Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain最新文献

{"title":"Environmental risk assessment of the DvSSJ1 dsRNA and the IPD072Aa protein to non-target organisms.","authors":"Chad J Boeckman, Jennifer A Anderson, Christopher Linderblood, Taylor Olson, Jason Roper, Kristine Sturtz, Carl Walker, Rachel Woods","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2021.1982348","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645698.2021.1982348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Event DP-Ø23211-2 (hereafter referred to as DP23211) maize expresses the DvSSJ1 double-stranded RNA (DvSSJ1 dsRNA) and the IPD072Aa protein, encoded by the <i>ipd072Aa</i> gene. DvSSJ1 dsRNA and the IPD072Aa protein each provide control of corn rootworms (<i>Diabrotica</i> spp.) when expressed in plants. As part of the environmental risk assessment (ERA), the potential hazard to non-target organisms (NTOs) exposed to the DvSSJ1 dsRNA and the IPD072Aa protein expressed in DP23211 maize was assessed. Worst-case estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) for different NTO functional groups (pollinators and pollen feeders, soil dwelling detritivores, predators and parasitoids, aquatic detritivores, insectivorous birds, and wild mammals) were calculated using worst-case assumptions. Several factors that reduce exposure to NTOs under more realistic environmental conditions were applied, when needed to provide more environmentally relevant EECs. Laboratory bioassays were conducted to assess the activity of DvSSJ1 dsRNA or the IPD072Aa protein against selected surrogate species, and margins of exposure (MOEs) were calculated by comparing the Tier I hazard study results to worst-case or refined EECs. Based on specificity and MOE values, DvSSJ1 dsRNA and the IPD072Aa protein expressed in DP23211 maize are not expected to be harmful to NTO populations at environmentally relevant concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":54282,"journal":{"name":"Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain","volume":"12 1","pages":"459-478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39724033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis of transgenic and gene-stacked maize line seeds.","authors":"Weixiao Liu,&nbsp;Haiming Zhao,&nbsp;Chaohua Miao,&nbsp;Wujun Jin","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2021.1934351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2021.1934351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unintended effects of genetically modified (GM) crops may pose safety issues. Omics techniques provide researchers with useful tools to assess such unintended effects. Proteomics and metabolomics analyses were performed for three GM maize varieties, 2A-7, CC-2, and 2A-7×CC-2 stacked transgenic maize, and the corresponding non-GM parent Zheng58.Proteomics revealed 120, 271 and 135 maize differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the 2A-7/Zheng58, CC-2/Zheng58 and 2A-7×CC-2/Zheng58 comparisons, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that most DEPs participated in metabolic pathways and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolite. Metabolomics revealed 179, 135 and 131 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in the 2A-7/Zheng58, CC-2/Zheng58 and 2A-7×CC-2/Zheng58 comparisons, respectively. Based on KEGG enrichment analysis, most DAMs are involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolite and metabolic pathways. According to integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis, the introduction of exogenous EPSPS did not affect the expression levels of six other enzymes or the abundance of seven metabolites involved in the shikimic acid pathway in CC-2 and 2A-7×CC-2 seeds. Six co-DEPs annotated by integrated proteomics and metabolomics pathway analysis were further analyzed by qRT-PCR.This study successfully employed integrated proteomic and metabolomic technology to assess unintended changes in maize varieties. The results suggest that GM and gene stacking do not cause significantly unintended effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":54282,"journal":{"name":"Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain","volume":"12 1","pages":"361-375"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21645698.2021.1934351","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39069981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomics analysis reveals that foreign <i>cp4-epsps</i> gene regulates the levels of shikimate and branched pathways in genetically modified soybean line H06-698.","authors":"Longguo Jin, Daoping Wang, Yongying Mu, Yong Guo, Yangjie Lin, Lijuan Qiu, Yinghong Pan","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2021.2000320","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645698.2021.2000320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although genetically modified (GM) glyphosate-resistant soybeans with <i>cp4-epsps</i> gene have been widely planted all over the world, their proteomic characteristics are not very clear. In this study, the soybean seeds of a GM soybean line H06-698 (H) with <i>cp4-epsps</i> gene and its non-transgenic counterpart Mengdou12 (M), which were collected from two experiment fields in two years and used as 4 sample groups, were analyzed with label-free proteomics technique. A total of 1706 proteins were identified quantitatively by label-free quantification, and a total of 293 proteins were detected as common differential abundance proteins (DAPs, FC is not less than 1.5) both in two groups or more. Functional enrichment analysis of common DAPs identified from four groups, shows that most up-regulated proteins were clustered into stress response, carbon and energy metabolism, and genetic information processing. Further documentary analysis shows that 15 proteins play important roles in shikimate pathways, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stress response. These results indicated that the change of protein abundance in different samples were affected by various factors, but except shikimate and branched pathways related proteins, only ROS and stress-related proteins were found to be stably regulated by <i>cp4-epsps</i> gene, and no unexpected and safety-related proteins such as antinutritional factors, allergenic proteins, and toxic proteins were found as DAPs. The influence of foreign genes in genetically modified plants is worthy of attention and this work provides new clues for exploring the regulated proteins and pathways in GM plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":54282,"journal":{"name":"Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain","volume":"12 1","pages":"497-508"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d9/f1/KGMC_12_2000320.PMC9208623.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39898840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The level of Cry1Ac endotoxin and its efficacy against <i>H. armigera</i> in Bt cotton at large scale in Pakistan.","authors":"Shakra Jamil,&nbsp;Rahil Shahzad,&nbsp;Sajid Ur Rahman,&nbsp;Muhammad Zaffar Iqbal,&nbsp;Muhammad Yaseen,&nbsp;Shakeel Ahmad,&nbsp;Rida Fatima","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2020.1799644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2020.1799644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A biophysical survey was conducted in 15 cotton-growing districts of Pakistan. Four hundred cotton growers were approached and inquired about the production technology of Bt cotton. Further, 25 strip tests using combo strips (<i>Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab, Vip3Aa</i> and <i>Cp4, EPSPS</i> gene) were performed at each farmer's field. Out of 10,000 total-tested samples, farmers claimed 9682 samples as Bt and 318 samples as non-Bt. After performing a strip test, 1009 and 87 samples were found false negative and false positive, respectively. Only 53 samples were found positive for <i>Cry2Ab</i>, 214 for <i>EPSPS</i> and none for <i>Vip3Aa</i> gene. Quantification of Cry endotoxin and bioassay studies were performed by taking leaves from upper, middle, and lower canopies, and fruiting parts at approximately 80 days after sowing from 89 varieties. Expression was highly variable among different canopies and fruiting parts. Moreover, Cry endotoxin expression and insect mortality varied significantly among varieties from 0.26 µg g^-1 to 3.54 µg g^-1 with mortality ranging from 28 to 97%, respectively. Highest <i>Cry1Ac</i> expression (3.54 µg g^-1) and insect mortality (97%) were observed for variety FH-142 from DG Khan. Cry endotoxin expression varied significantly across various plant parts, i.e., IUB-13 variety from upper canopy documented 0.34 µg g^-1 expression with 37% insect mortality in Layyah to 3.42 µg g^-1 expression and 96% insect mortality from DG Khan. Lethal dose, LD95 (2.20 µg g^-1) of Cry1Ac endotoxin was optimized for effective control of <i>H. armigera</i>. Our results provided evidence of practical resistance in <i>H. armigera</i> and way forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":54282,"journal":{"name":"Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21645698.2020.1799644","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38245135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apomixis and strategies to induce apomixis to preserve hybrid vigor for multiple generations.","authors":"Sajid Fiaz, Xiukang Wang, Afifa Younas, Badr Alharthi, Adeel Riaz, Habib Ali","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2020.1808423","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645698.2020.1808423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hybrid seeds of several important crops with supreme qualities including yield, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance have been cultivated for decades. Thus far, a major challenge with hybrid seeds is that they do not have the ability to produce plants with the same qualities over subsequent generations. Apomixis, an asexual mode of reproduction by avoiding meiosis, exists naturally in flowering plants, and ultimately leads to seed production. Apomixis has the potential to preserve hybrid vigor for multiple generations in economically important plant genotypes. The evolution and genetics of asexual seed production are unclear, and much more effort will be required to determine the genetic architecture of this phenomenon. To fix hybrid vigor, synthetic apomixis has been suggested. The development of <i>MiMe</i> (mitosis instead of meiosis) genotypes has been utilized for clonal gamete production. However, the identification and parental origin of genes responsible for synthetic apomixis are little known and need further clarification. Genome modifications utilizing genome editing technologies (GETs), such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (cas), a reverse genetics tool, have paved the way toward the utilization of emerging technologies in plant molecular biology. Over the last decade, several genes in important crops have been successfully edited. The vast availability of GETs has made functional genomics studies easy to conduct in crops important for food security. Disruption in the expression of genes specific to egg cell <i>MATRILINEAL</i> (<i>MTL</i>) through the CRISPR/Cas genome editing system promotes the induction of haploid seed, whereas triple knockout of the <i>Baby Boom</i> (<i>BBM</i>) genes <i>BBM1, BBM2</i>, and <i>BBM3</i> cause embryo arrest and abortion, which can be fully rescued by male-transmitted <i>BBM1</i>. The establishment of synthetic apomixis by engineering the <i>MiMe</i> genotype by genome editing of <i>BBM1</i> expression or disruption of <i>MTL</i> leads to clonal seed production and heritability for multiple generations. In the present review, we discuss current developments related to the use of CRISPR/Cas technology in plants and the possibility of promoting apomixis in crops to preserve hybrid vigor. In addition, genetics, evolution, epigenetic modifications, and strategies for <i>MiMe</i> genotype development are discussed in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":54282,"journal":{"name":"Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain","volume":"12 1","pages":"57-70"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7553744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38433621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement <i>of</i> sugarcane for borer resistance using <i>Agrobacterium</i> mediated transformation of <i>cry1Ac</i> gene.","authors":"Eldessoky S Dessoky,&nbsp;Roba M Ismail,&nbsp;Nagwa I Elarabi,&nbsp;Abdelhadi A Abdelhadi,&nbsp;Naglaa A Abdallah","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2020.1809318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2020.1809318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sugarcane (<i>Saccharum</i> X <i>officinarum</i>) is one of the most important crops used to produce sugar and raw material for biofuel in the world. One of the main causes for sucrose content and yield losses is the attack by insect. In this investigation, <i>cry1Ac</i> gene was introduced into sugarcane variety GT54-9(C9) using the <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i> transformation method for transgenic sugarcane production presenting insect-resistance. The <i>A. tumefaciens</i> strain GV1303 including pART<i>cry1Ac</i> vector was used for the production of transformed sugarcane. The <i>Bacillus thuringiensis cry</i> gene were successfully used to produce transgenic plants used for the improvement of both agronomic efficiency and product quality by acquiring insect resistance. PCR and Southern hybridization techniques were used to confirm the <i>cry1Ac</i> gene incorporation into sugarcane genome. Transformation percentage was 22.2% using PCR analysis with specific primers for <i>cry1Ac</i> and <i>npt-II</i> (Neomycin phosphotransferase) genes. The expression of <i>cry1Ac</i> gene was determined using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), QuickStix test, and insect bioassays. Bioassays for transformed sugarcane plants showed high level of toxicity to <i>Sesamia cretica</i> giving 100% mortality of the larvae. Sugarcane insect resistance was improved significantly by using <i>cry1Ac</i> gene transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54282,"journal":{"name":"Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain","volume":"12 1","pages":"47-56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21645698.2020.1809318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38323795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetically modified organisms and food security in Southern Africa: conundrum and discourse.","authors":"Norman Muzhinji,&nbsp;Victor Ntuli","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2020.1794489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2020.1794489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The importance of food security and nourishment is recognized in Southern African region and in many communities, globally. However, the attainment of food security in Southern African countries is affected by many factors, including adverse environmental conditions, pests and diseases. Scientists have been insistently looking for innovative strategies to optimize crop production and combat challenges militating against attainment of food security. In agriculture, strategies of increasing crop production include but not limited to improved crop varieties, farming practices, extension services, irrigation services, mechanization, information technology, use of fertilizers and agrochemicals. Equally important is genetic modification (GM) technology, which brings new prospects in addressing food security problems. Nonetheless, since the introduction of genetically modified crops (GMOs) three decades ago, it has been a topic of public discourse across the globe, conspicuously so in Southern African region. This is regardless of the evidence that planting GMOs positively influenced farmer's incomes, economic access to food and increased tolerance of crops to various biotic and abiotic stresses. This paper looks at the issues surrounding GMOs adoption in Southern Africa and lack thereof, the discourse, and its potential in contributing to the attainment of food security for the present as well as future generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":54282,"journal":{"name":"Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain","volume":"12 1","pages":"25-35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21645698.2020.1794489","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38179091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumer perception, mandatory labeling, and traceability of GM soybean oil: evidence from Chinese urban consumers.","authors":"Mingyang Zhang,&nbsp;Yubing Fan,&nbsp;Chao Chen,&nbsp;Jingxia Cao,&nbsp;Hongshan Pu","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2020.1807852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2020.1807852","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Consumer preference for the mandatory labeling of genetically modified (GM) foods promotes public support for the implementation of GM food policies. This study analyzes consumers’ preference for the traceability of GM soybean oil. Survey data were collected through a self-administered survey covering 804 randomly sampled urban residents in the eastern, central and western regions of China. Using a logit model, this analysis examines the impacts of influential factors on consumers’ preference for traceability. The results show that about 56.5% of the respondents have a positive preference for the traceability of GM soybean oil. Factors increasing the preference for traceability include a better perception of the attributes of nutrition benefit and potential health risk, perceived inadequacy of simple mandatory labels, more attention paid to food labels, and distrust in the agencies overseeing GM food safety. Enhancing consumers’ perceptions of GM-related attributes and awareness of food labels will help improve the mandatory labeling management of GM foods.","PeriodicalId":54282,"journal":{"name":"Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain","volume":"12 1","pages":"36-46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21645698.2020.1807852","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38296218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The more favorable attitude of the citizens toward GMOs supports a new regulatory framework in the European Union.","authors":"Mihael Cristin Ichim","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2020.1795525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2020.1795525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 1996 till 2018, the global area cultivated with GM crops has increased 113-fold, making biotech crops one of the fastest adopted crop technology in the past decades. In the European Union, only two countries still cultivate one available transgenic crop event on minor hectarage. Moreover, the number of notifications for confined field trials has dramatically dropped in the last decade. All these are happening while the EU legislation on GM crops has come under severe criticism. The percentage of EU citizens concerned about the presence of GMOs in the environment has decreased from 30% (in 2002) to 19% (in 2011), while the level of concern about the use of GM ingredients in food or drinks has decreased from 63% (in 2005) to 27% (in 2019). The steadily increasing acceptance of the EU citizens of GMOs in the environment and food, as it was recorded by Eurobarometers, should additionally ease the way and support a positive change of the legal framework that regulates the GM crops' testing and commercial cultivation in the EU.</p>","PeriodicalId":54282,"journal":{"name":"Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain","volume":"12 1","pages":"18-24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21645698.2020.1795525","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38258406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental impacts of genetically modified (GM) crop use 1996-2018: impacts on pesticide use and carbon emissions.","authors":"Graham Brookes,&nbsp;Peter Barfoot","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2020.1773198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2020.1773198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper updates previous assessments of the environmental impacts associated with using crop biotechnology (specifically genetically modified crops) in global agriculture. It focuses on the environmental impacts associated with changes in pesticide use and greenhouse gas emissions arising from the use of GM crops since their first widespread commercial use 22 years ago. The adoption of GM insect resistant and herbicide tolerant technology has reduced pesticide spraying by 775.4 million kg (8.3%) and, as a result, decreased the environmental impact associated with herbicide and insecticide use on these crops (as measured by the indicator, the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ)) by 18.5%. The technology has also facilitated important cuts in fuel use and tillage changes, resulting in a significant reduction in the release of greenhouse gas emissions from the GM cropping area. In 2018, this was equivalent to removing 15.27 million cars from the roads.</p>","PeriodicalId":54282,"journal":{"name":"Gm Crops & Food-Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain","volume":"11 4","pages":"215-241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21645698.2020.1773198","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38190115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}