Attention Perception & Psychophysics最新文献_第3页

Proactive reward in conflict tasks: Does it only enhance general performance or also modulate conflict effects? 冲突任务中的主动奖励：它只能提高一般表现，还是也能调节冲突效果？

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02896-5

Linda C Bräutigam, Hartmut Leuthold, Ian G Mackenzie, Victor Mittelstädt

{"title":"Proactive reward in conflict tasks: Does it only enhance general performance or also modulate conflict effects?","authors":"Linda C Bräutigam, Hartmut Leuthold, Ian G Mackenzie, Victor Mittelstädt","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02896-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02896-5","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, we investigated the influence of performance-contingent reward prospects on task performance across three visual conflict tasks with manual responses (Experiments 1 & 2: Simon and Stroop tasks; Experiment 3: Simon and Eriksen flanker task) using block-wise (Experiment 1) and trial-wise (Experiments 2 & 3) manipulations to signal the possibility of reward. Across all experiments, task performance (in reaction time and/or error rates) generally improved in reward compared with no-reward conditions in each conflict task. However, there was, if any, little evidence that the reward manipulation modulated the size of the mean conflict effects, and there was also no evidence for conflict-specific effects of reward when controlling for time-varying fluctuations in conflict processing via distributional analyses (delta plots). Thus, the results provide no evidence for conflict-specific accounts and instead favor performance-general accounts, where reward anticipation leads to overall performance improvements without affecting conflict effects. We discuss possible implications for how proactive control might modulate the interplay between target- and distractor-processing in conflict tasks.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11410886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Skills and cautiousness predict performance in difficult search. 技能和谨慎程度可预测困难搜索中的表现。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02923-5

Zoe Jing Xu, Simona Buetti, Yan Xia, Alejandro Lleras

{"title":"Skills and cautiousness predict performance in difficult search.","authors":"Zoe Jing Xu, Simona Buetti, Yan Xia, Alejandro Lleras","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02923-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02923-5","url":null,"abstract":"People differ in how well they search. What are the factors that might contribute to this variability? We tested the contribution of two cognitive abilities: visual working memory (VWM) capacity and object recognition ability. Participants completed three tasks: a difficult inefficient visual search task, where they searched for a target letter T among skewed L distractors; a VWM task, where they memorized a color array and then identified whether a probed color belonged to the previous array; and the Novel Object Memory Test (NOMT), where they learnt complex novel objects and then identified them amongst objects that closely resembled them. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that there are two latent factors that explain the shared variance among these three tasks: a factor indicative of the level of caution participants exercised during the challenging visual search task, and a factor representing their visual cognitive abilities. People who score high on the search cautiousness tend to perform a more accurate but slower search. People who score high on the visual cognitive ability factor tend to have a higher VWM capacity, a better object recognition ability, and a faster search speed. The results reflect two points: (1) Visual search tasks share components with visual working memory and object recognition tasks. (2) Search performance is influenced not only by the search display's properties but also by individual predispositions such as caution and general visual abilities. This study introduces new factors for consideration when interpreting variations in visual search behaviors.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring perceptual grouping by proximity principle in multistable dot lattices: Dissociation between vision-for-perception and vision-for-action. 通过多稳点阵中的邻近原则探索感知分组：为感知而视觉与为行动而视觉之间的分离。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02928-0

Hamze Moazzen, Shahriar Gharibzadeh, Fatemeh Bakouie

{"title":"Exploring perceptual grouping by proximity principle in multistable dot lattices: Dissociation between vision-for-perception and vision-for-action.","authors":"Hamze Moazzen, Shahriar Gharibzadeh, Fatemeh Bakouie","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02928-0","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02928-0","url":null,"abstract":"Perceptual grouping, a fundamental mechanism in our visual system, significantly influences our interpretation of and interaction with the surrounding world. This study explores the impact of the proximity principle from the perspective of the Two Visual Systems (TVS) model. The TVS model argues that the visual system comprises two distinct streams: the ventral stream, which forms the neural basis for \"vision-for-perception,\" and the dorsal stream, which underlies \"vision-for-action.\" We designed a perceptual grouping task using dot lattices as well as a line-orientation discrimination task. Data were collected using vocal and mouse methods for the vision-for-perception mode, and joystick and pen-paper methods for the vision-for-action mode. Each method, except for vocal, included separate blocks for right and left hands. The proximity data were fitted using exponential and power models. Linear mixed-effects models were used for the statistical analyses. The results revealed similar line-orientation discrimination accuracy across all conditions. The exponential model emerged as the best fit, demonstrating adherence to the Pure Distance Law in both perceptual modes. Sensitivity to the proximity principle was higher in the vision-for-action mode compared to the vision-for-perception. In terms of orientation biases, a strong preference for vertical orientation was observed in the vision-for-perception mode, whereas a noticeable preference toward either of the oblique orientations was detected in the vision-for-action mode. Analysis of free-drawn lines demonstrated an affordance bias in the vision-for-action mode. This suggests a remarkable tendency to perceive organizations within specific orientations that offer more affordances due to the interaction between the body postures and tools.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The differential impact of face distractors on visual working memory across encoding and delay stages. 在不同的编码和延迟阶段，面孔分心物对视觉工作记忆的影响各不相同。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02895-6

Chaoxiong Ye, Qianru Xu, Zhihu Pan, Qi-Yang Nie, Qiang Liu

{"title":"The differential impact of face distractors on visual working memory across encoding and delay stages.","authors":"Chaoxiong Ye, Qianru Xu, Zhihu Pan, Qi-Yang Nie, Qiang Liu","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02895-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02895-6","url":null,"abstract":"External distractions often occur when information must be retained in visual working memory (VWM)-a crucial element in cognitive processing and everyday activities. However, the distraction effects can differ if they occur during the encoding rather than the delay stages. Previous research on these effects used simple stimuli (e.g., color and orientation) rather than considering distractions caused by real-world stimuli on VWM. In the present study, participants performed a facial VWM task under different distraction conditions across the encoding and delay stages to elucidate the mechanisms of distraction resistance in the context of complex real-world stimuli. VWM performance was significantly impaired by delay-stage but not encoding-stage distractors (Experiment 1). In addition, the delay distraction effect arose primarily due to the absence of distractor process at the encoding stage rather than the presence of a distractor during the delay stage (Experiment 2). Finally, the impairment in the delay-distraction condition was not due to the abrupt appearance of distractors (Experiment 3). Taken together, these findings indicate that the processing mechanisms previously established for resisting distractions in VWM using simple stimuli can be extended to more complex real-world stimuli, such as faces.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11410854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141185066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: The differential impact of face distractors on visual working memory across encoding and delay stages. 更正：不同编码和延迟阶段人脸分心物对视觉工作记忆的不同影响

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02912-8

Chaoxiong Ye, Qianru Xu, Zhihu Pan, Qi-Yang Nie, Qiang Liu

引用次数: 0

Investigating an effort avoidance account of attentional strategy choice. 研究注意力策略选择的 "努力回避 "理论

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02927-1

Tianyu Zhang, Andrew B Leber

{"title":"Investigating an effort avoidance account of attentional strategy choice.","authors":"Tianyu Zhang, Andrew B Leber","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02927-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02927-1","url":null,"abstract":"People often choose suboptimal attentional control strategies during visual search. This has been at least partially attributed to the avoidance of the cognitive effort associated with the optimal strategy, but aspects of the task triggering such avoidance remain unclear. Here, we attempted to measure effort avoidance of an isolated task component to assess whether this component might drive suboptimal behavior. We adopted a modified version of the Adaptive Choice Visual Search (ACVS), a task designed to measure people's visual search strategies. To perform optimally, participants must make a numerosity judgment-estimating and comparing two color sets-before they can advantageously search through the less numerous of the two. If participants skip the numerosity judgment step, they can still perform accurately, albeit substantially more slowly. To study whether effort associated with performing the optional numerosity judgment could be an obstacle to optimal performance, we created a variant of the demand selection task to quantify the avoidance of numerosity judgment effort. Results revealed a robust avoidance of the numerosity judgment, offering a potential explanation for why individuals choose suboptimal strategies in the ACVS task. Nevertheless, we did not find a significant relationship between individual numerosity judgment avoidance and ACVS optimality, and we discussed potential reasons for this lack of an observed relationship. Altogether, our results showed that the effort avoidance for specific subcomponents of a visual search task can be probed and linked to overall strategy choices.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relationship between space and time perception: A registered replication of Casasanto and Boroditsky (2008). 空间与时间感知之间的关系：对 Casasanto 和 Boroditsky（2008 年）的注册复制。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02942-2

Mirinda M Whitaker, Rachael C Hansen, Sarah H Creem-Regehr, Jeanine K Stefanucci

{"title":"The relationship between space and time perception: A registered replication of Casasanto and Boroditsky (2008).","authors":"Mirinda M Whitaker, Rachael C Hansen, Sarah H Creem-Regehr, Jeanine K Stefanucci","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02942-2","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02942-2","url":null,"abstract":"Everything in our environment moves through both space and time, and to effectively act we must be aware of both spatial and temporal elements in relation to our own bodies. Thus, perceptions of space and time have an intimate relationship. Walsh's a theory of magnitude (ATOM) suggests that space and time perception rely on a general magnitude system and their relationship should be roughly symmetrical. Alternatively, metaphor theory, which is based on the philosophical work of Lakoff and Johnson, argues that we represent time using a spatial metaphor and thus the relationship should be asymmetrical (with space influencing time more than time influences space). A compelling line of evidence for metaphor theory comes from the work of Casasanto & Boroditsky. Cognition, 106(2), 579-593. (2008) who experimentally demonstrated this asymmetric effect. However, in our previous unpublished online replication attempt of this work, we found a roughly symmetrical relationship between space and time, more in line with the theoretical predictions of ATOM. Given this, we performed a registered replication of Casasanto & Boroditsky. Cognition, 106(2), 579-593. (2008) in both an online and laboratory environment.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ATLAS: Mapping ATtention's Location And Size to probe five modes of serial and parallel search. ATLAS：映射注意力的位置和大小，探索串行和并行搜索的五种模式。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02921-7

Gregory Davis

{"title":"ATLAS: Mapping ATtention's Location And Size to probe five modes of serial and parallel search.","authors":"Gregory Davis","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02921-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02921-7","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional visual search tasks do not address attention directly and their core manipulation of 'set size' - the number of displayed items - introduces stimulus confounds that hinder interpretation. However, alternative approaches have not been widely adopted, perhaps reflecting their complexity, assumptions, or indirect attention-sampling. Here, a new procedure, the ATtention Location And Size ('ATLAS') task used probe displays to track attention's location, breadth, and guidance during search. Though most probe displays comprised six items, participants reported only the single item they judged themselves to have perceived most clearly - indexing the attention 'peak'. By sampling peaks across variable 'choice sets', the size and position of the attention window during search was profiled. These indices appeared to distinguish narrow- from broad attention, signalled attention to pairs of items where it arose and tracked evolving attention-guidance over time. ATLAS is designed to discriminate five key search modes: serial-unguided, sequential-guided, unguided attention to 'clumps' with local guidance, and broad parallel-attention with or without guidance. This initial investigation used only an example set of highly regular stimuli, but its broader potential should be investigated.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11410986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Size adaptation: Do you know it when you see it? 尺寸适应：当你看到它时，你知道它是什么吗？

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02925-3

Sami R Yousif, Sam Clarke

{"title":"Size adaptation: Do you know it when you see it?","authors":"Sami R Yousif, Sam Clarke","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02925-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02925-3","url":null,"abstract":"The visual system adapts to a wide range of visual features, from lower-level features like color and motion to higher-level features like causality and, perhaps, number. According to some, adaptation is a strictly perceptual phenomenon, such that the presence of adaptation licenses the claim that a feature is truly perceptual in nature. Given the theoretical importance of claims about adaptation, then, it is important to understand exactly when the visual system does and does not exhibit adaptation. Here, we take as a case study one specific kind of adaptation: visual adaptation to size. Supported by evidence from four experiments, we argue that, despite robust effects of size adaptation in the lab, (1) size adaptation effects are phenomenologically underwhelming (in some cases, hardly appreciable at all), (2) some effects of size adaptation appear contradictory, and difficult to explain given current theories of size adaptation, and (3) prior studies on size adaptation may have failed to isolate size as the adapted dimension. Ultimately, we argue that while there is evidence to license the claim that size adaptation is genuine, size adaptation is a puzzling and poorly understood phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11410845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Memory, attention and creativity as cognitive processes in musical performance: A case study of students and professionals among non-musicians and musicians. 音乐表演中的记忆、注意力和创造力认知过程：非音乐家和音乐家中学生和专业人士的案例研究。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02944-0

Jingtao Zhao

{"title":"Memory, attention and creativity as cognitive processes in musical performance: A case study of students and professionals among non-musicians and musicians.","authors":"Jingtao Zhao","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02944-0","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02944-0","url":null,"abstract":"This research discusses that cognitive processes such as memory, attention and creativity differ in students and professionals, among musicians and non-musicians, dealing with musical performance. The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare the role of memory, attention and creativity as cognitive processes in musical performance, focusing on the differences between non-musicians and musicians. The sample involved 400 individuals, students and professionals, specialising in music and economics. The research instruments used by the scholars were the Wechsler Memory Scale, the Conners Performance Test, and the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. Musical students possessed better-developed auditory and short-term memory, while professional musicians had better auditory, visual working and short-term memory. Analysis of attention reveals that music students score better than non-musicians on all four aspects: inattention, impulsivity, sustained attention, and vigilance. For professionals, the key aspects are impulsivity and sustained attention with better results revealed in musicians. Creative thinking was the only factor where the differences were statistically significant in all five scales and the findings proved that creativity was better developed among musicians. This study provides an in-depth analysis and adds new knowledge to existing literature and empirical data on the cognitive processes associated with musical performance, focusing on memory, attention and creativity. By examining the differences between non-musicians and musicians, as well as students and professionals, the study provides insight into how musical performance can be used as a way to develop these cognitive processes.","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0