npj Microgravity最新文献_第10页

Domains of life sciences in spacefaring: what, where, and how to get involved. 航天生命科学领域：参与的内容、地点和方式。

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00354-y

Aaron J Berliner, Spencer Zezulka, Gwyneth A Hutchinson, Sophia Bertoldo, Charles S Cockell, Adam P Arkin

引用次数: 0

Unlocking the potential: analyzing 3D microstructure of small-scale cement samples from space using deep learning. 挖掘潜力：利用深度学习从太空分析小规模水泥样品的三维微观结构。

IF 4.4 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00349-9

Vishnu Saseendran, Namiko Yamamoto, Peter J Collins, Aleksandra Radlińska, Sara Mueller, Enrique M Jackson

{"title":"Unlocking the potential: analyzing 3D microstructure of small-scale cement samples from space using deep learning.","authors":"Vishnu Saseendran, Namiko Yamamoto, Peter J Collins, Aleksandra Radlińska, Sara Mueller, Enrique M Jackson","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00349-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-024-00349-9","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the prohibitive cost of transporting raw materials into Space, in-situ materials along with cement-like binders are poised to be employed for extraterrestrial construction. A unique methodology for obtaining microstructural topology of cement samples hydrated in microgravity environment at the International Space Station (ISS) is presented here. Distinctive Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs of hardened tri-calcium silicate (C3S) samples were used as exemplars in a deep learning-based microstructure reconstruction framework. The proposed method aids in generation of an ensemble of microstructures that is inherently statistical in nature, by utilizing sparse experimental data such as the C3S samples hydrated in microgravity. The hydrated space-returned samples had exhibited higher porosity content (~70 %) with the portlandite phase assuming an elongated plate-like morphology. Qualitative assessment of the volumetric slices from the reconstructed volumes showcased similar visual characteristics to that of the target 2D exemplar. Detailed assessment of the reconstructed volumes was carried out using statistical descriptors, and was further compared against micro-CT virtual data. The reconstructed volumes captured the unique microstructural morphology of the hardened C3S samples of both space-returned and ground-based samples, and can be directly employed as Representative Volume Element (RVE) to characterize mechanical/transport properties.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"10 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11381549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139565379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of space travel on human reproductive health: a systematic review. 太空旅行对人类生殖健康的影响：系统回顾。

IF 5.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00351-1

Marta Gimunová, Ana Carolina Paludo, Martina Bernaciková, Julie Bienertova-Vasku

{"title":"The effect of space travel on human reproductive health: a systematic review.","authors":"Marta Gimunová, Ana Carolina Paludo, Martina Bernaciková, Julie Bienertova-Vasku","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00351-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-024-00351-1","url":null,"abstract":"With increasing possibilities of multi-year missions in deep space, colonizing other planets, and space tourism, it is important to investigate the effects of space travel on human reproduction. This study aimed to systematically review and summarize the results of available literature on space travel, microgravity, and space radiation, or Earth-based spaceflight analogues impact on female and male reproductive functions in humans. This systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and Space Biomedicine Systematic Review methods. The search was performed using three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline Complete. During the database search, 364 studies were identified. After the study selection process, 16 studies were included in the review. Five studies included female participants, and the findings show an increased risk of thromboembolism in combined oral contraceptive users, decreased decidualization, functional insufficiency of corpus luteum, and decreased progesterone and LH levels related to space travel or its simulation. Male participants were included in 13 studies. In males, reproductive health considerations focused on the decrease in testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels, the ratio of male offspring, sperm motility, sperm vitality, and the increase in sperm DNA fragmentation related to space travel or its simulation. Results of this systematic review highlight the need to focus more on the astronaut's reproductive health in future research, as only 16 studies were found during the literature search, and many more research questions related to reproductive health in astronauts still need to be answered.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"10 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10796912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139491953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative ultrasound image assessment of the optic nerve subarachnoid space during 90-day head-down tilt bed rest. 90 天低头倾斜卧床期间视神经蛛网膜下腔的定量超声图像评估。

IF 5.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00347-x

Yuan Xie, Yingdi Fu, Yaqi Shao, Lina Qu, Jiangang Yang, Chengjia Yang, Kun Zhou, Kai Li, Zi Xu, Dong Xu, Kai Cao, Ning Tian, Ke Lv, Linjie Wang, Yaping Wang, Ningli Wang, Yinghui Li

{"title":"Quantitative ultrasound image assessment of the optic nerve subarachnoid space during 90-day head-down tilt bed rest.","authors":"Yuan Xie, Yingdi Fu, Yaqi Shao, Lina Qu, Jiangang Yang, Chengjia Yang, Kun Zhou, Kai Li, Zi Xu, Dong Xu, Kai Cao, Ning Tian, Ke Lv, Linjie Wang, Yaping Wang, Ningli Wang, Yinghui Li","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00347-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-024-00347-x","url":null,"abstract":"The elevation in the optic nerve sheath (ONS) pressure (ONSP) due to microgravity-induced headward fluid shift is the primary hypothesized contributor to SANS. This longitudinal study aims to quantify the axial plane of the optic nerve subarachnoid space area (ONSSA), which is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and expands with elevated ONSP during and after head-down tilt (HDT) bed rest (BR). 36 healthy male volunteers (72 eyes) underwent a 90-day strict 6° HDT BR. Without obtaining the pre-HDT data, measurements were performed on days 30, 60, and 90 during HDT and at 6 recovery time points extended to 180-days (R + 180) in a supine position. Portable B-scan ultrasound was performed using the 12 MHz linear array probe binocularly. The measurements of the ONS and the calculation of the ONSSA were performed with ImageJ 1.51 analysis software by two experienced observers in a masked manner. Compared to R + 180, the ONSSA on HDT30, HDT60, and HDT90 exhibited a consistently significant distention of 0.44 mm2 (95% CI: 0.13 to 0.76 mm2, P = 0.001), 0.45 mm2 (95% CI: 0.15 to 0.75 mm2, P = 0.001), and 0.46 mm2 (95% CI: 0.15 to 0.76 mm2, P < 0.001), respectively, and recovered immediately after HDT on R + 2. Such small changes in the ONSSA were below the lateral resolution limit of ultrasound (0.4 mm) and may not be clinically relevant, possibly due to ONS hysteresis causing persistent ONS distension. Future research can explore advanced quantitative portable ultrasound-based techniques and establish comparisons containing the pre-HDT measurements to deepen our understanding of SANS.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"10 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10794463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139486193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphologic and genomic changes of thyroid cancer cell lines exposed to conditions of simulated microgravity. 暴露于模拟微重力条件下的甲状腺癌细胞系的形态学和基因组变化。

IF 5.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00346-y

Jong-Hyuk Ahn, Sungyeon Park, Young Mi Hwang, Yun Suk Choi, Jin Wook Yi

{"title":"Morphologic and genomic changes of thyroid cancer cell lines exposed to conditions of simulated microgravity.","authors":"Jong-Hyuk Ahn, Sungyeon Park, Young Mi Hwang, Yun Suk Choi, Jin Wook Yi","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00346-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-024-00346-y","url":null,"abstract":"Microgravity in space impacts human health. In particular, thyroid cancer, which has a high incidence rate, has been the subject of numerous studies with respect to microgravity. However, most studies have focused on Western follicular thyroid cancer cell lines, while data regarding the effects of microgravity on Asian cell lines are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of simulated ground-based microgravity on two Korean thyroid cancer cell lines, namely SNU-790 and SNU-80. We found that both cell lines formed multicellular spheroids under simulated microgravity. Gene expression analysis revealed that in SNU-790 cells, histone-related genes were upregulated and microRNA-related genes were downregulated. Meanwhile, in SNU-80 cells, genes related to the cellular response to hypoxia were downregulated. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the effects of microgravity on thyroid cancer cells. Further validation studies and clinical significance analyses are needed to fully understand the implications of these findings.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"10 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10789769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139473119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling large scale artery haemodynamics from the heart to the eye in response to simulated microgravity 模拟微重力下从心脏到眼睛的大尺度动脉血流动力学模型

IF 5.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-01-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00348-w

H. Caddy, L. Kelsey, L. Parker, Daniel J. Green, Barry J. Doyle

引用次数: 0

Changes in real-world walking speed following 60-day bed-rest. 卧床 60 天后实际行走速度的变化。

IF 5.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-01-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00342-8

Marcello Grassi, Fiona Von Der Straten, Charlotte Pearce, Jessica Lee, Marcin Mider, Uwe Mittag, Wolfram Sies, Edwin Mulder, Martin Daumer, Jörn Rittweger

{"title":"Changes in real-world walking speed following 60-day bed-rest.","authors":"Marcello Grassi, Fiona Von Der Straten, Charlotte Pearce, Jessica Lee, Marcin Mider, Uwe Mittag, Wolfram Sies, Edwin Mulder, Martin Daumer, Jörn Rittweger","doi":"10.1038/s41526-023-00342-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-023-00342-8","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to explore whether real-world walking speed (RWS) would change as a consequence of 60-day bed-rest. The main hypothesis was that daily RWS would decrease after the bed-rest, with a subsequent recovery during the first days of re-ambulation. Moreover, an exploratory analysis was done in order to understand whether there is an agreement between the loss in RWS after bed-rest and the loss in the maximum oxygen uptake capacity (VO2max), or the loss in maximal vertical jump power (JUMP) respectively. Twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a continuous artificial gravity group, an intermittent artificial gravity group, or a control group. The fitted linear mixed effects model showed a significant decrease (p < 0.001) of RWS after the 60-day bed-rest and a subsequent increase (p < 0.001) of RWS during the 14-day recovery period in the study facility. No or little agreement was found between the loss in RWS and the loss in VO2max capacity or the loss in maximal vertical jumping power (RWS vs. VO2max: p = 0.81, RWS vs. JUMP: p = 0.173). Decreased RWS after bed-rest, with a follow-up recovery was observed for all three groups, regardless of the training intervention. This suggests that RWS, also in these settings, was able to reflect a de-conditioning and follow-up recovery process.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"10 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10786829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139432420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sensorimotor adaptation of locomotor synergies to gravitational constraint. 运动协同对重力约束的感觉运动适应。

IF 5.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00350-2

Etienne Guillaud, Vincent Leconte, Emilie Doat, Dominique Guehl, Jean-René Cazalets

{"title":"Sensorimotor adaptation of locomotor synergies to gravitational constraint.","authors":"Etienne Guillaud, Vincent Leconte, Emilie Doat, Dominique Guehl, Jean-René Cazalets","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00350-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-024-00350-2","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of gravity on lower limb muscle coordination during pedaling. It explores how pedaling behaviors, kinematics, and muscle activation patterns dynamically adapts to changes in gravity and resistance levels. The experiment was conducted in parabolic flights, simulating microgravity, hypergravity (1.8 g), and normogravity conditions. Participants pedaled on an ergometer with varying resistances. The goal was to identify potential changes in muscle synergies and activation strategies under different gravitational contexts. Results indicate that pedaling cadence adjusted naturally in response to both gravity and resistance changes. Cadence increased with higher gravity and decreased with higher resistance levels. Muscular activities were characterized by two synergies representing pull and push phases of pedaling. The timing of synergy activation was influenced by gravity, with a delay in activation observed in microgravity compared to other conditions. Despite these changes, the velocity profile of pedaling remained stable across gravity conditions. The findings strongly suggest that the CNS dynamically manages the shift in body weight by finely tuning muscular coordination, thereby ensuring the maintenance of a stable motor output. Furthermore, electromyography analysis suggest that neuromuscular discharge frequencies were not affected by gravity changes. This implies that the types of muscle fibers recruited during exercise in modified gravity are similar to those used in normogravity. This research has contributed to a better understanding of how the human locomotor system responds to varying gravitational conditions, shedding light on the potential mechanisms underlying astronauts' gait changes upon returning from space missions.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"10 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10784505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139426056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuro-ophthalmological changes in healthy females exposed to a 5-day dry immersion: a pilot study. 健康女性暴露于为期 5 天的干燥浸泡环境中的神经眼科变化：一项试点研究。

IF 5.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00344-0

Marc Kermorgant, Thibault Chedmail, Fanny Varenne, Marie-Pierre Bareille, Arnaud Beck, Rebecca Billette de Villemeur, Pierre Fournié, Lisa Grondin, Ophélie Hélissen, Charlotte Membrives, Nathalie Nasr, Anne Pavy-Le Traon, Vincent Soler

{"title":"Neuro-ophthalmological changes in healthy females exposed to a 5-day dry immersion: a pilot study.","authors":"Marc Kermorgant, Thibault Chedmail, Fanny Varenne, Marie-Pierre Bareille, Arnaud Beck, Rebecca Billette de Villemeur, Pierre Fournié, Lisa Grondin, Ophélie Hélissen, Charlotte Membrives, Nathalie Nasr, Anne Pavy-Le Traon, Vincent Soler","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00344-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-024-00344-0","url":null,"abstract":"After exposure to microgravity, astronauts undergo microgravity-induced thoraco-cephalic fluid shift, which may lead to ocular changes called \"spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome\" (SANS). The onset of SANS may be multifactorial, including a potential elevation in intracranial pressure. Moreover, little is known about the impact of spaceflight on SANS in women due to the fact that fewer female astronauts have spent time in long-term missions. The objective is to determine whether similar ophthalmological changes occur in healthy women after short-term exposure to microgravity. The auto-refractometer was used to determine objective refraction. The best corrected distance visual acuity was assessed with a Monoyer chart. The ocular axial length was assessed using optical biometry. The applanation tonometry was used to determine intraocular pressure. Peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (pRNFLT), macular total retinal thickness, and ganglion cell complex (GCC) were measured using optical coherence tomography. Ocular axial length is reduced after DI. pRNFL is thickest after DI specifically in the temporal, temporal-inferior, and nasal-inferior quadrants. Macular total retinal at the inferior quadrant of the 6-mm ring is thickest after DI. Global GCC is thinnest after DI. In this study, 5 days of DI induces slight but significant ophthalmological changes in women. However, these subtle changes do not correspond to criteria defined in SANS.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"10 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10784282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139426044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Whole transcriptome analysis highlights nutrient limitation of nitrogen cycle bacteria in simulated microgravity. 全转录组分析凸显了模拟微重力条件下氮循环细菌的营养限制。

IF 5.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00345-z

Tom Verbeelen, Celia Alvarez Fernandez, Thanh Huy Nguyen, Surya Gupta, Raf Aarts, Kevin Tabury, Baptiste Leroy, Ruddy Wattiez, Siegfried E Vlaeminck, Natalie Leys, Ramon Ganigué, Felice Mastroleo

{"title":"Whole transcriptome analysis highlights nutrient limitation of nitrogen cycle bacteria in simulated microgravity.","authors":"Tom Verbeelen, Celia Alvarez Fernandez, Thanh Huy Nguyen, Surya Gupta, Raf Aarts, Kevin Tabury, Baptiste Leroy, Ruddy Wattiez, Siegfried E Vlaeminck, Natalie Leys, Ramon Ganigué, Felice Mastroleo","doi":"10.1038/s41526-024-00345-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-024-00345-z","url":null,"abstract":"Regenerative life support systems (RLSS) will play a vital role in achieving self-sufficiency during long-distance space travel. Urine conversion into a liquid nitrate-based fertilizer is a key process in most RLSS. This study describes the effects of simulated microgravity (SMG) on Comamonas testosteroni, Nitrosomonas europaea, Nitrobacter winogradskyi and a tripartite culture of the three, in the context of nitrogen recovery for the Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA). Rotary cell culture systems (RCCS) and random positioning machines (RPM) were used as SMG analogues. The transcriptional responses of the cultures were elucidated. For CO2-producing C. testosteroni and the tripartite culture, a PermaLifeTM PL-70 cell culture bag mounted on an in-house 3D-printed holder was applied to eliminate air bubble formation during SMG cultivation. Gene expression changes indicated that the fluid dynamics in SMG caused nutrient and O2 limitation. Genes involved in urea hydrolysis and nitrification were minimally affected, while denitrification-related gene expression was increased. The findings highlight potential challenges for nitrogen recovery in space.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"10 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10781756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0