Attention Perception & Psychophysics最新文献

{"title":"Periodic performance feedback and cognitive ability interactively mitigate the vigilance decrement","authors":"Matthew K. Robison,&nbsp;Reyes Flores,&nbsp;Benjamin Rudd","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03314-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03314-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigated the effects of periodic performance feedback across three experiments. In Experiment 1, participants were assigned to either a feedback condition, in which there was periodic performance feedback (<i>n</i> = 302), or to a control condition, which received no feedback (<i>n =</i> 293). Whereas the control condition demonstrated a large vigilance decrement, even over a brief task duration, participants in the feedback condition performed both better overall and demonstrated a significantly shallower decrement. Experiment 2 (<i>n</i> = 103) was a preregistered replication with an extended task duration, and we directly replicated the findings. Experiment 3 was another preregistered experiment (<i>n</i> = 283), in which we examined three conditions with the extended duration: feedback for the entire task, feedback for only the first half of the task, and no feedback for the entire duration. The conditions did not differ in performance. However, in a post hoc cross-experimental analysis, we discovered significant moderation of the feedback effect via fluid intelligence. The findings have implications for how we view vigilance as a cognitive construct, why it typically wanes with time, and how it may be stabilized. All data and materials are publicly available on the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/fzd2h/)</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13414-026-03314-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensemble processing can be influenced by attentional cueing","authors":"Kristina Knox,&nbsp;Marco A. Sama,&nbsp;Jay Pratt,&nbsp;Jonathan S. Cant","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03324-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03324-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>At any given moment, the human visual system encounters a wealth of sensory information that far exceeds the processing capacity of cognitive mechanisms such as visual attention and visual working memory. To overcome these capacity limitations, our visual system uses both ensemble perception and selective attention to navigate our visual environment. The goal of the current study is to explore potential interactions between these two adaptive cognitive processes. That is, we investigated whether spatial attention plays a role in forming ensemble representations. Specifically, we utilized a spatial attentional cueing paradigm under various temporal constraints to examine if spatial attention influences the processing of average orientation from an ensemble of objects. On each trial, participants saw two empty circles to the left and right of a fixation cross. Next, an arrow cue appeared at fixation for 100 ms, and then the ensemble was displayed for either 50 ms or 150 ms. The arrow cue was predictive, such that the ensemble appeared at the validly cued location on 75% of trials. Participants were instructed to report the average orientation of the ensemble. The results demonstrate that spatial cueing can influence orientation ensemble processing, and this attentional effect is sensitive to small changes in display time. Overall, these findings highlight the relationship between attention and ensemble perception, and how these two processes interact to shape our rich visual experience of the world.</p><p>The materials are available publicly on Open Science Framework (OSF) (https://osf.io/3rsye). This includes the files and code for the PsychoPy experiment, the raw trial-level data, and the analysis code and files. No aspects of the study were preregistered.</p><p>In our visually complex world, our brains face the constant challenge of processing vast amounts of information quickly and efficiently. This study explores how two key cognitive processes—our ability to summarize visual information (ensemble perception) and our capacity to focus on specific details (selective attention)—work together. By understanding how these processes interact, we gain valuable insights into how our visual system manages the immense amount of visual information we experience on a moment-to-moment basis, and ultimately how we use this information to guide our everyday behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memory load modulates the role of perception in category effects in visual working memory","authors":"Yang Gao,&nbsp;Ruoyu Lu,&nbsp;Tengfei Wang,&nbsp;Zhi Li","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03323-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03323-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The origin of category effects in visual working memory (VWM) – whether they stem from perceptual factors – remains debated. The present study adopted an individual-differences approach to investigate how the magnitude of category effects relates to perceptual versus memory factors, as indexed by discrimination thresholds. Eighty participants completed two threshold tasks: one perceptual color discrimination task where two color patches were presented simultaneously, and one memory color discrimination task where patches were presented sequentially. They also performed a delayed estimation task, the performance of which was decomposed into categorical and continuous memory components. Results revealed that the strength of category effects was significantly larger under set size 3 compared to set size 1. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that both perception discrimination thresholds and memory discrimination thresholds uniquely predicted the strength of category effects when memory set size was 1, with higher thresholds associated with stronger category effects. However, when memory set size increased to 3, only memory discrimination thresholds uniquely predicted the strength of category effects, while its relationship with perceptual discrimination thresholds disappeared. These findings suggest that, when memory load was only one item, category effects may be partly contributed by perceptual factors. However, under higher memory loads, no reliable association was observed between perceptual factors and category effects. These findings suggest that memory load could modulate the relative contribution of perceptual and memory factors to category effects in visual working memory.</p><p>The trial-level data and experiment code for this study are publicly available at: https://osf.io/j5n7v/?view_only=8ffc5785136d4775be177929d18b01e1. The experiment was not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory substitution under passive guidance: Effects on proprioceptive acuity and motor performance","authors":"Salim Akar,&nbsp;Vincent Roy,&nbsp;Charles Lenay,&nbsp;Loïc Deschamps","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03290-z","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03290-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sensory substitution devices (SSDs) offer a unique framework for investigating attention, perception, and sensorimotor interactions. While previous studies have examined how the type of stimuli provided by an SSD and the exploration strategy applied during active manipulation affect perception, proprioception, and motor-exploratory performance, these factors have not been explored in the context of passive guidance through an SSD. In this study, we examined how the type of stimuli (modality-specific vs. cross-modal stimuli) and the exploration strategy used to passively guide participants (micro-scanning (MIC) vs. macro-scanning (MAC)) influence the perception of two-dimensional shapes during passive guidance through an SSD. We also assessed changes in proprioceptive acuity after passive guidance, and evaluated motor-exploratory performance in a subsequent tracing task. Overall, MIC was more effective than MAC for shape recognition during passive guidance. This superiority of MIC over MAC was observed across all sessions and was particularly marked in the group receiving MIC with cross-modal stimulation. Proprioceptive acuity and tracing performance were also higher following MIC training, especially with cross-modal stimuli. These findings offer new insights into multisensory processing, proprioceptive calibration, and sensorimotor transfer following passive-guided sensory substitution, highlighting the joint influence of exploration strategy and sensory feedback. They suggest an association between perceptual performance during passive guidance training and proprioceptive improvements, and open avenues for investigating its influence on subsequent motor-exploratory behavior. Data supporting this study are publicly available in a French national research data repository and include all measures needed for replication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The lightness/pitch crossmodal correspondence modulates reported dominance in binocular rivalry","authors":"Mick Zeljko,&nbsp;Rhianna Eather,&nbsp;Bryan Sim,&nbsp;Philip M. Grove,&nbsp;Ada Kritikos","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03320-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03320-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Crossmodal correspondences (CMCs: systematic associations between feature dimensions across sensory modalities) are known to facilitate performance in simple detection and discrimination tasks and can bias reports of ambiguous figures. The present study tested whether a lightness/pitch CMC biases reported dominance in binocular rivalry. Across three experiments, participants viewed dichoptically presented black and white circles accompanied by relatively high- or low-pitched tones. Dominance reports were coded as congruent when they matched the lightness/pitch correspondence (white/high, black/low) and incongruent when they did not (white/low, black/high). In two experiments, participants reported whether the dominant percept was black or white (direct task); in a third, they judged line orientation while lightness was irrelevant (indirect task). Congruency effects were observed only in the direct task, and only at longer timescales: in intermittent presentation, at 5-s and 8-s exposures; and in continuous presentation, for 5-s sound alternations with responses following tone changes by 1.6–3.2 s, peaking at about 2.6 s. No reliable effects were found in the indirect task. Dominance response durations averaged approximately 2.5 s in the direct task but were significantly longer, approximately 3.5 s, in the indirect task. These results suggest that a pre-existing, untrained lightness/pitch correspondence can bias reported rivalry dominance, but only when the relevant feature is attended and during temporal windows aligned with natural rivalry dynamics. Because dominance was measured by report, the findings are best interpreted as effects on reported dominance rather than as definitive evidence for purely perceptual modulation; nevertheless, they are consistent with subtle crossmodal influences during phases of rivalry instability.</p><p>The data for this study are publicly available on the Open Science Framework (OSF) at https://osf.io/u3ycm/overview?view_only=9fc10ddf4d6c4af8a7d70f2e06c2aef6. The study was not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13414-026-03320-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148723372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Octave equivalence and the incidental learning of absolute pitch","authors":"Williams Henry,&nbsp;James R. Schmidt","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03321-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03321-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Absolute pitch is the ability to label the pitch chroma of isolated tones. Recent work has demonstrated rapid improvements in pitch identification using an incidental contingency learning task. In the present work, we used a similar approach to assess whether knowledge about the pitch chroma (rather than pitch heights) of tones is possible in our task. In Experiment 1 with nonmusicians, seven notes in two octaves were played most often with their corresponding written note names and less often with the others. Tones from a third octave were played equally often with all note names (i.e., no contingency manipulation) to test for chroma-based generalization. We found significant but very small learning and generalization effects, revealing the relative difficulty of focusing on the pitch chroma during learning. The same task was used again in a sample of musicians in Experiment 2 with the thinking that musicians would have enhanced pitch chroma perception. As expected, we found more compelling evidence for learning and generalization, albeit only in explicit identification performance. In Experiment 3, we assessed whether it is fundamentally impossible to acquire knowledge based on pitch chroma by training participants with Shepard tones, which are largely devoid of pitch height cues. Interestingly, we found robust learning effects for these tones. However, we did not find evidence for transfer toward piano tones. We conclude that the major reason why absolute pitch is difficult to learn in adulthood is due to difficulty in perceiving pitch chroma due to the saliency of pitch height cues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limited effects of action on ensemble processing","authors":"Shinhae Ahn,&nbsp;Richard A. Abrams","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03319-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03319-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous research has shown that production of an action toward a visual stimulus may prioritize features of that stimulus for a brief period of time. One recent report has suggested that such an <i>action effect</i> specifically influences ensemble processing – the extraction of summary statistics from a display of multiple items. In the present study we replicate the results that led to that conclusion by having participants assess the mean size of elements in an ensemble after having made an action to either a small or large object. The size of the acted-on object biased the ensemble judgment, but merely viewing the same object produced no such bias. In two subsequent experiments we found the same pattern of results when participants were asked to judge the size of an individual object – not an ensemble. Because the same pattern occurred even when ensemble processing was not required, the action appears to affect some aspect of the task other than ensemble processing (such as perception of visual stimuli in general, or processes related to memory, decision making or response selection), limiting the conclusions that are possible about ensemble processing, but revealing an important new effect of action.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13414-026-03319-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distractor avoidance is achieved by active control rather than passive exclusion","authors":"Xiaojin Ma,&nbsp;Richard A. Abrams","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03317-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03317-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>When navigating the visual world, we have considerable control over what stimuli to select for deeper processing, and we can often resist capture by physically salient but task-irrelevant distractors. A debate has emerged regarding whether distractor avoidance is accomplished by active goal-driven attentional control, or by passive exclusion of distractors from the narrow attentional focus of a highly serial search, as the <i>attentional window account</i> claims. In the present study, in order to explore the issue, we measured the extent to which attentional avoidance of salient distractors is affected by the seriality of the search. In three experiments, we invoked different levels of seriality by separately manipulating the similarity among search elements, the stimulus pattern complexity, and the conjunctive features that defined the target. To assess attentional allocation, probe trials were interleaved with the search trials. While the results showed significant avoidance of color singleton distractors in all experiments, the strength of the avoidance effect, as measured by both search latency and probe report, did not differ as a function of the seriality of the search. An additional control experiment verified the item-by-item serial search processes invoked by most of our methods. The results are inconsistent with the passive filtering proposed by the attentional window account and instead imply that active top-down control is a more likely explanation for distractor avoidance.</p><p>Trial-level data and analysis code for all experiments have been made publicly available online (https://osf.io/njvu2), and none of the experiments was preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13433576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148671388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of spatial frequencies, orientation, and familiarity on face stimuli integration","authors":"Maria Cuomo,&nbsp;Giovanni Federico,&nbsp;Giovanni Mario Capolongo,&nbsp;Alessio Fracasso,&nbsp;Antimo Buonocore","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03312-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03312-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When we observe an object, our visual system extracts both coarse and fine information to build a coherent percept. This process is often described as a coarse-to-fine integration, in which low spatial frequency (LSF) information provides an initial scaffold for interpreting high spatial frequency (HSF) detail. Here, we examined how this integration unfolds in face perception across two experiments. We leveraged the face inversion effect—where inverted faces are harder to recognize than upright ones—as a tool to probe processing flexibility. In Experiment 1, ten participants matched two familiar faces presented in rapid succession (template and probe), which were either spatial frequency-congruent (both LSF or both HSF) or incongruent (LSF–HSF or HSF–LSF). Accuracy was higher for HSF templates in congruent conditions, but in incongruent conditions, performance improved when matching LSF probes onto HSF templates—an effect limited to upright faces. In Experiment 2, twelve participants completed the same task with both familiar and unfamiliar faces. The pattern for familiar faces replicated that of Experiment 1; however, for unfamiliar faces, accuracy was generally higher in congruent conditions and was unaffected by template SF. These findings suggest that coarse-to-fine dynamics do not rigidly constrain spatial frequency integration in face recognition but instead reflect flexible processing strategies that adapt to stimulus familiarity, orientation, and task context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148671406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidance of attention by statistical learning when multiple guidance mechanisms compete","authors":"Mark W. Becker,&nbsp;Morgan Dodd,&nbsp;Tristan Janisse","doi":"10.3758/s13414-026-03313-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-026-03313-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous research has shown that people are sensitive to statistical regularities and will implicitly learn to bias attention toward locations and features frequently associated with search targets. However, most prior work has involved a single biasing contingency. In Experiment 1, we investigate whether individuals can simultaneously learn and implement two distinct contingencies: one based on location and another based on color. The results suggest that both contingencies are learned implicitly and exert independent effects on attentional allocation. Experiments 2 and 3 examine whether shifting one feature to the volitional system via endogenous cues affects the implicit learning and implementation of contingencies for the other feature. The findings indicate that endogenous cues for one feature do not block implicit learning of contingencies in the other. However, the influence of implicit contingencies on attentional allocation depends on the validity of the volitional cues: they are effective when cues are neutral or valid, but not when invalid. This pattern suggests that the implicit and volitional systems operate hierarchically, with the volitional system taking precedence.</p><p>Efficient attentional guidance is key to effective visual search. While both volitional control and statistical learning can guide attention, little is known about how attention is influenced when multiple guidance mechanisms compete. Using a task with competing statistical regularities, one for target location and one for color, we show that both statistical learning biases independently influence attention. Shifting a feature to the volitional control system does not disrupt the statistical learning of the other, but invalid volitional cues eliminate statistical learning effects, suggesting a hierarchical relationship. These findings offer new insight into how multiple guidance systems shape attentional allocation.</p><p>Subject level data and SPSS analysis syntax available on the Open Science Framework at: \u0000https://osf.io/5vt74/overview. The experiments were not preregistered, but the data, and analysis syntax are publicly available at \u0000https://osf.io/5vt74/overview.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":"88 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}