Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology最新文献

{"title":"In vitro evaluation of Axitinib and Sorafenib treatment in glioblastoma cell viability and morphology.","authors":"Alexandru Opriţa,&nbsp;Mihaela Amelia Dobrescu,&nbsp;Elena Victoria Manea,&nbsp;Ştefana Oana Popescu,&nbsp;Ani Simona Sevastre,&nbsp;Andreea Silvia Pîrvu,&nbsp;Iuliana Mihaela Buzatu,&nbsp;Daniela Elise Tache","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.2.07","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The formation, proliferation, and evolution of glioblastoma (GB) are significantly influenced by pathological angiogenesis. This is supported by several growth factor receptors, such as the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). In this experiment, we examined how the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved VEGFR blockers Sorafenib and Axitinib affect the viability of GB cells in vitro. Cells were cultivated in 96-well culture plates for the experiments, afterwards Sorafenib and Axitinib were administered at doses ranging from 0.3 μM to 80 μM. 2,5-Diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to assess the impact of VEGFR inhibition on high-grade glioma (HGG) cell lines. To observe the morphological changes in cell shape, we used a 10× magnification microscopy. Our results showed that both Axitinib and Sorafenib retarded GB1B culture proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner in comparison to control cohorts that had not received any treatment. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for Axitinib was 3.5839 μM after three days of drug administration and 2.2133 μM after seven days of drug administration. The IC50 value for Sorafenib was 3.5152 μM after three days of drug administration and 1.6846 μM after seven days of drug administration. After the treatment with Axitinib or Sorafenib, very few cells became rounded and detached from the support, others remained adherent to the culture substrate, but acquired a larger, flatter shape. Our results indicate that VEGFR might serve as a key target in the treatment of GB. Although it is known that in vitro some drugs block the VEGFR more potently, clinical evidence is required to show whether this actually translates to better clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d7/f1/RJME-64-2-173.PMC10520376.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10273711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological aspects and therapeutic options in melanoma: a narrative review of the past decade.","authors":"Andreea Cătălina Tinca,&nbsp;Andrada Raicea,&nbsp;Andreea Raluca Szőke,&nbsp;Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz,&nbsp;Mihaela Cornelia Şincu,&nbsp;Raluca Niculescu,&nbsp;Adrian Horaţiu Sabău,&nbsp;Maria Cătălina Popelea,&nbsp;Radu Florin Fruntelată,&nbsp;Ovidiu Simion Cotoi","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.2.02","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melanoma is a malignant cancer of the skin, the incidence of which has been increasing year by year. This neoplasm has high aggressivity as well as the potential for invasion and metastases. Multiple factors related to the proliferation of this type of tumor have been identified, such as exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and specific genetic backgrounds. From a histological and cytological point of view, the most common cells that are found in melanoma are epithelioid or spindle cells. To confirm the diagnosis and the melanocytic origin of the tumor, specific and sensitive markers are used. Also, observation of the behavior of this cancer, including its proliferative properties, has led to the development of multiple therapies, each of which is characteristic of the pathological stage at the time of diagnosis. While surgery is the most important therapeutic and curative option in cases of melanoma in situ, chemotherapy has been the main treatment for advanced stages of melanoma for many years. However, recently, targeted therapy and immunotherapy have changed the approach to treatment. At present, multiple studies are attempting to obtain further data about the tumor microenvironment and investigating how targeting particular molecules can change the prognosis of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d0/cb/RJME-64-2-135.PMC10520381.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10273712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"S100A8∕A9 is a valuable biomarker and treatment target to detect and modulate neutrophil involvement in myocardial infarction.","authors":"Răzvan Gheorghiţă Mareş,&nbsp;Adrian Horaţiu Sabău,&nbsp;Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz,&nbsp;Mihaela Elena Tomuţ,&nbsp;Istvan Adorjan Szabo,&nbsp;Andreea Raluca Szőke,&nbsp;Andreea Cătălina Tinca,&nbsp;Gabriel Jakobsson,&nbsp;Ovidiu Simion Cotoi,&nbsp;Alexandru Şchiopu","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.2.04","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to irreversible ischemic damage of the heart muscle and is the leading cause of heart failure. The ischemic cardiac injury triggers a potent local and systemic immune response. In the acute phase post-MI, neutrophils infiltrate the myocardium in large numbers and induce further cardiomyocyte death, expanding the infarcted area. The alarmin S100A8∕A9 is a proinflammatory mediator primarily produced by myeloid cells, with an emerging role in MI. We previously demonstrated that short-term inhibition of S100A8∕A9 during the inflammatory phase of the immune response to MI improves long-term cardiac function. In the present study, we investigated the effects of S100A8∕A9 blockade on myocardial inflammation and post-ischemic myocardial injury in a mouse model of coronary artery ligation. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining revealed that the presence of S100A9 is strongly correlated with neutrophil infiltration in the myocardium on days 1 and 3 post-MI. A 3-day treatment with the S100A8∕A9 blocker ABR-238901 starting immediately after MI decreased the number of neutrophils and S100A9 presence in the myocardium and had a positive impact on cardiac damage, reducing infarction size. These findings promote S100A9 as an IHC biomarker of neutrophil infiltration and a promising immunomodulatory target to regulate neutrophil recruitment, reduce ischemic injury and promote long-term beneficial cardiac recovery after MI.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/85/e9/RJME-64-2-151.PMC10520380.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10273716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological aspects of basal cell carcinoma vascularization.","authors":"Raluca Maria Bungărdean,&nbsp;Mirela Anca Stoia,&nbsp;Bogdan Pop,&nbsp;Maria Crişan","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47162/RJME.64.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a malignant skin cancer which commonly exhibits aberrant blood flow because of angiogenesis. Its invasiveness and lack of metastatic potential may be explained by the typical pattern of vascularization seen in BCCs, where blood vessels are absent in the tumor islands and prominent in the tumor's periphery. From clinical point of view, high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) is a useful tool for the evaluation of the lateral and depth extension of these tumors; furthermore, by employing color Doppler, important data regarding the vascularization degree of BCCs is provided. Knowingly, the sonographic vascular pattern of cutaneous tumors can aid in improving diagnosis and treatment by differentiating between benign and malignant lesions, between various types of cutaneous malignancies and also between various types of BCC (e.g., low risk versus high risk). Our aim was to perform a review integrating all currently known vascular properties of BCC as a tumor entity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c7/f0/RJME-64-1-15.PMC10257779.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9972639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular prognostic factors in colorectal cancer: 5-year follow-up.","authors":"Alina Elena Ciobanu,&nbsp;Daniel Cristian Pîrvu,&nbsp;Cristina Maria Mărginean,&nbsp;Anda Lorena Dijmărescu,&nbsp;Adriana Estefa Muñoz-Groza,&nbsp;Cristian Meşină,&nbsp;Tudor Adrian Bălşeanu,&nbsp;Vlad Dumitru Băleanu,&nbsp;Tiberiu Ştefăniţă Ţenea-Cojan,&nbsp;Daniela Ciobanu","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47162/RJME.64.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a frequently diagnosed and lethal disease. The risk of developing CRC is determined by environmental and genetic factors. Surgical treatment is the main curative modality for patients with CRC up to stage III. In recent years, a special place has been given to biological agents used as targeted therapy following the genetic analysis of the tumor: Bevacizumab (Avastin), Cetuximab (Erbitux), Ziv-aflibercept (Zaltrap). We present a study based on 46 colorectal tumor resection specimens from patients operated for CRC in the Surgery Departments of the Emergency County Clinical Hospital of Craiova, Romania. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry staining of tissue sections were performed to determine the degree of aggressiveness. Using the Kaplan-Meier test, we calculated the correlation coefficient between survival time and immunohistochemical prognostic factors. The patients were followed for 60 months postoperatively.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c3/e3/RJME-64-1-65.PMC10257784.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9618222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of tumoral and peritumoral inflammatory reaction in cutaneous malignant melanomas.","authors":"Radu Florin Fruntelată, Assil Bakri, George Alin Stoica, Laurenţiu Mogoantă, Nina Ionovici, George Popescu, Denisa Floriana Vasilica Pîrşcoveanu, Andrada Raicea, Marius Eugen Ciurea","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.1.05","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, with an increasing worldwide incidence in recent decades. The main risk factor for increasing the skin cancer incidence is ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Of the two major forms of skin cancer (melanomas and non-melanotic cancers), the cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the most aggressive form, causing about 80% of the deaths resulted from this type of tumor. Malignant melanoma develops through malignant transformation of melanocytes in the skin because of prolonged exposure to solar or artificial UV. The malignant transformation of the melanocytes in the skin is accompanied by the presence of a local inflammatory reaction that, in the initial stages of carcinogenesis, would oppose to tumor development. Chronic exposure to UV or other etiopathogenic factors induces chronic inflammation, which, by producing inflammatory molecules (cytokines, chemokines, prostaglandins), constitutes a tumoral microenvironment that favors carcinogenesis, tumor invasion, metastasis, and the presence of neoplastic \"mutant cells\" that avoid the protective action of the immune system. Using immunohistochemistry techniques, we assessed the intra- and peritumoral inflammatory infiltrate cells in CM. The chronic inflammatory infiltrate presented more intense in the peritumoral stroma compared to the intratumoral one, heterogenous, more intensely composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, and mast cells (MCs), the most numerous cells in the inflammatory infiltrate being T-lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages; B-lymphocytes and MCs were in a small number, especially intratumorally. Inflammatory cells had a direct contact with tumor cells, blood vessels, connective matrix, suggesting that the inflammatory microenvironment plays an important role in carcinogenesis, tumor invasion, local angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/26/32/RJME-64-1-41.PMC10257785.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9671053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uterine embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in adult women: a case report on the challenging diagnosis and treatment.","authors":"Cătălin Florin Pop,&nbsp;Claudia Maria Stanciu-Pop,&nbsp;Christiane Jungels,&nbsp;Marie Chintinne,&nbsp;Carlos Artigas Guix,&nbsp;Florin Grosu,&nbsp;Ciprian Juravle,&nbsp;Isabelle Veys","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47162/RJME.64.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Uterine embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (uERMS) in adult women is a very rare malignant entity. The study aim was to report a case of adult uERMS and to discuss the implications of histopathological diagnosis on the treatment and prognosis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present here the clinicopathological features of a uERMS case in an adult woman. The study has been approved by the institutional Ethics Committee and an informed consent has been obtained (IJB∕CE3005). A 45-year-old woman presented to her gynecologist with intermenstrual bleedings and polypoid cervical mass (initially interpreted as benign polyp). A second biopsy was sent to our Department of Pathology at the Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium for revision and was reinterpreted as botryoid-type uERMS. The patient underwent a total hysterectomy. The final pathology confirms a 3 cm cervical ERMS, and a simple surveillance was decided by our multidisciplinary team. Six months later, pelvic magnetic resonance imaging control showed a recurrence in the right pelvic lymph nodes. Multi-drug chemotherapy and radiotherapy were done before surgical resection. Pathological examination of the resected pelvic mass confirmed uERMS recurrence of 60 mm, with large zones of necrosis and the presence of cartilaginous structures. The patient is free of disease 60 months after diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adult uERMS is rare and the pathological examination is the main element for diagnosis and treatment. It is often confused with other benign entities, at least at the time of diagnosis. ERMS should be included in the differential diagnosis of cervical and uterine polyp of adult women. Long-term survival is possible with a multimodal therapy approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/52/c9/RJME-64-1-83.PMC10257776.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9618221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Variable response to Idebenone in LHON is multifactorial.","authors":"Josef Finsterer,&nbsp;Sounira Mehri","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47162/RJME.64.1.13","url":null,"abstract":", We read with interest the article by Mercu ţ et al. about two patients with Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), a 15-year-old male carrying the mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) m.3460G>A variant in MT-ND1 [patient (1)] and an 11-year-old male carrying the m.11778G>A variant in MT-ND4 [patient (2)], in whom the morphological and functional response to Idebenone treatment was monitored in three months intervals over a period of one year [1]. Patient (1) experienced improvement of visual acuity, visual fields defects, and visually evoked potentials (VEPs) but no improvement was found regarding the retinal abnormalities, while patient (2) experienced neither functional nor morphological improvement of his abnormalities [1]. The study is appealing but raises concerns that should be discussed. A limitation of the study is that heteroplasmy rates of the causative mtDNA variants were not provided [1]. Knowing heteroplasmy rates is crucial as they may contribute to the","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/49/2a/RJME-64-1-101.PMC10257775.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9671056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carl Weigert's pioneer definition of heart infarction as myocardial, coagulative necrosis due to obstruction of atherosclerotic coronary arteries in 1880, overshadowed by subsequent, secondary publications in the field.","authors":"Andrzej Wincewicz,&nbsp;Piotr Woltanowski","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47162/RJME.64.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1880, a German Jewish Professor of Pathology, Carl Weigert (1845-1904) first defined heart infarction as myocardial, coagulative necrosis (\"Coagulationsnekrose\") due to obliteration of atherosclerotic coronary arteries thanks, at least, partially to his great diligence in vascular staining methods. Histochemical techniques made his name eponymic as Weigert's Hematoxylin or Weigert's and Van Gieson's elastic stains are still used in routine practice to visualize, e.g., the framework of vessels. However, his discovery has been overshadowed by far more frequently cited in recent decades, subsequent but secondary, 214-page-long book dated on 1896 and titled \"L'infarctus du myocarde et ses conséquences - ruptures, plaques fibreuses, anévrismes du coeur\", in which René Marie repeated Carl Weigert's words that dead cardiomyocytes lost their cellular nuclei. Weigert introduced the term \"die Infarcte des Herzmuskels\", in 1880, in his paper titled \"Über die pathologischen Gerinnungsvorgänge\", in Virchows Archiv. According to Weigert, occlusions were caused by white thrombi (\"weissen Thromben\") on the ground of atheromatous changes of the coronary arteries. In following manner, he gave macroscopic description of heart infarction: \"If a blood supply is very roughly (German: brüsk), completely cut off in individual parts of the heart muscle, yellowish dry masses are formed that resemble coagulated fibrin\". \"If examined microscopically, one usually does not find any fibrinous material exudate, but often a delusively normal tissue (sometimes you can even see cross striation of the muscle fibers): but all muscle fibers (...) are anucleate\". Paradoxically, coronary thrombosis was also a cause of Carl Weigert's death.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c3/b4/RJME-64-1-95.PMC10257777.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9671060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary de novo malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the breast mimicking mastitis. Report of a case and review of the literature.","authors":"José Fernando Val-Bernal, Sandra Hermana, Fernando Hernanz, Germán Moreno","doi":"10.47162/RJME.64.1.09","DOIUrl":"10.47162/RJME.64.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare tumor representing <0.1% of malignant breast tumors. Here, we report a case of sporadic MPNST of the breast in a 45-year-old woman with a fast-evolving painful mass in the right breast associated with edema, redness, and increased local temperature, simulating mastitis. This presentation has not been reported. A review of the literature since 1992 has revealed 15 MPNST cases, including the present one with sufficient data for analysis. All the cases were women. The ages ranged from 16-60 years (mean 40.5 years). Duration of symptoms varied from four days to 15 years (mean 2.7 years). Tumor size ranged from 2.5-30 cm (mean 10.9 cm). 64.3% of tumors were well-circumscribed. Tumors were graded as grade 1 (7.7%), grade 2 (38.5%), and grade 3 (53.8%). Three (20%) cases showed histopathological peculiarities. Simple mastectomy was performed in four (26.7%) cases, radical mastectomy in six (40%) cases, and simple excision in five (33.3%) cases. There were no metastases in the six cases where axillary dissection was performed. Seven (53.8%) patients received adjuvant therapy, including chemotherapy and∕or radiotherapy. Local recurrence was observed in two (16.7%) patients. Distant metastasis was detected in one patient (7.7%) affecting the lung 11 months after radical mastectomy. The follow-up was available for 10 patients (mean 2.2 years, median 1 year). One patient (10%) died of the disease. At the last follow-up, 80% of patients were still alive. The main differential diagnosis includes nonpleomorphic spindle cell tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":54447,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/26/5a/RJME-64-1-73.PMC10257786.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9671059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}