Forest cover outweighs restoration strategy in explaining Euglossini beta diversity in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111509

Lázaro da Silva Carneiro , Milton Cezar Ribeiro , Taylor Ricketts , Felipe Martello , Wilson Frantine-Silva , Maria Cristina Gaglianone

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Ecosystem restoration is essential to recover biodiversity and to maintain ecosystem services. The outcomes of active and passive restoration strategies should be evaluated through ecological indicators, of which bees have been widely used. Orchid bees (Euglossini) are essential pollinators in Neotropical ecosystems and respond negatively to landscape disturbances. Understanding how forest cover (%) and landscape heterogeneity influence their communities is essential for guiding restoration efforts. Moreover, assessing how active restoration and natural regeneration shape the orchid bee community recovery compared to forest control sites is crucial for conservation strategies. We analyzed the effects of restoration strategy (active restoration and natural regeneration), forest cover (%), and landscape compositional heterogeneity on species composition and beta diversity components of euglossine communities in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. We found that forest cover (%) and landscape heterogeneity significantly influence species composition, turnover, and nestedness, while restoration strategy has no significant effect on bee communities. Landscapes with a higher forest cover (> 50 %) supported forest-dependent species, while a low forest cover (< 25 %) favored species with higher environmental plasticity. The turnover and nestedness components responded differently to variations in forest cover (%) and landscape heterogeneity, depending on the sites pairwise. In addition, while assessing the effect of forest cover (%) on species occurrence probability, we found a positive response for some euglossine bees, such as Euglossa iopoecila and Euglossa ignita. These results emphasize the role of forest restoration, regardless of the strategy, in recovering euglossine regional diversity and reestablishing ecosystem services. Our findings highlight the importance of increasing forest cover at the landscape scale to enhance the outcomes of active restoration and natural regeneration strategies, thereby supporting restoration success and biodiversity conservation in fragmented tropical landscapes.

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森林覆盖比恢复策略更能解释巴西大西洋森林中Euglossini β的多样性

生态系统恢复对恢复生物多样性和维持生态系统服务至关重要。主动和被动恢复策略的效果应通过生态指标进行评价，其中蜜蜂已被广泛使用。兰花蜂是新热带生态系统中重要的传粉媒介，对景观干扰反应消极。了解森林覆盖率（%）和景观异质性如何影响其群落，对于指导恢复工作至关重要。此外，与森林控制地点相比，评估主动恢复和自然更新如何影响兰蜂群落的恢复对保护策略至关重要。以巴西大西洋森林为研究对象，分析了恢复策略（主动恢复和自然更新）、森林覆盖率（%）和景观组成异质性对桉树群落物种组成和β多样性组成的影响。研究发现，森林覆盖度和景观异质性显著影响物种组成、周转和巢性，而恢复策略对蜜蜂群落的影响不显著。高森林覆盖率（50%）的景观有利于森林依赖型物种，低森林覆盖率（25%）的景观有利于具有较高环境可塑性的物种。周转量和筑巢度对森林覆盖（%）和景观异质性的响应随立地的不同而不同。此外，在评估森林覆盖率（%）对物种发生概率的影响时，我们发现一些Euglossa iopoecila和Euglossa ignita蜜蜂有积极的响应。这些结果强调了森林恢复在恢复植物区域多样性和重建生态系统服务方面的作用，无论采取何种策略。我们的研究结果强调了在景观尺度上增加森林覆盖对提高主动恢复和自然更新策略的效果的重要性，从而支持破碎热带景观的恢复成功和生物多样性保护。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biological Conservation 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

10.20

自引率

3.40%

发文量

295

审稿时长

61 days

期刊介绍： Biological Conservation is an international leading journal in the discipline of conservation biology. The journal publishes articles spanning a diverse range of fields that contribute to the biological, sociological, and economic dimensions of conservation and natural resource management. The primary aim of Biological Conservation is the publication of high-quality papers that advance the science and practice of conservation, or which demonstrate the application of conservation principles for natural resource management and policy. Therefore it will be of interest to a broad international readership.