Attention Perception & Psychophysics最新文献_第5页

Rhythmic variance influences the speed but not the accuracy of complex averaging decisions 节奏差异会影响复杂平均决策的速度，但不会影响其准确性。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02930-6

David Greatrex, Sarah Hawkins

{"title":"Rhythmic variance influences the speed but not the accuracy of complex averaging decisions","authors":"David Greatrex, Sarah Hawkins","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02930-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02930-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When a rhythm makes an event predictable, that event is perceived faster, and typically more accurately. However, the experiments showing this used simple tasks, and most manipulated temporal expectancy by using periodic or aperiodic precursors unrelated to stimulus and task. Three experiments tested the generality of these observations in a complex task in which rhythm was intrinsic to, rather than a precursor of, the information needed to respond: listeners averaged the laterality of a stream of noise bursts. We varied presentation rate, degree of periodicity, and average lateralisation. Decisions following a probe tone were fastest after periodic stimuli, and slowest after the most aperiodic stimuli. Without a probe tone, listeners responded sooner during periodic sequences, thus hearing less information. Periodicity did not benefit accuracy overall. This gain in speed but not accuracy for less information is not reported for simpler tasks. Neural entrainment supplemented by cognitive factors provide a tentative explanation. When the task is inherently complex and demands high attention over long durations, both expected-periodic and unexpected-aperiodic stimuli can increase response amplitude, enhancing stimulus representation, but periodicity increases confidence to respond early. Drift diffusion modelling supports this proposal: aperiodicity modulated the decision threshold, but not the drift rate or non-decision time. Together, these new data and the literature point towards task-dependent effects of temporal expectation on decision-making, showing interactions between rhythmic variance, task complexity, and sources of expectation about stimuli. We suggest the implications are worth exploring to extend understanding of rhythmicity on decision-making to everyday situations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141899039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Independent-channels models of temporal-order judgment revisited: A model comparison 时序判断的独立通道模型再探：模型比较

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02915-5

Paul Kelber, Rolf Ulrich

{"title":"Independent-channels models of temporal-order judgment revisited: A model comparison","authors":"Paul Kelber, Rolf Ulrich","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02915-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02915-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The perception of temporal order or simultaneity of stimuli is almost always explained in terms of independent-channels models, such as perceptual-moment, triggered-moment, and attention-switching models. Independent-channels models generally posit that stimuli are processed in separate peripheral channels and that their arrival-time difference at a central location is translated into an internal state of order (simultaneity) if it reaches (misses) a certain threshold. Non-monotonic and non-parallel psychometric functions in a ternary-response task provided critical evidence against a wide range of independent-channels models. However, two independent-channels models have been introduced in the last decades that can account for such shapes by considering misreports of internal states (response-error model) or by assuming that simultaneity and order judgments rely on distinct sensory and decisional processes (two-stage model). Based on previous ideas, we also consider a two-threshold model, according to which the same arrival-time difference may need to reach a higher threshold for order detection than for successiveness detection. All three models were fitted to various data sets collected over a period of more than a century. The two-threshold model provided the best balance between goodness of fit and parsimony. This preference for the two-threshold model over the two-stage model and the response-error model aligns well with several lines of evidence from cognitive modeling, psychophysics, mental chronometry, and psychophysiology. We conclude that the seemingly deviant shapes of psychometric functions can be explained within the framework of independent-channels models in a simpler way than previously assumed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11410913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141899038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring perceptual grouping by proximity principle in multistable dot lattices: Dissociation between vision-for-perception and vision-for-action 通过多稳点阵中的邻近原则探索感知分组：为感知而视觉与为行动而视觉之间的分离。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02928-0

Hamze Moazzen, Shahriar Gharibzadeh, Fatemeh Bakouie

{"title":"Exploring perceptual grouping by proximity principle in multistable dot lattices: Dissociation between vision-for-perception and vision-for-action","authors":"Hamze Moazzen, Shahriar Gharibzadeh, Fatemeh Bakouie","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02928-0","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02928-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Perceptual grouping, a fundamental mechanism in our visual system, significantly influences our interpretation of and interaction with the surrounding world. This study explores the impact of the proximity principle from the perspective of the Two Visual Systems (TVS) model. The TVS model argues that the visual system comprises two distinct streams: the ventral stream, which forms the neural basis for “vision-for-perception,” and the dorsal stream, which underlies “vision-for-action.” We designed a perceptual grouping task using dot lattices as well as a line-orientation discrimination task. Data were collected using vocal and mouse methods for the vision-for-perception mode, and joystick and pen-paper methods for the vision-for-action mode. Each method, except for vocal, included separate blocks for right and left hands. The proximity data were fitted using exponential and power models. Linear mixed-effects models were used for the statistical analyses. The results revealed similar line-orientation discrimination accuracy across all conditions. The exponential model emerged as the best fit, demonstrating adherence to the Pure Distance Law in both perceptual modes. Sensitivity to the proximity principle was higher in the vision-for-action mode compared to the vision-for-perception. In terms of orientation biases, a strong preference for vertical orientation was observed in the vision-for-perception mode, whereas a noticeable preference toward either of the oblique orientations was detected in the vision-for-action mode. Analysis of free-drawn lines demonstrated an affordance bias in the vision-for-action mode. This suggests a remarkable tendency to perceive organizations within specific orientations that offer more affordances due to the interaction between the body postures and tools.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Timbral brightness perception investigated through multimodal interference 通过多模态干扰研究音调亮度感知

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02934-2

Charalampos Saitis, Zachary Wallmark

{"title":"Timbral brightness perception investigated through multimodal interference","authors":"Charalampos Saitis, Zachary Wallmark","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02934-2","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02934-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brightness is among the most studied aspects of timbre perception. Psychoacoustically, sounds described as “bright” versus “dark” typically exhibit a high versus low frequency emphasis in the spectrum. However, relatively little is known about the neurocognitive mechanisms that facilitate these <i>metaphors we listen with</i>. Do they originate in universal magnitude representations common to more than one sensory modality? Triangulating three different interaction paradigms, we investigated using speeded classification whether intramodal, crossmodal, and amodal interference occurs when timbral brightness, as modeled by the centroid of the spectral envelope, and pitch height/visual brightness/numerical value processing are semantically congruent and incongruent. In four online experiments varying in priming strategy, onset timing, and response deadline, 189 total participants were presented with a baseline stimulus (a pitch, gray square, or numeral) then asked to quickly identify a target stimulus that is higher/lower, brighter/darker, or greater/less than the baseline after being primed with a bright or dark synthetic harmonic tone. Results suggest that timbral brightness modulates the perception of pitch and possibly visual brightness, but not numerical value. Semantically incongruent pitch height-timbral brightness shifts produced significantly slower reaction time (RT) and higher error compared to congruent pairs. In the visual task, incongruent pairings of gray squares and tones elicited slower RTs than congruent pairings (in two experiments). No interference was observed in the number comparison task. These findings shed light on the embodied and multimodal nature of experiencing timbre.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11410849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phonetic categorization in phonological lexical neighborhoods: Facilitatory and inhibitory effects 语音词汇邻域中的语音分类：促进和抑制作用。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02931-5

Yubin Zhang

引用次数: 0

Automatic imitation is modulated by stimulus clarity but not by animacy 自动模仿受刺激物清晰度的调节，但不受灵性的调节。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02935-1

Hannah Wilt, Yuchunzi Wu, Antony Trotter, Patti Adank

{"title":"Automatic imitation is modulated by stimulus clarity but not by animacy","authors":"Hannah Wilt, Yuchunzi Wu, Antony Trotter, Patti Adank","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02935-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02935-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Observing actions evokes an automatic imitative response that activates mechanisms required to execute these actions. Automatic imitation is measured using the Stimulus Response Compatibility (SRC) task, which presents participants with compatible and incompatible prompt-distractor pairs. Automatic imitation, or the <i>compatibility effect</i>, is the difference in response times (RTs) between incompatible and compatible trials. Past results suggest that an action’s animacy affects automatic imitation: human-produced actions evoke larger effects than computer-generated actions. However, it appears that animacy effects occur mostly when non-human stimuli are less complex or less clear. Theoretical accounts make conflicting predictions regarding both stimulus manipulations. We conducted two SRC experiments that presented participants with an animacy manipulation (human and computer-generated stimuli, Experiment 1) and a clarity manipulation (stimuli with varying visual clarity using Gaussian blurring, Experiments 1 and 2) to tease apart effect of these manipulations. Participants in Experiment 1 responded slower for incompatible than for compatible trials, showing a compatibility effect. Experiment 1 found a null effect of animacy, but stimuli with lower visual clarity evoked smaller compatibility effects. Experiment 2 modulated clarity in five steps and reports decreasing compatibility effects for stimuli with lower clarity. Clarity, but not animacy, therefore affected automatic imitation, and theoretical implications and future directions are considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Size adaptation: Do you know it when you see it? 尺寸适应：当你看到它时，你知道它是什么吗？

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02925-3

Sami R. Yousif, Sam Clarke

{"title":"Size adaptation: Do you know it when you see it?","authors":"Sami R. Yousif, Sam Clarke","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02925-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02925-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The visual system adapts to a wide range of visual features, from lower-level features like color and motion to higher-level features like causality and, perhaps, number. According to some, adaptation is a strictly perceptual phenomenon, such that the presence of adaptation licenses the claim that a feature is truly perceptual in nature. Given the theoretical importance of claims about adaptation, then, it is important to understand exactly when the visual system does and does not exhibit adaptation. Here, we take as a case study one specific kind of adaptation: visual adaptation to <i>size</i>. Supported by evidence from four experiments, we argue that, despite robust effects of size adaptation in the lab, (1) size adaptation effects are phenomenologically underwhelming (in some cases, hardly appreciable at all), (2) some effects of size adaptation appear contradictory, and difficult to explain given current theories of size adaptation, and (3) prior studies on size adaptation may have failed to isolate size as the adapted dimension. Ultimately, we argue that while there is evidence to license the claim that size adaptation is genuine, size adaptation is a puzzling and poorly understood phenomenon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11410845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating an effort avoidance account of attentional strategy choice 研究注意力策略选择的 "努力回避 "理论

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02927-1

Tianyu Zhang, Andrew B. Leber

{"title":"Investigating an effort avoidance account of attentional strategy choice","authors":"Tianyu Zhang, Andrew B. Leber","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02927-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02927-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People often choose suboptimal attentional control strategies during visual search. This has been at least partially attributed to the avoidance of the cognitive effort associated with the optimal strategy, but aspects of the task triggering such avoidance remain unclear. Here, we attempted to measure effort avoidance of an isolated task component to assess whether this component might drive suboptimal behavior. We adopted a modified version of the Adaptive Choice Visual Search (ACVS), a task designed to measure people’s visual search strategies. To perform optimally, participants must make a numerosity judgment—estimating and comparing two color sets—before they can advantageously search through the less numerous of the two. If participants skip the numerosity judgment step, they can still perform accurately, albeit substantially more slowly. To study whether effort associated with performing the optional numerosity judgment could be an obstacle to optimal performance, we created a variant of the demand selection task to quantify the avoidance of numerosity judgment effort. Results revealed a robust avoidance of the numerosity judgment, offering a potential explanation for why individuals choose suboptimal strategies in the ACVS task. Nevertheless, we did not find a significant relationship between individual numerosity judgment avoidance and ACVS optimality, and we discussed potential reasons for this lack of an observed relationship. Altogether, our results showed that the effort avoidance for specific subcomponents of a visual search task can be probed and linked to overall strategy choices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The speed and phase of locomotion dictate saccade probability and simultaneous low-frequency power spectra. 运动的速度和阶段决定了囊状移动的概率和同步低频功率谱。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02932-4

Lydia Barnes, Matthew J Davidson, David Alais

{"title":"The speed and phase of locomotion dictate saccade probability and simultaneous low-frequency power spectra.","authors":"Lydia Barnes, Matthew J Davidson, David Alais","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02932-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-024-02932-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Every day we make thousands of saccades and take thousands of steps as we explore our environment. Despite their common co-occurrence in a typical active state, we know little about the coordination between eye movements, walking behaviour and related changes in cortical activity. Technical limitations have been a major impediment, which we overcome here by leveraging the advantages of an immersive wireless virtual reality (VR) environment with three-dimensional (3D) position tracking, together with simultaneous recording of eye movements and mobile electroencephalography (EEG). Using this approach with participants engaged in unencumbered walking along a clear, level path, we find that the likelihood of eye movements at both slow and natural walking speeds entrains to the rhythm of footfall, peaking after the heel-strike of each step. Compared to previous research, this entrainment was captured in a task that did not require visually guided stepping - suggesting a persistent interaction between locomotor and visuomotor functions. Simultaneous EEG recordings reveal a concomitant modulation entrained to heel-strike, with increases and decreases in oscillatory power for a broad range of frequencies. The peak of these effects occurred in the theta and alpha range for slow and natural walking speeds, respectively. Together, our data show that the phase of the step-cycle influences other behaviours such as eye movements, and produces related modulations of simultaneous EEG following the same rhythmic pattern. These results reveal gait as an important factor to be considered when interpreting saccadic and time-frequency EEG data in active observers, and demonstrate that saccadic entrainment to gait may persist throughout everyday activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Skills and cautiousness predict performance in difficult search 技能和谨慎程度可预测困难搜索中的表现。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Attention Perception & Psychophysics Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02923-5

Zoe Jing Xu, Simona Buetti, Yan Xia, Alejandro Lleras

{"title":"Skills and cautiousness predict performance in difficult search","authors":"Zoe Jing Xu, Simona Buetti, Yan Xia, Alejandro Lleras","doi":"10.3758/s13414-024-02923-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13414-024-02923-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People differ in how well they search. What are the factors that might contribute to this variability? We tested the contribution of two cognitive abilities: visual working memory (VWM) capacity and object recognition ability. Participants completed three tasks: a difficult inefficient visual search task, where they searched for a target letter <i>T</i> among skewed <i>L</i> distractors; a VWM task, where they memorized a color array and then identified whether a probed color belonged to the previous array; and the Novel Object Memory Test (NOMT), where they learnt complex novel objects and then identified them amongst objects that closely resembled them. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that there are two latent factors that explain the shared variance among these three tasks: a factor indicative of the level of caution participants exercised during the challenging visual search task, and a factor representing their visual cognitive abilities. People who score high on the search cautiousness tend to perform a more accurate but slower search. People who score high on the visual cognitive ability factor tend to have a higher VWM capacity, a better object recognition ability, and a faster search speed. The results reflect two points: (1) Visual search tasks share components with visual working memory and object recognition tasks. (2) Search performance is influenced not only by the search display’s properties but also by individual predispositions such as caution and general visual abilities. This study introduces new factors for consideration when interpreting variations in visual search behaviors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55433,"journal":{"name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0