Biological Conservation最新文献

{"title":"","authors":"Mukhlis Ibrahim , Alif Haidir Adana , Riza Fachrizal , Alimah Putri Milania","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 111081"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Active Management of high conservation value forests may erode biodiversity and damage ecosystems","authors":"David Lindenmayer ,&nbsp;Philip Zylstra ,&nbsp;Chad T. Hanson ,&nbsp;Diana Six ,&nbsp;Dominick A. DellaSala","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increase in extent and severity of disturbances such as wildfires and insect outbreaks in forests globally has led to calls for greater levels of “Active Management” (AM), including in High Conservation Value Forests (HCVF) such as old growth stands. AM includes such activities as thinning, selective logging of large trees (that are sometimes fire resistant), post-disturbance (salvage) logging, recurrent prescribed burning, and road building; singularly or in combinations. We urge caution when implementing these aspects of AM, especially in HCVF such as old growth stands, intact areas, and complex early seral forests. This is because AM may have substantial impacts on ecosystem conditions and biodiversity, and could amplify subsequent natural disturbances. We illustrate potential impacts of AM in HCVF in case studies from western North America and south-eastern Australia. AM has overlooked or downplayed collateral ecosystem damages in HCVF, including: (1) habitat needs of at-risk species, (2) thinning effects on ecosystem function, carbon emissions and biodiversity, (3) the role of stand-replacing or partial stand-replacing natural disturbances (e.g. wildfire, insect outbreaks) that produce complex early seral habitats, and (4) extensive road networks with associated impacts. We argue the underlying science to support AM may be lacking in some cases and that more scrutiny is needed to ensure objectives are supported by rigorous science, including transparency in identifying collateral damages and ways to mitigate them. Large reference areas such as extensive old growth stands are needed to assess the cumulative impacts of AM, especially in in HCVF where its potential effects on biodiversity are greatest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 111071"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reptile assemblages in eastern Mediterranean maquis are shaped by climate, land management, habitat structure and a novel threat of egret predation","authors":"Roy Talbi ,&nbsp;Yoni Gavish ,&nbsp;Ido Izhaki ,&nbsp;Avi Bar-Massada","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mediterranean landscapes have been shaped by millennia of human activities, but recent land use changes resulted in the loss of open habitats and the introduction of a novel predator, the cattle egret (<em>Bublucus ibis</em>). These processes may specifically affect reptiles, so we investigated their impacts on reptile communities in 272 maquis in Northern Israel. We collected data on climate, land use, land cover, and potential egret predation pressure, and modelled their effects on reptile species abundance, richness, and turnover. Reptile abundance increased in colder, wetter and higher sites whereas species richness peaked in sites with intermediate geoclimatic conditions. Both abundance and richness were positively associated with goat grazing. Reptile species known to be preyed upon by egrets exhibited lower abundance at sites with high egret predation pressure. Total reptile abundance, egret-prey abundance, and reptile richness tended to be higher in sites with intermediate cover of woody vegetation. Species turnover was weakly related to variation in climate and habitat variables. In sum, maquis reptile assemblages are shaped by an interplay of climate, land use, habitat structure, and predation risk. Consequently, climate warming may lead to abundance declines in drier sites and some reptile habitats are deteriorating in the absence of goat grazing. Alarmingly, a novel threat manifested by the expansion of cattle egrets can have adverse effects on the abundance of egret-sensitive species. Collectively, these processes highlight reptile communities as an emerging conservation concern in maquis ecosystems exposed to land use and climate change, specifically where cattle egrets are prevalent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 111072"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiversity governance in Latin America: Analyzing the role and relevance of non-state and sub-national cooperative initiatives","authors":"Aline F.M. Cavalcante ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Negacz ,&nbsp;Philipp Pattberg","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-state actors have long been recognized as key players in addressing biodiversity loss and have recently gained prominence in formal international biodiversity governance. Their efforts can be categorized as cooperative initiatives, which encompass a wide array of programs, projects, and partnerships dedicated to biodiversity protection. However, the current understanding of these cooperative initiatives is predominantly based on mappings derived from English-language sources. To bridge this gap, we aim to enhance the understanding of the institutional landscape of biodiversity governance in Latin America by exploring information in Spanish and Portuguese. To achieve this, we collected data from an existing database, focusing on initiatives operating in Latin America. Additionally, we conducted targeted searches on Google using Spanish and Portuguese keywords related to biodiversity to identify further initiatives. Our analysis included descriptive statistics of variables such as the types of actors involved, their connection to biodiversity, their roles, and accountability mechanisms. The findings reveal that Brazil, Colombia, and Peru host the highest number of initiatives, while Cuba, Venezuela, and Paraguay host the fewest. Civil society organizations emerge as the most active participants, whereas businesses are the least engaged. Most initiatives focus on governance functions such as information sharing and networking, with limited attention to financing. Moreover, accountability mechanisms are generally underdeveloped, and only a few initiatives explicitly reference the Convention on Biological Diversity or the Sustainable Development Goals. These results offer insights into the drivers and mechanisms of these initiatives and their contributions to biodiversity protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 111053"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protected area edges host more warm-dwelling bird communities than the rest of the landscape","authors":"Leena Hintsanen ,&nbsp;Emma-Liina Marjakangas ,&nbsp;Andrea Santangeli ,&nbsp;Aleksi Lehikoinen","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protected areas can mitigate climate-driven changes in species' abundances and community compositions. However, protected areas vary in size and habitat composition as do areas outside them. Our knowledge of how ecological communities are changing in a landscape under climate change and at the interface between protected and unprotected land is scarce. Here, we evaluated if the temperature niche composition of bird communities changed with the distance to the protected area edge, and whether this change was mediated by habitat type and heterogeneity. We used long-term monitoring data on breeding birds from Canada during 1997–2019. We analysed the variation in average temperature niche of bird communities' using the community temperature index (CTI) that allows quantifying the relative dominance of warm- or cold-dwelling species, and the impact of environmental change on communities' thermal signature. We found a lower CTI value indicating dominance of cold-dwelling species in the core of protected areas and far outside them, while edges are characterised by warmer-dwelling communities. Over time, we observed a similar increase in CTI inside and outside protected areas. CTI change over time depended on the habitat type, with fastest shifts in broadleaf forests. Our results suggest that the management of the entire landscape, habitat type and edge distance, may mediate climate change responses of wildlife communities. Minimising the edge effect of protected areas under climate change will be key, especially for preserving cold-adapted wildlife communities at high latitudes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 111070"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroalgae and mobile reef invertebrates face high extinction risk","authors":"Olivia J. Johnson ,&nbsp;Freddie J. Heather ,&nbsp;Jemina Stuart-Smith ,&nbsp;Rick D. Stuart-Smith ,&nbsp;Camille Mellin ,&nbsp;Graham J. Edgar","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identification of threatened species in the marine environment is hindered by high access costs and difficulties collecting population trend and geographical distribution data. These challenges have resulted in a poor coverage of marine species among assessments for the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, reducing the potential value of the Red List for guiding conservation action in marine systems, including rocky and coral reefs. To quantify knowledge gaps in reef species threat assessments, we assessed population trends for 626 common shallow reef species at 869 sites around Australia from 1992 to 2024 using time series data from standardised ecological monitoring programs. A total of 82 of 229 species (36 %) with declining populations had rates of decadal decline that would qualify them as threatened based on Red List criteria. Over a third (38 %, <em>n</em> = 31/82) of these provisionally threatened species are endemic to the study region (Australia), with 5 currently listed as Least Concern and 26 Not Evaluated. Temperate macroalgae (12 species) and mobile macro-invertebrates (23 species: 14 Echinoderms, 8 Gastropods, 1 Malacostracan) are over-represented among provisionally threatened species and under-represented on the Red List. Expansion of monitoring and reporting programs, and more timely risk assessments that lead to improved management strategies, are required to better accommodate threats affecting speciose marine taxa, with the ultimate goal to allow proactive management, thereby reducing extinction risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 111052"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global distribution, threats and population trends of the critically endangered Balearic shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus","authors":"Andrés De la Cruz ,&nbsp;Jorge M. Pereira ,&nbsp;Gonzalo M. Arroyo ,&nbsp;Jaime A. Ramos ,&nbsp;Hany Alonso ,&nbsp;José Manuel Arcos ,&nbsp;Beneharo Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Juan Bécares ,&nbsp;Fernando Ramos ,&nbsp;Jorge Tornero ,&nbsp;Camilo Saavedra ,&nbsp;José Antonio Vázquez ,&nbsp;Isabel García-Barón ,&nbsp;Amaia Astarloa ,&nbsp;Maite Louzao ,&nbsp;Sophie Laran ,&nbsp;Ghislain Dorémus ,&nbsp;James Waggitt ,&nbsp;Vitor H. Paiva","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Knowledge of the spatial distribution and population trends of threatened species is essential to improve their conservation status. We analysed a 21-year dataset (2000−2020) with at-sea counts of the critically endangered Balearic shearwater (<em>Puffinus mauretanicus</em>) to understand its distribution, habitat suitability, population trends, overlap with threats such as fisheries and offshore marine renewables, and overlap with Marine Protected Areas (MPAs).</div><div>Our study reveals higher densities of Balearic shearwaters along the eastern Spanish coast, Balearic Islands, and the Atlantic Iberian coast, with recent expansion into the Celtic Sea, English Channel, and southern North Sea, indicating a northward shift in distribution. Species distribution models identified distance to coast and colony, bathymetry, and sea surface temperature as key predictors of habitat suitability. Population trends indicate a concerning decline in the Mediterranean and Atlantic Iberian coast, with a recent increase in northern Europe, though insufficient to offset declines in the main areas.</div><div>Fisheries, particularly gillnets and purse seines, pose significant threats across the species' range. There is a critical need for data on artisanal longline fisheries to enhance threat assessments. Emerging threats from offshore wind farms do not appear to overlap with the species' primary distribution, but further investigation is needed. Although MPAs partially cover its range, their overlap is low, highlighting the need to update protected area networks and implement management plans.</div><div>This study provides a global view of the distribution, habitat suitability, key threats, and population trends of the Balearic shearwater, offering crucial insights for the conservation of this critically endangered species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 111047"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small populations, big challenges: Genetic, demographic, and landscape context collectively shape population performance of a perennial herb","authors":"Sina Bohm ,&nbsp;Niamh Kelly ,&nbsp;Maarten Postuma ,&nbsp;Niels C.A.M. Wagemaker ,&nbsp;Sharon ter Haar ,&nbsp;Jeroen Scheper ,&nbsp;Philippine Vergeer","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Habitat loss and fragmentation have led to smaller and more isolated plant populations, impacting population performance through changes in genetic processes, demographic structure, and pollinator availability. Understanding the interactive effects of these factors is crucial for sustaining and restoring viable populations. This study analysed the genetic structure of natural populations of the long-lived herb <em>Primula elatior</em> and investigated plant and population reproductive performance in relation to population size, floral morph type ratios, genetic diversity, pollinator abundance, and landscape context. Plant reproductive performance was measured in 33 natural populations in the Netherlands and related to population size and genetic diversity. Additionally, the landscape context, <em>i.e.,</em> surface cover estimates of different land-use types, was assessed. Pollinator surveys were performed in a subset of 15 populations. Genetic divergence increased with geographic distance between populations. Structure analysis identified five genetic clusters corresponding to geographic regions. Genetic diversity was strongly positively correlated with population size but was not significantly associated with plant reproductive performance measures. Plant reproductive performance was however affected by floral morph ratio, pollinator abundance, and forest cover within 1000 m. Seed production increased with a more balanced floral morph ratio and higher pollinator abundance, and showed a unimodal relationship with the percentage of forest cover within 1000 m around the survey site. This study demonstrates that both floral morph ratio and landscape context simultaneously influence population performance and impose pressures particularly on small populations. This study underscores the need to adopt a landscape-oriented perspective to fully comprehend population performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 111044"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoring aboveground trophic diversity contributes to belowground microbial diversity in drylands","authors":"Jana Stewart ,&nbsp;Nathali Machado de Lima ,&nbsp;David J. Eldridge ,&nbsp;Rebecca West ,&nbsp;Richard T. Kingsford","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trophic cascades in ecology are vital for restoration and conservation management of ecosystems. However, their contribution to belowground microbial diversity remains poorly understood. We examined the microbial contributions of aboveground organisms, at different trophic levels to the soil microbiome, within a rewilded arid environment. We selected five trophic organisms which interacted with or inhabited the soil: <em>Acacia ligulata</em> rhizosphere (primary producer), ants (primary consumer), two omnivorous mammal species (secondary consumers), a carnivorous mammal species (tertiary consumer), and collected soil from the rewilding area and a control (not rewilded) area. Next generation sequencing of 16S and 18S rRNA genes was used to identify bacteria, fungi and micro-eukaryotes, significantly different between the rewilded soil and control soil, and also varying in presence and composition among the five trophic organisms. We identified 49 bacterial taxa, significantly different in abundance in the rewilded soil, compared to the control soil. These taxa also occurred in one of the secondary consumers and the tertiary consumer. Fungal and micro-eukaryotic sequences were very low in soil samples, with no differentiation between rewilded and control areas. We found potential for top-down influences on the soil from rewilding, with the rewilded mammals hosting different functional groups of consumer protists and arthropod pathogens. Rewilded secondary consumers hosted saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi, and the tertiary consumer hosted dominant generalist fungi. Our results identified changes in composition of key dryland soil taxa from rewilding, through direct and indirect interactions with the soil, underlining the value of trophic rewilding to improve restoration success of soil in drylands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 111056"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential and limitations of turtle farming to contribute to conservation in the Brazilian Amazon","authors":"Marilene V.S. Brazil ,&nbsp;Willandia A. Chaves ,&nbsp;Marcelo D. Vidal ,&nbsp;Aline S. Tavares ,&nbsp;David S. Wilcove","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Consumption of wildlife provides many rural residents with access to diverse and nutritious food, but this practice persists in urban areas. In the Brazilian Amazon, high demand for freshwater turtles has led to a growing number of management projects (e.g., protection of nesting beaches) in recent decades. National regulations were also established to allow wildlife farming as a conservation strategy, with a focus on turtles. Amazonas state (Brazil) has the largest turtle farm production output in Brazil, making it well-suited to evaluate the effectiveness of turtle farms in contributing to conservation. We evaluated three criteria for farming to contribute to conservation, as proposed by previous research: (1) whether farmed turtles are substitutes for wild-caught turtles, by looking at people's choices and perceptions of farmed versus wild-caught turtles; (2) whether prices of farmed turtles can compete with prices of wild-caught turtles; and (3) whether the current output from farms is large enough to have a significant effect on the current consumption of turtles. Our findings indicate that while turtle farms may meet the price criterion, people's choices of wild over farmed turtles hinder turtle farms from contributing to conservation. In addition, statewide farm production is approximately 2600 turtles annually. This covers about 2.5 % of consumption in studied sites, based on conservative estimates of one turtle consumed per household annually. Our results suggest that, as it currently stands, there is no evidence that turtle farming is making a significant contribution to the conservation of wild turtle populations in the Brazilian Amazon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 111055"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}