Biological Conservation最新文献

{"title":"","authors":"Bayu Prabowo , Samila Febriati , Sunardi , S. Muh Agung","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 111513"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysing land cover patterns in relation to fencing of African national parks","authors":"Dirk P. Cilliers,&nbsp;Francois P. Retief,&nbsp;J. Ruhan Verster,&nbsp;Claudine Roos,&nbsp;Reece C. Alberts,&nbsp;Jurie Moolman","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protected area fencing is often viewed as a contentious issue. Fencing is a mechanism employed in many African protected areas to provide a clearly defined physical boundary and manage issues such as human-wildlife conflict. Although the patterns associated with fencing status have been widely discussed and debated in the literature, details on how it affects the physical landscape, as expressed by land cover, remain largely underexplored. In response, this research analyses land cover patterns in relation to the fencing status (fully fenced, partially fenced, and unfenced) for 60 African national parks. We compare land cover composition for 1 km buffer zones on both sides of national park boundaries across multiple years. Paired <em>t</em>-tests are conducted using per-park cross-year (2020–2024) averages, followed by a Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA, and finally, the calculation of a land cover diversity index. Results indicate that land cover patterns differ by fencing status (i.e., are often significantly correlated with fencing status) in the areas surrounding these national parks. Patterns were most pronounced in fenced parks, which showed a sharp contrast in land cover but became less significant towards unfenced parks. The research shows that the decision to fence or not fence a protected area is likely to have substantial implications for land cover patterns and should, therefore, be guided by clear, context-specific conservation goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 111516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental justice gaps in human-wildlife conflict research from a social-ecological systems perspective","authors":"Daniela Alba-Patiño ,&nbsp;Berta Martín-López ,&nbsp;Miguel Delibes-Mateos ,&nbsp;Juan M. Requena-Mullor ,&nbsp;Antonio J. Castro","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human–wildlife conflicts (HWCs) are increasingly prevalent and complex phenomena that often result in social tensions and environmental injustices. While the social–ecological systems (SES) perspective has been recently applied to understand the dynamics of HWC, little attention has been paid to how environmental justice is addressed in this field. This study presents a systematic review of 85 studies that analyse HWC using a SES lens, with the aim of examining to what extent these studies incorporate the three dimensions of environmental justice: distributive, procedural, and recognition justice. We assessed how social actors were identified, how benefits and cost were distributed, and how these actors were involved in both decision-making and research processes. Our findings reveal that most studies focused on mammals (58 %), and those human–human conflicts caused by human activities affecting wildlife populations and/or their habitats were the most frequently studied category (54 %). While local communities were commonly identified as social actors and resource losers, their participation in research was mostly limited to consultation, with few cases of collaboration or engagement. Moreover, the social actors identified as most affected by conflicts—those experiencing resource and livelihood losses—were not the same as those most involved in decision-making processes. These findings highlight the need to adopt more context-sensitive and justice-oriented approaches to address HWCs, enabling more equitable and effective conservation strategies. A social–ecological perspective helps to recognise the role of shifting social norms in conflict dynamics, while integrating environmental justice enables a deeper understanding of power imbalances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 111515"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forest cover outweighs restoration strategy in explaining Euglossini beta diversity in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil","authors":"Lázaro da Silva Carneiro ,&nbsp;Milton Cezar Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Taylor Ricketts ,&nbsp;Felipe Martello ,&nbsp;Wilson Frantine-Silva ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Gaglianone","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecosystem restoration is essential to recover biodiversity and to maintain ecosystem services. The outcomes of active and passive restoration strategies should be evaluated through ecological indicators, of which bees have been widely used. Orchid bees (Euglossini) are essential pollinators in Neotropical ecosystems and respond negatively to landscape disturbances. Understanding how forest cover (%) and landscape heterogeneity influence their communities is essential for guiding restoration efforts. Moreover, assessing how active restoration and natural regeneration shape the orchid bee community recovery compared to forest control sites is crucial for conservation strategies. We analyzed the effects of restoration strategy (active restoration and natural regeneration), forest cover (%), and landscape compositional heterogeneity on species composition and beta diversity components of euglossine communities in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. We found that forest cover (%) and landscape heterogeneity significantly influence species composition, turnover, and nestedness, while restoration strategy has no significant effect on bee communities. Landscapes with a higher forest cover (&gt; 50 %) supported forest-dependent species, while a low forest cover (&lt; 25 %) favored species with higher environmental plasticity. The turnover and nestedness components responded differently to variations in forest cover (%) and landscape heterogeneity, depending on the sites pairwise. In addition, while assessing the effect of forest cover (%) on species occurrence probability, we found a positive response for some euglossine bees, such as <em>Euglossa iopoecila</em> and <em>Euglossa ignita.</em> These results emphasize the role of forest restoration, regardless of the strategy, in recovering euglossine regional diversity and reestablishing ecosystem services. Our findings highlight the importance of increasing forest cover at the landscape scale to enhance the outcomes of active restoration and natural regeneration strategies, thereby supporting restoration success and biodiversity conservation in fragmented tropical landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 111509"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term research presence mitigates hunting pressure and shapes mammal communities in the Congo Basin","authors":"Nadia Balduccio ,&nbsp;Mattia Bessone ,&nbsp;Fabiola Iannarilli ,&nbsp;Francesco Rovero ,&nbsp;Barbara Fruth","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Overhunting in tropical African forests threatens wild mammal populations and consequently the livelihoods of local communities dependent on wild meat. Long-term research sites can help mitigate hunting pressure and support wildlife, yet their influence on mammal communities remains understudied. Since 2002, the LuiKotale Bonobo Project has operated in the buffer zone of Salonga National Park, Africa's largest protected forest area. The study site spans approximately 500 km², including areas reserved for research activities, and areas where hunting has taken place until recently. Using camera trapping data collected between June 2022 and August 2023, we assessed mammalian (1) diversity, (2) occupancy, (3) relative abundance and (4) community composition, in hunted vs. research areas. Species richness was higher in the research area (36 vs. 33 mammal species detected), while overall diversity was higher in the hunted forest. However, ungulates were 53 % more abundant in the research area, while rodent detections were 137 % higher in hunted zones, suggesting a shift in functional composition associated to subsistence hunting. Occupancy patterns revealed a non-linear association with distance from research camps and a linear, negative association with the number of human signs, with the highest occupancy probabilities predicted at intermediate distances and in areas of lower human disturbance. These findings highlight the influential role long-term research sites play in shaping mammal communities and emphasize the need for conservation strategies that effectively balance biodiversity preservation with local access to resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 111502"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary natural vegetation gains in the Atlantic Forest do not offset losses of carbon stocks and conservation of priority areas","authors":"Ramon Felipe Bicudo da Silva ,&nbsp;James D.A. Millington ,&nbsp;Dou Yue ,&nbsp;Maurício Humberto Vancine ,&nbsp;Luiz Fernando Silva Magnago ,&nbsp;Andrés Viña ,&nbsp;Fu Bin ,&nbsp;Margarita Huesca ,&nbsp;Simone Aparecida Viera ,&nbsp;Jianguo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since secondary natural vegetation cover (NVC) constitutes an important factor for the provision of ecosystem services (e.g., helping to tackle both the climate and biodiversity crises), understanding its dynamics is essential for effective forest restoration. Yet, this has seldom been evaluated in prior studies. We examined 37 years (1985–2021) of primary NVC loss, secondary NVC dynamics (persistent and ephemeral regeneration), and their impacts on carbon stocks and on the conservation of priority areas in Brazil's Atlantic Forest biome, a global biodiversity hotspot. We developed a new framework analyzing spatial landscape configurations over time, and found that Atlantic Forest NVC decreased by 4.2 Mha driven by a gross loss of 12.8 Mha of primary NVC (~1.4 Gt of carbon lost). Secondary NVC gained 8.6 Mha (~0.170 Gt of carbon, with potential for ~0.987 Gt in 80 years) but ephemeral regeneration (i.e., loss of secondary NVC) resulted in a loss of 3.8 Mha. Deforestation caused a net loss of 1.2 Mha in priority conservation areas. Results of this study demonstrate that understanding the dynamics of ephemeral regeneration is important for evaluating restoration efforts and ecosystem services in the Atlantic Forest. Our study also demonstrates that secondary forest regeneration plays an important role in reconnecting landscapes, although its instability threatens biodiversity and ecosystem services as it fails to offset the loss of primary vegetation. Thus, halting deforestation remains the single most urgent and vital action to prevent irreversible biodiversity loss and reduce carbon emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 111512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of pet–wildlife interactions: Bridging the gap between EU animal welfare and nature conservation laws","authors":"Miguel Ángel Gómez-Serrano","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Public awareness of animal conservation has evolved over time. The social approach to animal conservation is becoming increasingly polarized, with conflicting perceptions of conservation among conservationists, the public, and policymakers. While there is some overlap between the goals of animal welfare advocates and wildlife conservationists, priorities remain misaligned, especially were companion and wild animals interact. These differences in priorities and frameworks can create significant challenges when addressing conservation strategies that involve the interaction of pets and wild animals. This article examines the divergent objectives of animal welfare advocates, traditionally focused on domestic species, and those of wildlife conservation. It reviews the main impacts resulting from interactions between pets and wild animals—whether due to feralization, free-roaming, or pet walking in natural habitats—and proposes strategies to harmonize legislative approaches to these conflicts within the legal and political framework of the European Union (EU). This can be implemented by amending these directives, or through mandatory European regulations. At the same time, the incipient development of animal welfare legislation in the EU allows us to rethink how to address the impact of pets on wildlife, both from the perspective of owners' responsibility to prevent their pets from free-roaming or becoming feral, and in terms of mechanisms to reduce their impact (e.g. euthanasia). While it would be reasonable to focus on the robustness of European nature protection directives and their strict enforcement, EU member states continue to evade this responsibility. Therefore, it is essential to secure a firmer commitment from European authorities to strengthen and enforce legislation that protects wild animals from domestic ones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 111505"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociology contributions to wildlife studies: A wildlife health focus","authors":"Helen Masterman-Smith ,&nbsp;Andrew Peters ,&nbsp;John Rafferty","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines the emerging field of wildlife sociology, emphasising the potential of a social model of conservation to foster increased public engagement in wildlife health. Our illustrative literature review of some wildlife sociology articles (<em>n</em> = 52) explored the scope of this field, and the research approaches and sociological analyses commonly employed. Our analysis focused on three key areas: the application of sociological imagination, the applicability of social model of conservation themes adapted from the ‘social model of health,’ and public willingness and ability to help wildlife. Our illustrative review found that despite being in its early stages, and the research approaches mainly consisting of exploratory and case study research, the scope of field is expanding. Regarding the application of the sociological imagination, the cultural and structural lenses are garnering more attention than the historical and critical lenses. With respect to social model of health themes, social construction and social organisation aspects of wildlife issues are receiving greater attention than social inequality, social production, and social distribution themes. We found just six articles on public willingness and ability to help wildlife, compared to a preponderance of studies concerning negative human-wildlife interactions, illustrating an important gap in sociology's contribution to wildlife studies, which could assist further exploration of a social model of conservation and its potential to foster public support for wildlife health. Such a model could echo the advancements seen in human health outcomes following its shift from a largely bioscientific model to a social model in the 1940s, with important assistance from the sociology discipline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 111508"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking wildlife conservation with Nature's Contributions to People: The case of the European wildcat in German protected forests","authors":"Svenja Dobelmann ,&nbsp;Michael Thiel ,&nbsp;Janina Kleemann","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forests provide essential benefits to human well-being, referred to as Nature's Contributions to People (NCP), including carbon storage, water filtration, biodiversity, and recreation. However, increasing human activities and land use changes have degraded wildlife habitats, threatening biodiversity and reducing NCP. This study presents a novel approach to assessing NCP by integrating keystone species-specific habitat assessment. It explores the synergies and trade-offs between the conservation of the European wildcat (<em>Felis silvestris silvestris</em>), an umbrella species promoting large and connected forest habitats, and the supply of forest-related NCP in German protected forests. Key factors influencing wildcat habitats are identified and their overlap with four selected NCP—carbon sequestration, water retention, timber potential, and recreation— are analyzed using remote sensing methodologies, including species distribution modelling and the InVEST water yield model, and statistical analysis, including correlations, spatial congruence, and k-means clustering, to assess synergies and trade-offs. The wildcat habitat model (AUC = 0.814) indicates that suitable habitats are structurally complex, densely forested landscapes that are distant from urban areas and roads but near agricultural land. Wildcat habitat provision shows a synergy with timber potential (ρ = 0.505) but low-to-moderate effects with other NCP (ρ range from −0.050 to 0.138). ANOVA results (<em>p</em> &lt; 2.2e-16) indicate that national parks provide higher NCP levels than biosphere reserves and nature parks in the study areas. The results demonstrate that wildcat habitat provision does not conflict with other NCP, paving the way for further wildlife conservation measures and the establishment of more protection zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 111506"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying divergence time and paleoclimate change hotspots for better conservation under future climate change","authors":"Yuheng Chen ,&nbsp;Jonas J. Lembrechts ,&nbsp;Yann Hautier ,&nbsp;Dongfan Xu ,&nbsp;Yao Li ,&nbsp;Yuran Dong ,&nbsp;Lingfeng Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Predicting species distributions under climate change is essential for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management. However, the role of species' divergence and paleoclimate dynamics in shaping their present-day ranges and their responses to future warming is often overlooked. To fill this gap, we first applied species distribution models and climatic- niche analysis to characterize the current range size, marginality and sensitivity of 2933 Chinese endemic species, and predict their range change for the 2070s under two emission scenarios. Next, we quantified and compared the proportional shifts in future range size between regions identified as ‘divergence hotspots’ (areas of deep evolutionary lineage splitting) and ‘paleoclimate-change hotspots’ (regions that have experienced intense climatic fluctuations since the Last Glacial Maximum). We found that the historical processes of species shape the current distribution patterns and predict future range changes through multiple direct and indirect pathways. Species in long-stable ‘museum areas’ and climatic refuges are projected to contract further, while those from regions of high-intensity paleoclimate change may actually expand. We reveal the importance of the species historical processes in shaping their distributions and climate adaptation. Identifying divergence and paleoclimate change hotspots will help us better protect species and plan protected areas under future climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 111499"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}