Global Change Biology Bioenergy最新文献

{"title":"Assessing Feedstock Availability and Economic Feasibility of Utilizing Forest Biomass for Biochar Production in Stationary and Portable Systems in Michigan","authors":"Nafisa N. Ahmed,&nbsp;Raju Pokharel,&nbsp;Jessica Miesel,&nbsp;Christopher M. Saffron","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The accumulation of small-diameter and low-value trees and logging residues can negatively impact forest health by increasing the risks of pests, diseases, and wildfires. Biochar production presents a potential solution by creating markets for these underutilized resources. However, there is limited information on market dynamics and the influence of subregional conditions on the use of forest biomass for biochar. The study identified potential locations for biochar production and developed procurement zones using delivered wood prices to evaluate biomass availability and biochar application. The minimum selling prices (MSP) for biochar were calculated for local applications to assess the cost savings. Under a baseline scenario with an average delivered biomass price of $23.25 per green ton, stationary facilities produced 71% more biochar than the estimated requirements in the Upper Peninsula (UP) but only 10% more in the Lower Peninsula (LP). Portable units, however, produced less biochar than the required application in both regions, with deficits of 4% in the UP and 50% in the LP. While stationary facilities are more cost-effective and scalable, portable units can procure more biomass and offer greater opportunities for land application of biochar. Despite a lower MSP for stationary facilities, portable units could provide a more economical option by reducing investment costs and risks. The study recommends establishing portable units in the UP and stationary facilities in the LP to optimize forest biomass procurement and biochar production in Michigan. This analysis contributes to understanding resource availability and the potential utilization of forest biomass for biochar in Michigan.</p>","PeriodicalId":55126,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology Bioenergy","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcbb.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating Biochar Into Biogeochemical Models: Achievements and Challenges","authors":"Amanda Ronix,&nbsp;Eduardo Carvalho da Silva Neto,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri,&nbsp;Agnieszka Ewa Latawiec,&nbsp;João Luís Nunes Carvalho","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the last two decades, several studies have utilized biogeochemical models to evaluate the impact of different edaphoclimatic conditions on soil carbon storage and the dynamics of soil organic carbon. At the same time, biochar, a carbon-rich material obtained from the pyrolysis of biomass residues, has been identified as a promising carbon sequestration material. However, current models do not adequately incorporate the role of biochar in soil management. In this context, the current state of research on biogeochemical models that include the entry of biochar into soil has been characterized. The research indicated that the development of studies on the topic “biochar” is widely explored, with 4259 papers being identified using the first search filter. Specifically, searching for studies that mentioned terms related to biogeochemical models for estimating soil carbon stock, it was observed that a small number of the studies (<i>N</i> = 46) considered the entry of biochar into the models. Although most studies have used the RothC model to simulate biochar within biogeochemical models, biochar inputs have also been implemented in APSIM, EPIC, Century, DNDC, and other models, including those not primarily focused on soil carbon stock estimation. Among these studies, the minority included the results of calibration and validation of the models, which are paramount for the model's credibility. Therefore, efforts must be concentrated on solving the lack of valuable data to validate the models. Data from long-term field experiments that consider interactions between crop and climate conditions are highly desirable. The possibility of increasing carbon stocks by incorporating biochar into the soil could promote environmental and financial gains, and biogeochemical models that consider the incorporation of biochar are valuable tools for decision-makers.</p>","PeriodicalId":55126,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology Bioenergy","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcbb.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burning Up the Carbon Sink: How the EU's Forest Biomass Policy Undermines Climate Mitigation","authors":"M. S. Booth,&nbsp;J. Giuntoli","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While burning wood for heat and electricity constitutes the largest source of renewable energy in the EU, forest biomass harvesting is weakening the EU's forest carbon sink, and some Member States have lost their net forest sink completely, including heavily forested countries like Estonia and Finland. A European Commission 2016 impact assessment for bioenergy under the EU's Renewable Energy Directive predicted the forest sink would shrink as biomass use increased, even if sustainability criteria were required. Nonetheless, the EU adopted criteria that consider “sustainable” forest biomass to have zero carbon emissions, rendering EU and UK treatment of biomass inconsistent with IPCC's Guidance for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Renewable energy incentives have increased biomass use for electricity generation 1100% since 1990, but residential heating, which is ungoverned by any criteria, still represents the largest use of wood for energy in the EU. Incentives for bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), which is intended to deliver “negative emissions,” will likely increase pressure on forests. Although IPCC Guidance is clear that BECCS fueled with forest biomass does not remove net CO₂ from the atmosphere just because carbon has been stored belowground, EU and UK climate policies rely on large-scale deployment of BECCS to meet climate targets. Bioenergy use cuts across environmental, energy, and climate policy domains; thus, reversing the accelerating decline of the forest carbon sink will require significantly better integration of renewable energy policies with climate targets and ensuring that biomass policies are aligned with international emissions reporting. Policymakers can reduce pressure on forests by disqualifying forest biomass from counting toward renewable energy targets, reducing subsidies for wood-burning, and adopting forest management policies that prioritize carbon sequestration and biodiversity. Reducing biomass harvesting and reallocating the billions currently spent on bioenergy subsidies to solar, wind, and geothermal energy is essential for restoring forests and achieving climate targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":55126,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology Bioenergy","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcbb.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing Marginal-Land-Based Bioeconomy Systems—A Design and Development Approach for Bio-Based Value Chains and Webs","authors":"Valentin Schlecht,&nbsp;Ricardo Vargas-Carpintero,&nbsp;Moritz von Cossel,&nbsp;Iris Lewandowski","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Industrial crops grown on marginal lands offer a potential source of low-iLUC feedstock for bio-based industries, supporting sustainable bioeconomic development. However, marginal-land-based bioeconomy systems face significant uncertainties at early stages, such as limited data, farmers' hesitancy to adopt novel crops, undeveloped markets and immature technologies. This study implements an integrated multi-criteria framework as a structured, multi-step approach to connect bio-based value chain components and stakeholders in marginal-land-based bioeconomy systems at the research level. The framework was applied within the EU Horizon project MIDAS to identify, evaluate and combine bio-based value chain components, with a case study in the Swabian Alb (southern Germany) demonstrating its potential for designing scalable bio-based value chains tailored to regional conditions. Key findings emphasise the importance of stakeholder collaboration, iterative design processes and context-specific criteria that address technical, economic, social and regulatory aspects. The approach, based on qualitative data and stakeholder input, offers critical insights into the feasibility of biomass-to-product pathways and serves as a foundation for advanced research. Future research needs to focus on expanding data availability, incorporating quantitative methods, and addressing economic and market factors, such as stakeholder willingness to produce feedstocks, to enhance the scalability and robustness of the findings and facilitate the establishment of sustainable bioeconomy systems on marginal lands.</p>","PeriodicalId":55126,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology Bioenergy","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcbb.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioenergy Production From Sugarcane Straw: Implications for Soil-Related Ecosystem Services","authors":"Carlos Roberto Pinheiro Junior,&nbsp;João Luís Nunes Carvalho,&nbsp;Lucas Pecci Canisares,&nbsp;Ricardo de Oliveira Bordonal,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri,&nbsp;Maurício Roberto Cherubin","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sugarcane straw removal for bioenergy production—especially second-generation ethanol—is shown to be a promising pathway for decarbonization. However, indiscriminate straw removal can negatively affect soil-related ecosystem services (SES), compromising the sustainability of the associated bioenergy production. Here, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to select and quantify the changes in agronomic and environmental indicators affected by low (≤ 1/3), moderate (&gt; 1/3 to ≤ 2/3), and high (&gt; 2/3) straw removal levels and the consequential impacts on eight SES. A quali-quantitative approach was developed to generate an impact matrix that provides the direction of the effects (negative, neutral, or positive) and the associated confidence levels. Overall, the lowest impact on SES occurs under low straw removal with a neutral effect on C storage, nutrient cycling, weed control, greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation, and provision of food and bioenergy. Water regulation, erosion control, and maintenance of soil biodiversity were the SES most negatively affected by straw removal. Moderate and high levels of straw removal negatively impact the maintenance of SES and compromise the sustainability of sugarcane cultivation areas, except for pest control and soil GHG emission mitigation. Finally, it was also discussed how the negative impacts of straw removal on SES could be mitigated or even reversed through the adoption of best management practices, such as cover crops, organic amendments, biological products (e.g., use of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi), reduced tillage, and machinery traffic control. Ultimately, the results of this study can be useful to guide decision-making by farmers, investors, stakeholders, and policymakers toward sustainable bioenergy production that contributes to a low-carbon economy and climate change mitigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":55126,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology Bioenergy","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcbb.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Methane Production Through Co-Digestion of Sewage Sludge, Citrus Waste and Brewery Spend Grain With Natural Zeolite: Mechanisms and Microbiome Analysis","authors":"Aleksandra Szaja,&nbsp;Agnieszka Montusiewicz,&nbsp;Agnieszka Cydzik-Kwiatkowska,&nbsp;Sylwia Pasieczna-Patkowska,&nbsp;Magdalena Lebiocka","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The presented research is focused on evaluating the influence of adding clinoptilolite (Z) on the multi-component co-digestion (AcoD) of sewage sludge (SS), citrus waste represented by orange peel (OP) and brewery spent grain (BSG). The experiments were conducted under mesophilic conditions at 37°C in batch mode; 7 series with differing feedstock configurations were performed. The positive effect of Z was shown in each configuration, most strongly with SS:OP:BSG:Z. The production of methane was enhanced by 81%, in comparison to the co-digestion of SS:OP:BSG without Z, reaching 362.4 mL CH₄/g volatile solids (VS). The kinetics was also improved as the methane production rate increased to a similar extent, amounting to 17.3 mL CH₄/g VS d. Moreover, it was observed that the lag phase was shortened and the contents of both limonene and phenols were reduced. The composition of the microbial communities was significantly altered by the addition of Z in AcoD of SS:OP and SS:OP:BSG. Therein, a unique microbiome structure with the highest percentage of unidentified sequences was found. The beneficial effect of Z was multifaceted and related to the reduction of the stress caused by the presence of limonene and phenols as well as the syntrophic relation between the microorganisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":55126,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology Bioenergy","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcbb.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar Production From Vineyard Pruning Waste by Oxidative Torrefaction","authors":"Gizem Özer,&nbsp;Neslihan Duranay","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The torrefaction process for producing biochar from waste biomass has garnered significant attention in recent years. However, economic constraints hinder the broader adoption of this process. One such constraint is the requirement for an inert atmosphere during torrefaction. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of torrefying vineyard pruning waste in an oxygen-rich environment. Torrefaction of waste vine shoots was conducted in a fixed-bed reactor, utilizing a carrier gas medium with varying O₂ concentrations (0% to 21%) at process temperatures of 220°C, 250°C, and 280°C. Proximate and elemental analyses revealed that the torrefaction temperature is the key variable influencing biochar yield. Moreover, under mild torrefaction conditions, an increase in the carrier gas O₂ concentration had a lesser impact on product yield compared with process temperature. Thus, it can be inferred that combustion gases and gases generated under mild torrefaction conditions could serve as carrier gases for a more cost-effective torrefaction process. Under oxidative conditions, the total biomass energy recovery was measured at 87.3% ± 1.7% for low temperatures and short torrefaction durations.</p>","PeriodicalId":55126,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology Bioenergy","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcbb.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harvest Time Optimization for Biomass Productivity and Combustion Quality of Tall Wheatgrass in a Semi-Arid Mediterranean Environment","authors":"Recep Irfan Nazli,&nbsp;Mihrab Polat,&nbsp;Asiye Sena Cavdar,&nbsp;Veyis Tansi","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Optimizing harvest time has a significant impact on biomass productivity and combustion quality, making it essential to produce sustainable solid biofuel from perennial grasses. This study was conducted to determine the optimum harvest time in tall wheatgrass for the production of solid biofuel in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment by evaluating the effects of six different harvest times (November, January, March, May, July, and September) on biomass yield and combustion quality parameters over two growing seasons. Dry matter yield of the crop steadily increased from the November to May harvest, which approximately coincided with the end of the growing season, but then it was significantly reduced by both the July and September harvests. Additionally, the content of cell wall components (lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose) and the lignin/holocellulose ratio gradually increased with the progression of maturity and senescence. In contrast, ash, moisture, and mineral (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Si, Cl, Na, and Zn) contents tended to decrease from the May to September harvest. In this regard, the September harvest significantly improved combustion quality by reducing the contents of ash, mineral, and moisture, the risks of slagging, aerosol formation, and corrosion, and increasing the lignin content and lignin/holocellulose ratio, despite causing a 22% yield loss in comparison to the May harvest. These results suggest that the September harvest may be primarily preferred for the sustainable solid biofuel production from tall wheatgrass in the dry marginal lands of the Mediterranean region.</p>","PeriodicalId":55126,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology Bioenergy","volume":"17 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcbb.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Municipal Biowaste-Derived Compounds to Reduce Soilborne Fungal Diseases of Tomato: A Further Step Toward Circular Bioeconomy","authors":"Ivana Castello,&nbsp;Andrea Baglieri,&nbsp;Enzo Montoneri,&nbsp;Alessandro Vitale","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A crucial point for the ecological transition toward a circular bioeconomy is represented by the utilization of municipal biowaste for novel uses in agriculture. Thus, in vitro and in vivo performance of oxidized biopolymers (Ox BPs) obtained from the organic fraction of municipal waste was evaluated against Rhizoctonia root rot and southern blight of tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.). Further, the selectivity of these biopolymers was evaluated on young tomato seedlings. Effects of Ox BPs were tested at 100, 1000, and 5000 μg mL⁻¹ in reducing <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i> mycelial growth and decreasing relative infections in tomato. The effective concentrations able to reduce mycelial growth by 50% and 95% (EC₅₀ and EC₉₅) calculated according to logit models and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were about 434, 4550, and 5000 μg mL⁻¹ for <i>S. rolfsii</i>, whereas it was possible to calculate only EC₅₀ (about 788 μg mL⁻¹) for <i>R. solani.</i> In regard to in vivo experiments, Ox BP at 5000 ppm achieved good reductions for both fungal infections ranging from about 62% up to almost 90%, whereas phytotoxic effects were not detected on tomato seedlings at the 3–4 and 4–5 true leaf stages. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report about Ox BPs antifungal performance against globally widespread soilborne diseases of tomato without detrimental effects on the host crop. However, further studies are needed to confirm the data; this paper presents a starting point for both an eco-friendly disease management approach and recycling of the organic fraction (organic C) of municipal biowastes within the circular bioeconomy framework in a self-sustainable ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":55126,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology Bioenergy","volume":"17 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcbb.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Forcing of Bioenergy Feedstocks: Insights From Carbon and Energy Flux Measurements","authors":"Bethany Blakely,&nbsp;Caitlin E. Moore,&nbsp;Taylor L. Pederson,&nbsp;Christy D. Gibson,&nbsp;Michael C. Benson,&nbsp;Evan Dracup,&nbsp;Carl J. Bernacchi","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bioenergy from biofuels has the potential to slow growing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations by reducing fossil fuel use. However, growing bioenergy feedstocks is a land-intensive process. In the United States, the recent expansion of maize bioethanol has presented some environmental costs, prompting the development of several alternative bioenergy feedstocks. These feedstocks, selected in part for traits associated with ecosystem services, may provide opportunities for environmental benefits beyond fossil fuel displacement. We hypothesized that these bioenergy ecosystems will provide direct climatic cooling through their influence on carbon and radiative energy fluxes (i.e., through albedo). To test this hypothesis, we investigated the potential cooling effect of five current or potential bioenergy feedstocks using multi-year records from eddy covariance towers. Perennial feedstocks were carbon sinks, with an annual mean net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) of −2.7 ± 2.1 Mg C ha⁻¹ for miscanthus, −0.8 ± 1.1 Mg C ha⁻¹ for switchgrass, and −1.4 ± 0.7 Mg C ha⁻¹ for prairie. In contrast, annual rotations were generally carbon sources, with an annual mean NECB of 2.6 ± 2.4 Mg C ha⁻¹ for maize-soy and 3.2 ± 2.1 Mg C ha⁻¹ for sorghum-soy. Using maize-soy as a baseline, conversion to alternative feedstocks increased albedo, inducing further cooling. This effect was strongest for miscanthus, with −3.5 ± 2.0 W m⁻² of radiative forcing, and weakest for sorghum, with −1.4 ± 1.4 W m⁻². When feedstock effects on carbon and albedo were compared using carbon equivalents, carbon fluxes were the stronger ecosystem effect, underscoring the role of perennial species as effective carbon sinks. This work highlights the impact of feedstock choice on ecosystem processes as an element of bioenergy land conversion strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55126,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology Bioenergy","volume":"17 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcbb.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}