information processing differently during orienting and maintenance.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The sequential categorization-identification paradigm (SCIP): A paradigm for the concurrent testing of strong hypotheses regarding psychological representation and processing. 序贯分类识别范式（SCIP）：一个关于心理表征和心理加工的强假设的并行检验范式。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-025-03080-z

Michael J Wenger, James T Townsend, Aylin Ak

{"title":"The sequential categorization-identification paradigm (SCIP): A paradigm for the concurrent testing of strong hypotheses regarding psychological representation and processing.","authors":"Michael J Wenger, James T Townsend, Aylin Ak","doi":"10.3758/s13414-025-03080-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-025-03080-z","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new experimental paradigm intended to allow for the acquisition of the data needed for testing strong hypotheses regarding the nature of encoded representations and the real-time processing of those representations using the same set of trials. The design is motivated by two formal theories: general recognition theory (Ashby & Townsend. Psychological Review, 93, 154-179, 1986), which addresses internal representation, and systems factorial theory (Townsend & Nozawa. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 39, 321-359. 1995), which addresses the foundational characteristics of real-time processing. We show in the results of two experiments, one with very simple and a second with more complex stimuli, that this paradigm is capable of producing data that can allow for inferences regarding both representation and processing from the same set of trials and that those two sets of inferences can be found to be coherent with one another, allowing for the potential for the results of behavioral experimentation to seriously constrain formal and computational modeling. In this sense, the work is coherent with an overarching theme in Mary Peterson's work, specifically as an application of two theory-driven approaches to questions in cognitive representation and processing.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attention to complex scene features. 关注复杂的场景特征。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-025-03081-y

Gaeun Son, Michael L Mack, Dirk B Walther

{"title":"Attention to complex scene features.","authors":"Gaeun Son, Michael L Mack, Dirk B Walther","doi":"10.3758/s13414-025-03081-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-025-03081-y","url":null,"abstract":"In daily visual experiences, the human visual system extracts functionally meaningful features from the visual environment to perform necessary cognitive tasks. How does visual attention operate in such complex environments? Would conventional attention theories, such as feature integration theory (FIT) and guided search (GS), apply to such scene features? These theories provide a framework for how selective attention parses visual input into basic features and binds those features into integral percepts. This theoretical framework so far been tested mainly with basic, localized features, such as colour and orientation. Here, we investigate to what extent the FIT and GS framework generalizes to ecologically valid scene features. We conducted a series of visual search experiments in which participants searched for a target scene among distractor scenes. These scenes were generated within a two-dimensional parametric space of high-level scene features, such as indoor lighting, scene layout, or surface texture. We sampled target and distractor scenes from this space in such a way that we could compare feature and conjunction search behaviours. Visual search performance across different set sizes showed that 1) search was never efficient, both feature and conjunction search conditions exhibited set size effects, but 2) feature search was significantly more efficient than conjunction search. Given these results, we propose that real-world scene features are not preattentive, requiring selective attention for successful visual search. However, these features still meaningfully guide attention in a manner consistent with GS.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Easy does it: Selection during interactive search tasks is biased towards objects that can be examined easily. 容易做到：交互式搜索任务中的选择偏向于容易检查的对象。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-025-03083-w

Haden Dewis, Cheryl D Metcalf, Martin B Warner, Richard Polfreman, Hayward J Godwin

{"title":"Easy does it: Selection during interactive search tasks is biased towards objects that can be examined easily.","authors":"Haden Dewis, Cheryl D Metcalf, Martin B Warner, Richard Polfreman, Hayward J Godwin","doi":"10.3758/s13414-025-03083-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-025-03083-w","url":null,"abstract":"It is well understood that attentional selection is required to deploy visual attention to relevant objects within displays during visual search tasks. Interactive search, an extension of visual search, refers to tasks wherein an individual must manipulate items within their environment to uncover obscured information whilst searching for a target object. Here, we conducted two independent interactive search experiments where participants were asked to interact with virtual cubes to locate a target T shape embedded onto the side of one of the cubes. Our goal here was to investigate the drivers of attentional selection within interactive searches. To do so, we manipulated the effort required to rotate cubes (Experiment 1) and the quantity of shapes attached to the cubes (Experiment 2). Our findings suggest that the perceived effort required to interact with an object is an extremely strong driver of attentional selection within interactive search behaviors. Here, targets may be slower to be detected when that target is obscured within or by an object that conveys, in some shape or form, greater difficulty to examine compared with other objects. These findings provide an exciting first step towards understanding the factors that influence selection during interactive searches. Data and experimental code for all experiments in this study can be accessed online via this web address: https://osf.io/2zyvf/?view_only=ae4f4f2c36ab4e6aae5da3e99fb81988 . Experiments were not preregistered.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mixing it up: Intermixed and blocked visual search tasks produce similar results. 混合：混合和阻塞的视觉搜索任务产生相似的结果。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-025-03077-8

Jeremy M Wolfe, Injae Hong, Ava A Mitra, Eduard Objio, Hula Khalifa, Yousra Ali

{"title":"Mixing it up: Intermixed and blocked visual search tasks produce similar results.","authors":"Jeremy M Wolfe, Injae Hong, Ava A Mitra, Eduard Objio, Hula Khalifa, Yousra Ali","doi":"10.3758/s13414-025-03077-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-025-03077-8","url":null,"abstract":"We have decades of visual search data from experiments where observers look for targets among distractors. Typically, observers are tested in blocks of several hundred trials, and conclusions about underlying mechanisms are inferred from Reaction Time × Set Size functions and errors. However, in the real world, searchers almost never search for the same target or the same type of target hundreds of times in a row. You search for cereal, then milk, then a bowl. Do the rules derived from blocks of trials apply when search tasks are mixed? Here, we compare mixed and blocked conditions in five experiments. In Experiment 1, four different feature searches are tested. In Experiments 2 and 3, the target was the same in four tasks that were defined by different distractor sets. In Experiment 4, different targets are searched for amongst distractors that remained constant across trials. Finally, in Experiment 5, we allowed participants to choose which of four tasks to perform on each trial. In each experiment, there was no qualitative change in search behavior as a function of the mixed/blocked manipulation. The results support the generality of rules of search learned from blocked trials. However, these results do pose a challenge to simple adaptive models of search termination.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Top-down categorical information can be utilized in distractor suppression. 自上而下的分类信息可用于干扰物抑制。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-025-03076-9

Jessica N Goetz, Mark B Neider

{"title":"Top-down categorical information can be utilized in distractor suppression.","authors":"Jessica N Goetz, Mark B Neider","doi":"10.3758/s13414-025-03076-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-025-03076-9","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of attention have found behavioral benefits when observers are provided with top-down information related to distractor items. This effect is known as distractor suppression and is thought to be an independent process from target guidance. Most studies have focused on salient or singleton cues to elucidate upon the top-down versus bottom-up debate. Here, we examined if distractor suppression applies to categorical cues through three experiments. In Experiment 1, we modeled previously reported paradigms and replicated suppression effects to salient stimuli but with categorical objects. In Experiment 2, stimulus salience was kept constant, and participants were informed that a category of objects was always a distractor. We found distractor suppression effects where response times (RTs) were faster on trials that included the cued distractor category. In Experiment 3, distractor suppression effects were preserved when we utilized a slightly modified target set embedded in categorical objects. The present set of studies indicate that categorical information can be suppressed. The results suggest that attentional guidance may not be reliant on only the weighting of target features when categorical information is known, but also the use of relevant distractor information.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Walkable slants of simulated plane ground surfaces yield lower discrimination thresholds than non-walkable slants. 模拟平面地面表面的可行走斜面比不可行走斜面产生更低的判别阈值。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-025-03079-6

Klaus Landwehr, Heiko Hecht, Christoph von Castell

{"title":"Walkable slants of simulated plane ground surfaces yield lower discrimination thresholds than non-walkable slants.","authors":"Klaus Landwehr, Heiko Hecht, Christoph von Castell","doi":"10.3758/s13414-025-03079-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-025-03079-6","url":null,"abstract":"Seen in central perspective, sets of parallel lines yield gradients of convergence when aligned with the observer's direction of gaze, or foreshortening when orthogonal to it. A squares tiling and a random distribution of lines combine both features. Such stimuli, simulating plane, slanted ground surfaces, were shown to naïve observers who, in a two-alternative forced-choice task, had to decide in which of the two pictures of a trial the simulated slant was steeper. Difference thresholds were smaller for walkable slants (23-33°) as opposed to non-walkable ones (40-55° and 59-79°), but, for the walkable slants, they did not differ significantly between convergence and foreshortening stimuli (1.9° vs. 2.0°), nor did they do so between a squares tiling and a random distribution of lines (1.5° vs. 1.3°). For intermediate slants, thresholds were smaller for foreshortening stimuli and a random distribution of lines. The prospects of future studies, using different axes of slant, juxtaposing different textures within single trials, tilting surfaces, or adding gradients of light and shade, are outlined.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of vocal-motor interference on vocal pitch imitation. 发声运动干扰对音高模仿的影响。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-025-03073-y

Emma B Greenspon, Tim A Pruitt, Andrea R Halpern, Peter Q Pfordresher

{"title":"Effects of vocal-motor interference on vocal pitch imitation.","authors":"Emma B Greenspon, Tim A Pruitt, Andrea R Halpern, Peter Q Pfordresher","doi":"10.3758/s13414-025-03073-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-025-03073-y","url":null,"abstract":"The act of singing involves perceptual processing of pitch as well as vocal motor planning. One mechanism that may underlie this type of sensorimotor processing is auditory imagery. Prior research showed that less accurate singers, who report less vivid auditory imagery, engage in more preparatory subvocal movements than more accurate singers. The current research addressed the degree to which motor processing is causally involved in the preparatory auditory imagery that is associated with accurate vocal pitch matching. On each trial, participants were presented with a novel four-note target melody, then imagined the melody, and finally sang the melody aloud. During the auditory imagery period of the trials, participants either simply imagined the target melody (control) or imagined the melody while simultaneously engaged in one of the following secondary tasks: silently repeating the syllables /bɑtah/ (articulatory interference), continually droning a low quiet hum (phonatory interference), or exhaling continuously (phonatory suppression). Phonatory interference significantly disrupted vocal pitch matching relative to performance in the control task. Furthermore, the degree of phonatory disruption was related to participants' overall singing accuracy, such that less accurate singers were more disrupted by phonatory interference than more accurate singers. This suggests that less accurate singers rely on subvocalization to prepare for imitation, whereas more accurate singers may be able to rely on mental models of the actions needed to imitate pitch when subvocalization is prevented.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cueing distractors is effective when the incentive to suppress is high. 当抑制动机高时，提示干扰是有效的。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-025-03075-w

Anna Heuer, Anna Schubö

{"title":"Cueing distractors is effective when the incentive to suppress is high.","authors":"Anna Heuer, Anna Schubö","doi":"10.3758/s13414-025-03075-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-025-03075-w","url":null,"abstract":"Avoiding distraction is critical for our ability to focus, and recent years have seen an increased interest in attentional suppression mechanisms. We now know that we implicitly learn about statistical regularities of our environment, which facilitates inhibition, but it remains unclear if distractors can also be suppressed voluntarily when advance information about their occurrence becomes available. Reasoning that such top-down suppression is likely an effortful process requiring a certain degree of motivation, we aimed to show that distractor cueing can effectively reduce distraction when the incentive is high. In an additional singleton search task, we maximized the incentive to suppress by presenting cues that validly indicated the distractor's specific location and colour, and by rewarding successful suppression. For correct responses, participants received either a low or high reward, depending on distractor colour. Responses were faster in trials with predictive cues than in trials with cues that did not provide any information. These cueing benefits increased over the course of the experiment. Reward magnitude also affected reaction times, indicating that high-reward singletons were more distracting, but did not interact with cueing condition. This performance pattern was complemented by modulations of the PD, a lateralized event-related potential component reflecting active suppression: Smaller amplitudes, indicating that less suppression was required, were observed for low- versus high-reward distractors and, more importantly, for distractors following predictive versus nonpredictive cues. These findings provide proof-of-principle that salient distractors can be anticipatorily suppressed in a top-down manner and highlight the importance of motivation for this voluntary operation.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0