Traffic Injury Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Real-time driver alerts to improve CMV safety in California work zones: a naturalistic study.","authors":"Julia McMillan, Linda Hill, Ryan J Moran, Richard S Garfein, Sarah Hacker","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2547950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2547950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) are disproportionately involved in crashes around work zones. We seek to reduce these crashes <i>via</i> location-based in-cab alerts ahead of work zone activity. It was hypothesized that alerted drivers would reduce their speed, and that they would remain alert for traffic hazards as they passed through work zones. This would in turn reduce CMV-involved crashes and associated injuries and fatalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants comprised existing users of a mobile application that provides free safety alerts exclusively to commercial drivers. Experimental group vehicles received a pop-up notification and audible chime 500 m before work zones, control group vehicles received no such alert. Location data was collected for all CMVs 30 s before alert through 5 min after the alert geofence, which was used to determine vehicle speed. An anonymous driver survey was also deployed in November - December 2024 <i>via</i> email to assess driver perceptions of the alerting experience and the safety impact of these alerts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses from April 1 - December 23, 2024 for 228,713 vehicle visits at 4,080 unique work zones across nine counties in California indicate that, within the first 10 s post-alert, alerted drivers traveling above 55 mph reduce their speed by up to 0.5 mph more than the control group (<i>p</i> = .02), with a 30% greater magnitude of speed reduction. Lane-specific alerts may also be more effective than generic alerts, with slopes of deceleration up to 1.5 times steeper (<i>p</i> < .001). A survey of drivers participating in the present study (<i>N</i> = 422) found that 82% of drivers reported slowing down when receiving these alerts and 83% reported paying increased attention to their surroundings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In-cab notifications of active work zones in California appear to promote safer driving behaviors among commercial drivers exceeding the CMV speed limit. More informative alerting may have a more pronounced impact. Drivers appear to perceive these alerts as helpful in promoting safer driving behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145071227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol consumption and the severity of lower limb and pelvic lesions resulting from motorcycle injuries.","authors":"Patricia da Costa Araujo Magalhaes, Albanita Gomes da Costa de Ceballos, Washington José Dos Santos, Etiene Oliveira da Silva Fittipaldi, Cristine Vieira Do Bonfim, João Victor Lopes de Oliveira, Viviane Dias Cavalcanti Santos, João Marcos D'Assumpção de Carvalho, Tiago Caetano Tavares Monteiro, Rafael Moraes Barbosa","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2546650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2546650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the association between alcohol consumption and the severity of injuries in the pelvic region and lower limbs among motorcyclists injured in traffic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted with motorcyclists admitted to a public hospital in Recife (northeastern Brazil). Using questionnaires, the study collected sociodemographic data and information about accidents. Data were also sourced from medical records from February 1, 2023 to January 31, 2024. The severity of the injuries was assessed using the Abbreviated Injury Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study involved 305 individuals, of which 292 (95.7%) were male, and 210 (70.9%) were aged 18-39 years. Severe injuries in the pelvic and lower limb areas occurred in 229 (74.6%) of motorcyclists. The analysis showed a statistically significant association between pelvic and lower limb injuries and alcohol consumption, even when adjusted for age, education level, income, type of income, and accident by impact and collision (adjusted odds ratio = 2.82; 95% confidence interval = 1.04-7.69) (<i>p</i> = 0.042).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Motorcyclists who consume alcohol are at a higher risk of severe injury in the pelvic region and lower limbs. Despite the traffic regulations regarding alcohol consumption in Brazil and investments in educational campaigns, efforts have not been enough to reduce the incidence and severity of injuries in the studied population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential analysis of factors influencing motorcycle single-vehicle crash severity on roadway segments and intersections.","authors":"Fulu Wei, Peixiang Xu, Yongqing Guo, Hongqiang Li, Lizu Sun, Yaping Wang","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2546027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2546027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Motorcycle single-vehicle crashes occurring on roadway segments and intersections exhibit significant differences. This study aims to explore the differences in the key factors influencing the severity of motorcycle single-vehicle crashes at roadway segments and intersections, based on historical accident data from Shandong Province, China. Additionally, it examines the temporal stability of these determinants and the unobserved heterogeneity over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To account for heterogeneity in the data, Random parameters logit models with heterogeneity in means and variances are employed across different time periods and junction types. The analysis investigates the impact of various factors-driver, vehicle, road, and environmental-on the injury severity of motorcyclist. Additionally, the study assesses the temporal stability and unobserved heterogeneity of determinants in motorcycle crashes. Likelihood ratio tests are conducted to evaluate the transferability of model estimates across different years, and the marginal effects of explanatory variables are calculated. The results reveal significant variations in the effects of influencing factors between roadway segments and intersections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The driver age under 30 and during dawn or dusk are significantly associated with severe motorcycle single-vehicle crashes occurring exclusively at roadway segments. In contrast, visibility <100 m, visibility between 100 and 200 m, as well as the summer and winter seasons, are significant factors only for severe motorcycle single-vehicle crashes at intersections. Overall temporal instability is observed, while several indicators, including driver age over 50 and non-clear weather conditions, demonstrate relative spatial or temporal stability. The findings of the study provide valuable insights for decision-making regarding motorcycle crash prevention strategies at both roadway segments and intersections.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of motorcycle crash dynamics and offer valuable guidance for policymakers and traffic safety experts in designing more effective safety measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145071102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifactor analysis of cost of injury using classification and regression trees.","authors":"Roumen Vesselinov, Kartik Kaushik, Mark Scarboro, Joseph Kufera, Alicia Chavez, Komal Bhagat, Elena Vesselinov, Deborah Stein","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2547046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2547046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study we have two objectives: 1. To establish a dominant cost of injury structure. We perform an analysis of full medical cost for crash injuries including hospital charges and professional fees, to determine a cost structure model that can be extrapolated to higher level datasets. 2. To build multifactor models for cost of injury based on Classification and Regression Trees (CART) machine learning technique. This type of analytical tool gives us many advantages compared to other methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We use two sources of data: the Maryland statewide hospital population data for 2017-2022, which includes hospital charges, and the trauma registry data from the R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center in Baltimore, MD for 2016-2021, which includes hospital charges and professional fees. The hospital charges comprise of hospital bed occupancy fees, nursing support, medications and supplies, etc. Professional fees include doctors' fees at the hospital, rehabilitation, and therapy charges after hospital discharge. The injury severity is measured by the Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS) by body region and the maximum AIS when there is more than one injury in the same body region. The second injury severity measure is the Injury Severity Score (ISS). Overall, in the state of Maryland, hospital charges are reimbursed at 87%, while the professional fees are reimbursed at about 30%. We use the hospital charges and professional fee charges to estimate the cost of injury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most studies include only hospital costs, which underestimates the total injury cost. We discovered that hospital charges constitute on average 71% of the cost, while professional fees constitute 29%. We develop injury group classification, with four injury cost models based on CART: (i) with injury groups; (ii) without injury groups; (iii) full injury cost; and (iv) professional fees only. Each model identifies specific cost injury groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study finds that injury cost is the highest for polytrauma patients, followed by isolated injuries, and minor injuries. The machine learning analysis points to three unique findings: (1) The best predictor of cost is not a single factor but a combination of factors. (2) Injuries in Lower Extremities and Abdomen are very costly, while injuries to the Head region don't have immediate high cost but may have long-term cost effect. (3) Medical professional fees constitute about a third of injury costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145071119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating driver visual behavior in highway tunnel groups through rhythm-based visual cues.","authors":"Haoran Zheng, Anru Chi, Chengfeng Jia, Zhao Deng","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2544214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2544214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Drivers navigating highway tunnel groups face complex and repetitive lighting environments, which increase cognitive load and compromise safety. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of rhythm-based visual cues in improving perceptual orientation and regulating driver visual behavior in tunnel group scenarios.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To determine the most suitable rhythm pattern for visual guidance, a rhythm adaptability selection process was first conducted using a fuzzy evaluation method. A simulated driving experiment was then performed in UC-win/Road, exposing participants to varying lighting conditions with and without rhythm-based visual cues. Driver eye-movement metrics, including fixation duration, saccade amplitude, and saccade velocity, were used as behavioral indicators to assess visual load and attention regulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Extended tunnel driving was associated with increased fixation durations, a dominance of small-angle saccades (0°-10°), and slower saccade velocities-patterns indicative of visual fatigue and decreased attentional control. The introduction of rhythm-based visual cues significantly improved visual behavior by reducing fixation durations, lowering the frequency of small-angle saccades, and enhancing saccade dynamics. These improvements were more prominent under low-light conditions, indicating better visual adaptability and engagement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rhythm-based visual cues provide an effective and energy-efficient alternative to increased tunnel illumination by directly targeting visual behavior. The findings support the application of perceptually informed environmental design strategies that utilize rhythm sensitivity to improve driver safety in highway tunnel groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug and polydrug detection in drivers suspected of driving under the influence of an intoxicant in Ireland 2012-2018: a national repeated cross-sectional study.","authors":"Louise Durand, Aoife O'Kane, Richard Maguire, Aisling Ryan, Denis Cusack, Eamon Keenan, Gráinne Cousins","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2544346","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2544346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Driving under the influence of drugs is a major risk factor for road traffic collision deaths and injuries. We examined national trends in detection rates of cannabis, cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamines, benzodiazepines, and opioids, alone and in combination, among drivers suspected of driving under the influence of an intoxicant (DUII) in Ireland 2012-2018.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A repeated cross-sectional study design using immunoassay results from the Medical Bureau of Road Safety (MBRS). The MBRS is responsible for the chemical testing of intoxicants in all drivers arrested under the Road Traffic Acts 1968-2016 in Ireland. Detection rates for individual drugs, and combinations of drugs, per 1,000 drivers suspected of DUII were calculated. Negative binomial regression models (Adjusted Rate Ratios (ARR), 95% Confidence Intervals (CI)) were used to estimate age and gender adjusted time trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 9,369 individuals were suspected of DUII during the study period (83% men). Annual increases in the detection of cocaine (ARR 1.21, 95% CI 1.18-1.24, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and cannabis (ARR 1.13, 95% CI 1.09-1.17, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) were observed. Opioids, benzodiazepines, methamphetamines, and amphetamines saw minimal or no significant change over time. The co-detection of cocaine with cannabis (ARR 1.25, 95% CI 1.19-1.3, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and cocaine with benzodiazepines (ARR 1.11, 95% CI 1.07-1.16, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) also increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Road safety is compromised by driving under the influence of drugs. The increasing detection of cocaine and cannabis, particularly among men, highlights the need for ongoing testing, and targeted interventions to reduce driving under the influence of these substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The difference in the ability to perceive danger while driving and when crossing a road between patients after a stroke and a healthy population.","authors":"Amit Timor, Tova Rosenbloom, Navah Z Ratzon","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2492347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2492347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Post-stroke patients' health conditions may have consequences on their ability to drive and walk safely as pedestrians. There are many studies on the driving ability of people after stroke, but hardly any research testing their hazard perception both as drivers and pedestrians. The main goals of this study were (a) to test the differences in hazard perception when crossing the road and driving between post-stroke participants and a control group of healthy individuals; (b) to evaluate whether skills for safe driving are correlated with safe road-crossing skills as pedestrians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study compared 30 post-stroke adults and 28 healthy age-matched controls. All participants were assessed using computerized tools to detect hazard perception both as drivers and pedestrians. Participants also completed questionnaires designed to classify their behavior as drivers and pedestrians.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference in the hazard perception of pedestrians between post-stroke patients and controls, and a significant difference in their behavior. Post-stroke patients identified fewer hazards as pedestrians than the controls and reported fewer errors and aggressiveness incidences as drivers. The findings also show a strong significant correlation between their hazard perception as drivers and as pedestrians. The findings also show a significant correlation between their hazard perception as drivers and as pedestrians.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is important to evaluate the hazard perception of potential drivers and pedestrians after a stroke. These assessments provide valuable indications of the patients' driving capability and their ability to cross the road safely. The correlation we found between the ability to detect hazards while watching videos of driving and crossing the road shows that clinicians need to pay special attention both to the ability to drive and to alternative ways of moving as pedestrians.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear effects of built environment on road traffic safety: A multi-scale perspective.","authors":"Na Wu, Hengming Zhang, Suhe Yang, Xiaofeng Pan","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2541915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2541915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to address the research gaps regarding the nonlinear effects and two-way interaction effects of multi-scale built environment features on road traffic safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from online ride-hailing accidents in three Chinese megacities, this research applied a gradient boosting decision trees (GBDT) model to analyze the nonlinear relationships between multi-scale built environment features and road traffic safety. The built environment was characterized by three scales: road attributes, Points of Interest (POIs), and street view images (SVIs). The analysis focused on both the main effects and two-way interaction effects of these features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that SVI features have the highest combined contribution, accounting for 74.08% totally, followed by a combined contribution of 13.77% from POIs. Road characteristics had the least combined contribution to traffic accidents, accounting for 12.16%. Only the parking lot can decrease (but still slightly) the traffic accident risk of bus station, which means that the existence of parking lots near a bus station can decrease the probability of occurrence of traffic accidents. While other two-way interactions would increase traffic accident risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>First, drivers' visual information (captured <i>via</i> SVIs) emerged as the most critical factor, contributing 74.08% to road safety outcomes. Second, tunnels, primary roads, residential roads, all POI categories, guardrails, and traffic signals were identified as significant hazards. Moreover, SVI features and road class exhibited pronounced nonlinear effects on safety. Additionally, significant interaction effects were observed between these variables, indicating that their combined influence on safety is more complex than individual effects alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mixed-methods study characterizing US caregivers' attitudes toward pediatric vehicular heatstroke interventions.","authors":"Jalaj Maheshwari, Kristina B Metzger, Emma Sartin","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2537155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2537155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Several behavioral and technological approaches have been proposed to help prevent pediatric vehicular heatstroke (PVH), or children overheating in cars. While studies have examined technologies' efficacy in controlled settings, it remains unclear how end-users feel about adopting behavioral/technological interventions for use in the real-world. Thus, this study's objective was to characterize caregivers' attitudes toward available PVH interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a national survey and focus groups with caregivers of children less than 5 years old. Both studies gathered caregivers' demographics, as well as their opinions about adopting/using broad and specific types of behavioral and technological interventions for PVH. Surveys were analyzed with descriptive statistics; focus groups were analyzed using a grounded theory approach to qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 1,500 survey respondents and 4 focus groups (16 participants total). Participants across studies shared similar interests in and generally positive opinions toward behavioral and technological PVH interventions, with caveats. A selection of survey findings include: (1) 90% of respondents were <i>Somewhat</i> or <i>Extremely Willing</i> to use technology that would remind them/warn them if they had left a child, (2) 58-64% would use Vehicle-based warning systems (e.g., occupant detection sensor + horn), Car seat-based warning systems (e.g., child detection sensor + siren), or Vehicle-based reminder technology (e.g., trip-based message or chime), and (3) 11% would not use any technology. Focus groups agreed generally with respondents in the survey, expanding results to state more caregivers should be aware of behavioral interventions and to raise concerns about some interventions' ease of use, amount of effort required, risk of malfunction or lack of effectiveness, maintenance, and potential cost. For example, caregivers with rear-seat check reminders believed that chimes and dash messages may be ineffective in the long-term.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The knowledge gained from this study can help to prioritize future PVH intervention efforts and enhance effectiveness among emerging approaches, along with informing how stakeholders may improve consumer awareness, adoption, and rates of correct usages. Based on our findings, this paper will inform ways to bolster caregivers' engagement with behavioral approaches and simultaneous use of effective and accessible technological interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of lighting environment in extra-long tunnels and its psychological impact on young drivers: evidence from virtual driving simulations.","authors":"Yang Guan, Tian Liu, Qixuan Ren, Xuanyi Li, Li Peng","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2544213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2544213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The monotonous lighting environment in extra-long tunnels often induces mind-wandering in drivers. To address this issue, this study explores effective strategies to optimize tunnel lighting environments by configuring various background colors and special lighting zones to enhance the alertness of young drivers and ensure driving safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A virtual driving simulator was utilized to carry out the experiment. By integrating heart rate variability (HRV) indicators with facial expression analysis technology, this study systematically investigates the effects of three background lighting colors-red, blue, and yellow (with a luminance range of 30.5-39.6 cd/m²)-under single-zone and two-zone special lighting stimulation conditions. A non-contact \"physiology-behavior\" coupling evaluation model based on the XGBoost algorithm is developed to enable real-time monitoring of the mind-wandering levels of young drivers (K-values), providing an alternative to traditional electrode-based detection methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-zone special lighting stimulation significantly improved driver alertness and arousal compared to single-zone stimulation. Under red background lighting with two-zone stimulation, the LF/HF ratio decreased by 32.6% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and a continuous decline in neutral facial expression scores indicated a sustained alerting effect. In contrast, blue background lighting demonstrated the best performance under single-zone stimulation, reducing the LF/HF ratio by 8.39% and suggesting a short-term stress-relief advantage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This virtual driving simulation study revealed that red and blue background lighting exert distinct effects on mind-wandering regulation. Red light with two-zone stimulation effectively suppressed mind-wandering over time, while blue light with single-zone stimulation provided rapid physiological stress relief. In addition, a heart rate-neutral emotion coupling model was constructed, enabling non-contact mind-wandering assessment through facial expression analysis, thereby simplifying the monitoring process.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}