Traffic Injury Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Driving safety risk evaluation for tunnel reinforcement based on matter-element model","authors":"Jiawen Liao ,&nbsp;Hao Ding ,&nbsp;Meng Yang ,&nbsp;Ke Li ,&nbsp;Jianzhong Chen","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2024.2405641","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15389588.2024.2405641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to analyze the influence of different tunnel reinforcement measures on drivers and to evaluate the associated driving safety risks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Experimental data of driving behavior and physiological response were collected under different driving simulation scenarios, such as cover arch erection, corrugated steel, grouting, Steel strips, and fire; an evaluation index system was established based on electrocardiographic (ECG), electrodermal activity(EDA), standard deviation of speed (SDSP), Steering Entropy(SE), standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP) and other indices. The classical domain rank standard of each evaluation index was divided using K-Means algorithm, and a synthetic evaluation matter-element model was established to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the safety risks of each scenario.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results show that the highway tunnel reinforcement measures can reduce the driving safety risks compared with the severe damage scenario, and the key driving stability indices such as SDSP, SDLP, and SE are effectively improved by each reinforcement method. Different reinforcement methods have significant differences on driving safety: the cover arch erection and grouting reinforcement are more effective in reducing risks of driving safety, while corrugated steel and Steel strips feature relatively high safety risks. By synthesizing the overall safety risk levels and indices of each reinforcement method, the cover arch erection performs best in reinforcement and maintenance, followed by grouting.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>By assessing the effects of different reinforcement methods on driving behavior, this study provides valuable insights and data support for decision-making of highway tunnel safety operation and post-disaster rehabilitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":"26 3","pages":"Pages 335-345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vehicle collision risk assessment method in highway work zone based on trajectory data.","authors":"Wenyun Tang, Hanbin Wang, Jianxiao Ma, Chenyang Yang, Chaoying Yin","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2474722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2474722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate vehicle safety in highway work zones by analyzing collision risk using vehicle trajectory data collected from these zones.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First, vehicle movement within the work zone is monitored using UAV technology, and vehicle trajectory data along with traffic flow characteristics are extracted using Tracker software. Next, a risk assessment method is proposed that comprehensively evaluates both the likelihood and severity of vehicle collisions in the work zone. Finally, the distribution patterns, spatial variations, and influencing factors of collision risk within the work zone are analyzed in detail.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis reveals that the collision risk for lane-changing vehicles predominantly falls within the range of 0.3 to 0.5, higher than that of straight-moving vehicles, which is concentrated between 0.2 and 0.4. This highlights the elevated risk associated with lane-changing behavior. Similarly, the mean collision risk for vehicles in the warning area, transition area, and buffer space are 0.155, 0.207, and 0.252, respectively, showing a progressive increase in risk across these areas. Further analysis shows that the correlation coefficients of speed, speed difference, and acceleration difference with vehicle collision risk are 0.026, 0.305, and 0.698, respectively, indicating a significant positive correlation. Conversely, the correlation coefficient of displacement difference with vehicle collision risk is -0.281, demonstrating a significant negative correlation, which is significant at the 0.01 level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The methodology employed provides a detailed quantification of collision likelihood and severity, offering a comprehensive analysis of vehicle collision risks in work zones and their spatial distribution characteristics. It also explores the relationship between these risks and vehicle motion parameters. The findings offer a scientific basis for identifying high-risk areas and formulating targeted safety improvement measures. Furthermore, the study provides crucial technical support and decision-making guidance for enhancing traffic safety in highway work zones.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing collision safety restraint systems for diverse drivers using multi-objective analysis.","authors":"Mengqi Li, Xiaobing Bu, Haitao Zhu, Dongcheng Ren","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2474152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2474152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to enhance vehicle collision safety by developing and validating a simulation model and optimizing restraint system parameters based on the injury responses of both small-stature female drivers (5th percentile female dummy) and average-sized male drivers (50th percentile male dummy).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A finite element simulation model of a sedan was established using Hypermesh software, incorporating a Hybrid III 50th percentile male dummy. The model was validated through sled tests and adjusted to include a Hybrid III 5th percentile female dummy, reflecting the posture of small-stature female drivers. Sensitivity analysis and multi-objective optimization were conducted using Isight software and the NSGA-II genetic algorithm, focusing on key restraint system parameters such as seatbelt load limiter, seatbelt pullout amount, seatbelt extension rate, airbag triggering time, airbag vent hole size, and airbag gas mass flow.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Optimized restraint system parameters significantly reduced head and chest injuries for both male and female dummies. The head HIC15 value for the male dummy decreased from 380 to 352, and chest compression from 24.9 mm to 20.4 mm. For the female dummy, the head HIC15 value was reduced from 615 to 426, and chest compression from 23.5 mm to 17.1 mm. All injury indicators met regulatory limits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current restraint systems designed for average-sized male drivers are inadequate for protecting small-stature female drivers. The optimized restraint system parameters significantly improve safety performance for both genders, addressing an important gap in existing research. These findings have significant implications for reducing the design cost of vehicle restraint systems and enhancing driver safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis method for factors influencing pelvis rotation of Hybrid III and THOR dummies during frontal impact.","authors":"Toshiharu Azuma, Yuqing Zhao, Koji Mizuno, Kei Nagasaka, Takahiro Suzuki, Idemitsu Masuda","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2473538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2473538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In vehicle frontal impacts, pelvis rotation is a crucial factor in submarining, where the lap belt slips off the pelvis and intrudes into the abdomen. Submarining can occur even when the lap belt engages the pelvis due to pelvis rotation. This study aims to establish an analytical method to evaluate the forces and moments acting on the pelvis of dummies during frontal impacts and to identify factors influencing pelvis rotation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Finite element simulations were conducted using dummies (Hybrid III 50 M, 5 F, and THOR 50 M, 5 F) restrained with a 3-point standard seat belt in the rear seat during a frontal impact at 50 km/h. The pelvis of the dummy was divided into anatomical regions. Based on Euler's equation, moments around the pelvis's center of gravity (COG) were calculated based on contact forces in each pelvis region and joint force (lumbar spine and hip joint).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The angular acceleration and moment of the pelvis were consistent with Euler's equations, confirming the accuracy of this moment calculation method. Factors promoting rearward pelvis rotation included femur force, lap belt force, and lumbar spine force, while factors reducing pelvis rearward rotation included lumbar spine bending moment and seat cushion force. These factors varied among dummies due to differences in pelvis shape and lumbar spine stiffness. The rearward rotation of the pelvis in the Hybrid III was small because the lap belt path was close to the pelvis COG; in the THOR, however, rearward rotation was greater because the lap belt path was further from the pelvis COG, and the ischium force reducing the rearward rotation was smaller.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study proposes an analytical approach to understanding pelvis rotation in dummies. This method allows for evaluating various factors influencing pelvis rotation over time, including dummy design and restraint systems, to prevent pelvis rearward rotation and submarining.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the role of supporting infrastructure, concerns, beliefs, risk factors, and perceived safety on pedestrians' walking tendency.","authors":"Anju Edamuriyil Chacko, Nishant Mukund Pawar, Ritvik Chauhan","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2476608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2476608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pedestrian accidents are a global concern, necessitating pedestrian-friendly road environments with adequate infrastructure and safety measures. Understanding pedestrian perceptions of road infrastructure is crucial for enhancing safety and urban mobility. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship and model the impact of supporting infrastructure, concerns, beliefs, and risk factors on pedestrians' walking tendency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey was circulated and data related to socio-demographics and pedestrian perception regarding supporting infrastructure, concerns, beliefs, risk factors and walking tendency was collected from 412 respondents. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Ordered Logistic Regression (OLR) were employed for analysis to explore and model the relationship between various latent variables with walking tendency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Firstly, factor analysis was conducted to determine different latent variables from the obtained data. Five latent variables namely: Pedestrian Concerns (PC), Supporting Infrastructure (SI), Risk Factors (RF), Confidence and Belief (CB), and Perceived Safety (PS) were obtained from the factor analysis. KMO and Bartlett's test of Sphericity showed high adequacy (KMO = 0.801) and statistical significance (p-value < 0.01) indicating substantial correlation in the data. The SEM revealed significant positive associations between perceived safety (0.12), confidence and belief (0.38), and walking tendency, emphasizing the role of safety and psychological factors in encouraging walking. Supporting infrastructure was positively correlated with pedestrian concerns and risk factors, suggesting that infrastructure improvements mitigate safety concerns and encourage walking. The OLR model highlighted that perceived safety significantly increases walking tendency (15% increase per unit), with age influencing this relationship positively. Conversely, higher risk factors decrease perceived safety, particularly affecting older pedestrians.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results from the SEM and OLR models the presence of risk factors like suspicious individuals and poor lighting can deter walking, especially among older individuals. Nonetheless, findings underscore the importance of comprehensive safety measures and well-maintained infrastructure to promote walking and enhance pedestrian safety in urban environments. Urban planners and policymakers are encouraged to prioritize these factors to create safer, more inclusive urban spaces conducive to walking as a mode of transportation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do wider longitudinal road markings influence driving speed perception?","authors":"Francisco Calvo-Poyo, Laura Garach, Juan de Oña","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2465822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2465822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Excessive speed is one of the factors most frequently associated with traffic accidents and noncompliance with traffic regulations. Road markings serve as a fundamental aid for drivers, with their design playing a critical role in road safety. Wider longitudinal markings create a visual narrowing effect on the driving lane, potentially increasing the perception of speed and encouraging drivers to reduce their speed, thereby enhancing traffic safety. However, this phenomenon has received limited attention in prior studies, which have predominantly relied on field experiments with small sample sizes and have often overlooked important variables such as night driving conditions. Given these considerations, the objective of the present study is to examine whether the perception of speed while driving on curves increases with the use of wider longitudinal markings compared to those established by traffic regulations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address this objective, video recordings were made of vehicles navigating 6 curves under 2 conditions: With standard longitudinal markings and with modified, wider markings. Subsequently, a survey was conducted with 2,419 participants. The participants were shown the videos and asked to identify in which segments they perceived greater vehicle speed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that the likelihood of perceiving greater speed on curves with wider markings was significantly higher in the following cases: Female participants, drivers who had not caused an accident or received a traffic ticket in the past 5 years, those with greater driving experience, higher vehicle speeds, viewing standard markings prior to the wider ones, navigating right-oriented curves, and nighttime driving conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results demonstrate that the application of wider longitudinal road markings can, in general, enhance the perception of speed on curves. This effect has the potential to improve road safety by promoting slower driving behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the relationship between drivers' fixation behavior and road cognitive efficiency in curved tunnel environments.","authors":"Lei Han, Zhigang Du, Jialin Mei","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2464834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2464834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to explore the relationship between drivers' fixation behavior and road cognitive efficiency in curved tunnel environments. The objective is to understand how factors such as tunnel radius, turning direction, and tunnel zones influence drivers' visual behaviors and cognitive processes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research involves 30 participants and utilizes eye tracking technology to collect data. Data are gathered in 4 curved tunnels located in Yunnan Province. Participants' fixation duration, frequency, and horizontal and vertical deviations are measured and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study finds that the radius, turning direction, and zones of curved tunnels significantly affect drivers' visual behaviors. Smaller tunnel radius leads to increased fixation duration and decreased frequency of visual scanning. Drivers exhibit decreased horizontal deviation, indicating a more focused visual search strategy, and increased vertical deviation, possibly as an adaptive strategy to broaden the vertical field of view. During left turns, drivers have longer fixation durations and lower frequencies due to right hemisphere dominance in processing spatial information, resulting in increased cognitive load. Differences in deviations are observed between left and right turns, reflecting distinct visual scanning patterns. In different tunnel zones, drivers demonstrate varied strategies: In the entrance zone, longer fixations and smaller horizontal deviations occur; in the middle zone, shorter fixations and increased frequency are observed; and in the exit zone, the highest fixation frequency and horizontal deviation are noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The conclusions emphasize that the geometry and characteristics of curved tunnels play a crucial role in shaping drivers' visual behaviors and cognitive processes. Understanding these relationships is essential for enhancing tunnel design and improving driving safety. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing tunnel design to better meet drivers' needs and for implementing appropriate safety measures, ultimately contributing to the reduction of accidents and an enhancement of overall road safety in curved tunnel environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The contributions of knowledge and trust involving the use of child car seats among Indigenous Peoples in Canada.","authors":"Suzanne McMurphy, Amy M Alberton, G Brent Angell, Harvey A McCue, Stéphane Grenier","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2471552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2471552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of child vehicle restraint-related knowledge and trust in information on car seat use among Indigenous Peoples in Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An in-person survey was administered to participants who identified as Indigenous (i.e., First Nation or Métis). Participants included those from the Canadian provinces of Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Alberta, British Columbia, and Quebec. The sample consisted of 536 Indigenous adults, ages 18 and older, who reported having children aged 12 or younger or reported transporting other children in vehicles. The analysis focused on the prediction of consistent car seat use. Logistic regression models were used to test the main predictive effects of gender, living on reserve, levels of child vehicle restraint-related knowledge, and levels of trust in information. An interaction effect of child vehicle restraint-related knowledge by trust in information on consistent car seat use was also tested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gender did not significantly predict consistent car seat use. However, those who reported living on reserve were 52% less likely to report consistently using car seats than those who reported not living on reserve. Additionally, those who exhibited high levels of child vehicle restraint-related knowledge were two and a half times more likely to report consistent car seat use than those with low knowledge levels. Respondents' level of trust in information was also significantly related to consistent car seat use. Respondents who reported high levels of trust in information were nearly twice as likely to report consistent car seat use than those who reported low levels of trust. Finally, among respondents who demonstrated low knowledge, those who showed high trust in information were nearly two and half times as likely to report consistent car seat use than those who showed low trust.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study provided evidence that having the requisite knowledge and trust in information was found to be associated with caregiver compliance in using car seats on a regular basis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing motorcycle safety: Quantifying the effects of Autonomous Emergency Braking and Adaptive Cruise Control in crashes reduction.","authors":"Abdelkarim Ait-Moula, Claire Naude, Ebrahim Riahi, Thierry Serre","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2461575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2025.2461575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Powered 2-wheeler (PTW) safety remains a critical concern, prompting the investigation into the efficacy of advanced rider assistance systems (ARAS) in reducing crash rates. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive quantification of the effects of 2 such systems, Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB), on the avoidance or mitigation of motorcycle crashes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using real-world motorcycle crash data, this research employed kinematic reconstruction techniques and numerical simulations to evaluate the impact of ACC and AEB on crash reduction. A parametric study was conducted, exploring various parameters including trigger distances, deceleration rates, and field of view, to assess their influence on the effectiveness of this systems in crashes involving PTWs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed significant findings regarding the effectiveness of ACC and AEB in reducing crash rates involving motorcycles. Notably, ACC, especially in dynamic mode with a trigger distance of 40 m, demonstrated the ability to prevent 53% of crashes, resulting in impact speed reductions ranging from 4 to 25 km/h. Similarly, AEB exhibited remarkable effectiveness, reducing impact speeds by 2.5 to 38.9 km/h, with avoidance rates ranging from 7% to 63%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Optimization of key parameters such as triggering strategy, deceleration, sensor range, and field of view is crucial for maximizing the effectiveness of ARAS in motorcycle safety applications. These findings provide valuable insights for manufacturers and policymakers, highlighting the need for tailored approaches to system design and implementation. By refining these systems based on empirical data and analysis, significant improvements can be made in motorcycle safety, ultimately saving lives and reducing the severity of crashes on roadways.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain injury metrics and their risk functions in frontal automotive collisions.","authors":"Fusako Sato, Taotao Wu, Matthew B Panzer, Masayuki Yaguchi, Mitsutoshi Masuda","doi":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2470338","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15389588.2025.2470338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to develop abbreviated injury scale (AIS) 1, AIS2, AIS3 and AIS4+ injury risk functions (IRFs) for traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) as estimated by the rotational kinematics of the head, in accordance with AIS1998. The effectiveness of the IRFs was investigated by comparisons with real-world accident data of frontal crash configurations. In addition, links of the IRFs developed in accordance with AIS1998 to other AIS versions were discussed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AIS1, AIS2, AIS3 and AIS4+ IRFs based on finite element analysis (FEA)-based metrics in this study were developed using a TBI database used for developing mild TBI (concussion) and severe TBI (diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)) IRFs in our previous study. The TBI database includes head kinematics, clinical outcomes, and FEA-based metrics such as maximum principal strain (MPS) obtained from reconstructions using harmonized species-specific finite element (FE) brain models. In this study, TBI severities in the TBI database were reclassified in accordance with AIS1998 to evaluate IRFs in comparison with field accident data for application to automotive safety. IRFs based on kinematics-based metrics were developed by transforming FEA-based IRFs <i>via</i> linear regression models between the FEA-based and kinematics-based metrics. The FEA-based and kinematics-based IRFs were evaluated by comparing TBI risk predictions using frontal crash test data with real-world TBI rates in similar crash configurations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MPS95 IRFs exhibited better quality (lower quality index (QI) values) and better goodness of fit with the TBI database (lower AIC value) among the FEA-based IRFs. Kinematics-based metrics exhibited the greatest coefficients of determination (<i>R</i>²) with MPS95. The accident data evaluation demonstrated that the MPS95 IRFs and kinematics-based IRFs derived from the MPS95 IRFs generally overpredicted most frontal crash configurations, with the full engagement conditions tending to have smaller errors and the oblique crash conditions having the largest overprediction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The TBI risks predicted by the MPS95 IRFs and kinematics-based IRFs derived from the MPS95 IRFs were relatively more aligned with the real-world TBI rates for drivers in the full engagement crash configuration. However, further investigations are needed to minimize the gap between predicted TBI risks and real-world TIB rates. In addition, AIS coding of TBIs has changed through version upgrades, especially for concussion. This change in AIS coding has affected IRFs for AIS1 and AIS2. Further revisions of TBI IRFs will be required in the future if the AIS definitions change.</p>","PeriodicalId":54422,"journal":{"name":"Traffic Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}