npj Microgravity最新文献

Lunar and Martian gravity alter immune cell interactions with endothelia in parabolic flight.

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00456-7

Yu Du, Bing Han, Katharina Biere, Nathalie Abdelmalek, Xinyu Shu, Chaoyang Song, Guangyao Chen, Ning Li, Marina Tuschen, Huan Wu, Shujin Sun, Alexander Choukér, Mian Long, Dominique Moser

{"title":"Lunar and Martian gravity alter immune cell interactions with endothelia in parabolic flight.","authors":"Yu Du, Bing Han, Katharina Biere, Nathalie Abdelmalek, Xinyu Shu, Chaoyang Song, Guangyao Chen, Ning Li, Marina Tuschen, Huan Wu, Shujin Sun, Alexander Choukér, Mian Long, Dominique Moser","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00456-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-024-00456-7","url":null,"abstract":"Returning to the moon and traveling to Mars represent the main targets of human space exploration missions within the upcoming decades. Comparable to microgravity, partial gravity in these destinations is assumed to dysregulate immune functions, thereby threatening astronauts´ health. To investigate the impact of partial gravity on immune cell attachment to vessel endothelia, THP-1 cells and HUVEC cell layers were monitored in a flow chamber system during parabolic flight in lunar (0.16 g) or Martian (0.38 g) gravity. Focus was set on floating speed, cell adhesion, surface molecule expression and cytoskeletal reorganization under basal and TNF-induced inflammatory environment. Floating speed of THP-1 cells was increased in partial gravity, which was accompanied by a successively lower adhesion to the endothelial HUVEC cells. Expression levels of the adhesion markers Mac-1 on THP-1 cells as well as ICAM-1 on HUVECs were found elevated in lunar and Martian gravity, which was aggravated by TNF. Analysis of cytoskeletal organization in HUVECs revealed reduced intracellular F-actin microfilament networks and a stronger cell directionality with stress fiber alignment at cell borders in partial gravity, which was intensified by TNF. In summary, altered immune cell - endothelium interactions as quantified in partial gravity conditions show similarities to cellular behavior in microgravity. However, the different magnitudes of effects in dependence of gravitational level still need to be assessed in further investigations.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"11 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulated deep space exposure on seeds utilizing the MISSE flight facility. 利用MISSE飞行设施模拟种子的深空暴露。

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00451-y

Jeffrey T Richards, Todd E Mortenson, Cory J Spern, Timothy A Mousseau, Jennifer L Gooden, Lashelle E Spencer, Christina L Khodadad, Jason A Fischer, Alexander D Meyers, Chad K Papenfuhs, Jeffrey G Buell, Howard G Levine, Dinah I Dimapilis, Ye Zhang

{"title":"Simulated deep space exposure on seeds utilizing the MISSE flight facility.","authors":"Jeffrey T Richards, Todd E Mortenson, Cory J Spern, Timothy A Mousseau, Jennifer L Gooden, Lashelle E Spencer, Christina L Khodadad, Jason A Fischer, Alexander D Meyers, Chad K Papenfuhs, Jeffrey G Buell, Howard G Levine, Dinah I Dimapilis, Ye Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00451-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-024-00451-y","url":null,"abstract":"The MISSE-Seed project was designed to investigate the effects of space exposure on seed quality and storage. The project tested the Multipurpose Materials International Space Station Experiment-Flight Facility (MISSE-FF) hardware as a platform for exposing biological samples to the space environment outside the International Space Station (ISS). Furthermore, it evaluated the capability of a newly designed passive sample containment canister as a suitable exposure unit for biological samples for preserving their vigor while exposing to the space environment to study multi-stressor effects. The experiment was launched to the ISS on Northrup Grumman (NG)-15. The exposure lasted eight months outside the ISS in the MISSE-FF at the Zenith position. The specimens consisted of eleven seed varieties. Temperature dataloggers and thermoluminescent dosimeters were included in each container to record environmental data. We presented here the hardware and experimental design, environmental profiles, and seed survival from post-flight germination tests.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"11 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11742015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypergravity is more challenging than microgravity for the human sensorimotor system. 对于人类的感觉运动系统来说，超重力比微重力更具挑战性。

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00452-x

Loïc Chomienne, Patrick Sainton, Fabrice R Sarlegna, Lionel Bringoux

引用次数: 0

Space exploration and risk of Parkinson's disease: a perspective review. 空间探索与帕金森病风险：观点综述。

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00457-6

Nilufar Ali, Afshin Beheshti, Greg Hampikian

引用次数: 0

Impact of near continuous low dose rate neutron irradiation on pregnancy outcomes in mice. 近连续低剂量中子辐照对小鼠妊娠结果的影响

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00438-9

Jon G Steller, Rebecca S Blue, April E Ronca, Andrew Goodspeed, Theresa L Powell, Thomas Jansson

{"title":"Impact of near continuous low dose rate neutron irradiation on pregnancy outcomes in mice.","authors":"Jon G Steller, Rebecca S Blue, April E Ronca, Andrew Goodspeed, Theresa L Powell, Thomas Jansson","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00438-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-024-00438-9","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of galactic cosmic radiation on reproductive physiology remain largely unknown. We determined the impact of near-continuous low-dose-rate Californium-252 neutron irradiation (1 mGy/day) as a space-relevant analog on litter size and number of resorptions at embryonic day (E) 12.5 (n = 19 radiated dams, n = 20 controls) and litter size, number of resorptions, fetal growth, and placental signaling and transcriptome (RNA sequencing) at E18.5 (n = 21 radiated dams, n = 20 controls) in pregnant mice. A significantly increased early resorption rate and decreased placental weight were observed in irradiated mice. There were no statistically significant differences in litter size, fetal weight, length, or malformation rate between the groups. Near-continuous radiation had no significant effects on the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), endoplasmic reticulum stress or inflammatory signaling, rate of double-stranded DNA breaks, and had minimal effects on gene expression in the placenta. These data suggest that near-continuous, low-level galactic cosmic radiation has a limited impact on pregnancy outcomes.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"10 1","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11659551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex-specific cardiovascular adaptations to simulated microgravity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Sprague-Dawley大鼠心血管对模拟微重力的适应性存在性别差异。

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00450-z

Ebrahim Elsangeedy, Dina N Yamaleyeva, Nicholas P Edenhoffer, Allyson Deak, Anna Soloshenko, Jonathan Ray, Xuming Sun, Omar H Shaltout, Nildris Cruz-Diaz, Brian Westwood, Daniel Kim-Shapiro, Debra I Diz, Shay Soker, Victor M Pulgar, April Ronca, Jeffrey S Willey, Liliya M Yamaleyeva

{"title":"Sex-specific cardiovascular adaptations to simulated microgravity in Sprague-Dawley rats.","authors":"Ebrahim Elsangeedy, Dina N Yamaleyeva, Nicholas P Edenhoffer, Allyson Deak, Anna Soloshenko, Jonathan Ray, Xuming Sun, Omar H Shaltout, Nildris Cruz-Diaz, Brian Westwood, Daniel Kim-Shapiro, Debra I Diz, Shay Soker, Victor M Pulgar, April Ronca, Jeffrey S Willey, Liliya M Yamaleyeva","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00450-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-024-00450-z","url":null,"abstract":"Men and women have different cardiovascular responses to spaceflight; however, few studies have focused on direct comparisons between sexes. We investigated the mechanisms of aortic stiffening in socially and sexually mature 20-week-old male and female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats exposed to hindlimb unloading (HLU) for 14 days. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was greater in the aortic arch of females after HLU versus control females (n = 6-8). HLU had no effect on aortic PWV in males (n = 5-6). Aortic α smooth muscle actin, myosin, collagen, elastin, and collagen-to-elastin ratio were not different in rats of either sex following HLU. The levels of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) were lower in the aorta of SD females exposed to HLU compared with female controls but were not altered in males. HLU females also had lower aortic PPARγ, increased oxidative stress markers, and diastolic dysfunction compared with control females. GPER agonist G1 prevented the increase in PWV and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine without altering PPARγ or p47phox in HLU females (n = 4 in each group) suggesting that lower GPER may contribute to arterial stiffening in the setting of simulated microgravity. This study highlights sex-specific vascular adaptations to the state of simulated microgravity.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"10 1","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11659408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative study of gravity effects in directional solidification of Al-3.5 wt.% Si and Al-10 wt.% Cu alloys. Al-3.5 wt.% Si 和 Al-10 wt.% Cu 合金定向凝固过程中重力效应的比较研究。

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00454-9

Guiyuan Zhang, Xinghong Luo, Yang Li, Shi Liu

{"title":"Comparative study of gravity effects in directional solidification of Al-3.5 wt.% Si and Al-10 wt.% Cu alloys.","authors":"Guiyuan Zhang, Xinghong Luo, Yang Li, Shi Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00454-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-024-00454-9","url":null,"abstract":"Directional solidification experiments of Al-3.5 wt.% Si and Al-10 wt.% Cu alloys were conducted under gravity and microgravity conditions using a 50-m-high drop tube. The solidification morphology of the two alloys is mainly columnar dendrites and equiaxed dendrites, respectively. The dendrite arm spacing (DAS), eutectic content, grain size, and compositional distribution of both alloys exhibit distinct characteristics under gravity and microgravity conditions. The study introduces an innovative perspective by taking solute density and its redistribution behavior into account when discussing the gravity effects during the directional solidification of alloys. The results indicate that the way gravity works on the solidification behavior of alloys depends strongly on the redistribution behavior and density of solute as well as crystallization modes, such as columnar grain or equiaxed grain. These findings are helpful in clarifying the coupling mechanism of gravity and relevant factors on the solidification of alloys, not only contributing to understanding the effect of gravity on solidification better but also offering valuable guidance for eliminating solidification segregation and producing high-performance alloys.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"10 1","pages":"114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11659575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aerospace medicine in China: advancements and perspectives. 中国航空航天医学：进展与展望。

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00453-w

Anqing Wang, Jing Yang, Shiyi Tang, Yaoyuan Cui, Juan Zhao, Junxiao Wang, Xiaoyin Li, Yan Zhao, Guan Wang, Jichen Du

引用次数: 0

Hypothesis on the outflow of optic nerve cerebrospinal fluid in spaceflight associated neuro ocular syndrome. 关于太空飞行相关神经眼综合征中视神经脑脊液外流的假设。

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00449-6

Yuwei Hu, Yuanxi Lin, Lu Cheng, Yang Xu, Jian Zhang, Zheng Zheng, Huan Wang, Min Yan, Hui Chen

引用次数: 0

An advanced light scattering apparatus for investigating soft matter onboard the International Space Station. 国际空间站上用于研究软物质的先进光散射装置。

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00455-8

Alessandro Martinelli, Stefano Buzzaccaro, Quentin Galand, Juliette Behra, Niel Segers, Erik Leussink, Yadvender Singh Dhillon, Dominique Maes, James Lutsko, Roberto Piazza, Luca Cipelletti

引用次数: 0