npj Microgravity最新文献_第2页

3D printing of composites of Martian regolith simulants and cyanobacterial biomass towards sustainable material production on Mars. 3D打印火星风化模拟物和蓝藻生物量复合材料，实现火星可持续材料生产。

IF 4.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-025-00521-9

Sophia Mannes Guesser De Oliveira, Kurosch Rezwan, Cyprien Verseux, Michael Maas

{"title":"3D printing of composites of Martian regolith simulants and cyanobacterial biomass towards sustainable material production on Mars.","authors":"Sophia Mannes Guesser De Oliveira, Kurosch Rezwan, Cyprien Verseux, Michael Maas","doi":"10.1038/s41526-025-00521-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-025-00521-9","url":null,"abstract":"The long-term goal of establishing a sustained human presence on Mars requires the capacity to produce essential consumables on-site. To this end, we develop strategies for processing inorganic oxidic powders and biomass into highly particle-filled composites using direct ink writing (DIW) 3D printing. Our approach relies on a simulant of a Martian regolith unit rich in hydrated clay minerals and food-grade spirulina, used as proxies for local regolith and cyanobacterial biomass, respectively. The composites are further reinforced through crosslinking with the plant-based molecule genipin. Detailed rheological analysis was performed for the 3D printing feedstocks, while the printed composites were characterized using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), surface area porosity analysis (BET), microscopy and mechanical tests. Dissolution tests demonstrated that genipin effectively crosslinks the cyanobacterial biomass. The outcome is a highly porous, lightweight material with adaptable, complex morphology, which has significant potential for use in the resource-constrained environments of long-duration Mars missions.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"11 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crewmember demographic factors and their association with brain and ocular changes following spaceflight. 乘员人口统计因素及其与太空飞行后大脑和眼部变化的关系。

IF 4.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-025-00505-9

Heather R McGregor, Kathleen E Hupfeld, Ofer Pasternak, Nichole E Beltran, Yiri E De Dios, Jacob J Bloomberg, Scott J Wood, Roy F Riascos, Patricia A Reuter-Lorenz, Rachael D Seidler

{"title":"Crewmember demographic factors and their association with brain and ocular changes following spaceflight.","authors":"Heather R McGregor, Kathleen E Hupfeld, Ofer Pasternak, Nichole E Beltran, Yiri E De Dios, Jacob J Bloomberg, Scott J Wood, Roy F Riascos, Patricia A Reuter-Lorenz, Rachael D Seidler","doi":"10.1038/s41526-025-00505-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-025-00505-9","url":null,"abstract":"More people are traveling to space for longer durations than ever before. Many long-duration flyers exhibit signs of Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS). A greater understanding of the mechanisms and predictors of SANS may lead to new, more individually tailored countermeasures. Our objective here was to determine whether brain and ocular changes with spaceflight are related to each other and/or to crewmember demographic factors, including sex, age, body mass index, and prior spaceflight experience. We assessed brain change and ocular change associations and predictive models of changes in a cohort study. Our samples included 30 crewmembers with brain MRI but not ocular metrics, 37 with ocular but not brain MRI, and 22 with both sets of data. Approximately 25% of participants in each of these samples were female. Females showed greater free water reduction around the vertex of the brain from pre- to postflight than males. While not statistically significant, the odds ratio of males developing signs of SANS was approximately three times higher than for females. Unlike in past smaller studies, we found no association between brain changes and the development of signs of SANS. Interpretation of these findings should be tempered by the fact that our sample included a relatively small number of females.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"11 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12394539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glass-forming ability of La₂O₃-Nb₂O₅ evaluated via thermophysical properties under microgravity. 用热物理性质评价了La2O3-Nb2O5在微重力下的玻璃化能力。

IF 4.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-025-00520-w

Atsunobu Masuno, Chihiro Koyama, Shinji Kohara, Shunta Sasaki, Satoshi Izumi, Tomoharu Matsuya, Yuki Mikami, Kenta Yoshida, Hirotaka Kobayashi, Yuki Watanabe, Akitoshi Mizuno, Hirohisa Oda, Yuta Shuseki, Manabu Watanabe, Junpei T Okada, Takehiko Ishikawa

{"title":"Glass-forming ability of La2O3-Nb2O5 evaluated via thermophysical properties under microgravity.","authors":"Atsunobu Masuno, Chihiro Koyama, Shinji Kohara, Shunta Sasaki, Satoshi Izumi, Tomoharu Matsuya, Yuki Mikami, Kenta Yoshida, Hirotaka Kobayashi, Yuki Watanabe, Akitoshi Mizuno, Hirohisa Oda, Yuta Shuseki, Manabu Watanabe, Junpei T Okada, Takehiko Ishikawa","doi":"10.1038/s41526-025-00520-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-025-00520-w","url":null,"abstract":"The La2O3-Nb2O5 binary system is a unique glass-forming system without conventional network former oxides, exhibiting two distinct glass-forming regions: La2O3-rich and Nb2O5-rich compositions. To evaluate its glass-forming ability, the temperature dependence of density, viscosity, and surface tension was measured using the electrostatic levitation furnace aboard the International Space Station (ISS-ELF). Melt density showed linear temperature dependence, and thermal expansion coefficients at 2000 K varied from 2.5 × 10-5 to 4.0 × 10-5 K-1. Substantial undercooling was observed for glass-forming compositions. Viscosity measurements above the melting point revealed that both La2O3-rich and Nb2O5-rich melts behave as fragile liquids. Activation energy derived from viscosity data was higher for glass-forming compositions. These results suggest that glass-forming ability can be assessed based on undercooling and activation energy across a wide compositional range, including non-glass-forming melts. The ISS-ELF experiments provide a valuable platform for understanding glass formation in systems inaccessible by terrestrial techniques.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"11 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Critical investments in bioregenerative life support systems for bioastronautics and sustainable lunar exploration. 对生物航天和可持续月球探测的生物再生生命支持系统的关键投资。

IF 4.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-025-00518-4

D Marshall Porterfield, Dana Tulodziecki, Raymond Wheeler, Mai'a K Davis Cross, Oscar Monje, Lynn J Rothschild, Richard J Barker, Hansjorg Schwertz, Steven Collicott, Som Dutta

引用次数: 0

Increasing seated reaction forces with lower body negative pressure. 下体负压增加坐式反作用力。

IF 4.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-025-00512-w

Suhas Rao Velichala, Jonathan Kim, Alan R Hargens

引用次数: 0

Implications of sex differences in orthostatic tolerance during exposure to acute artificial gravity. 暴露于急性人工重力时直立耐受的性别差异的意义。

IF 4.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-025-00516-6

Jason T Fisher, Igor B Mekjavic, Urša Ciuha

{"title":"Implications of sex differences in orthostatic tolerance during exposure to acute artificial gravity.","authors":"Jason T Fisher, Igor B Mekjavic, Urša Ciuha","doi":"10.1038/s41526-025-00516-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-025-00516-6","url":null,"abstract":"Development of countermeasures to minimise spaceflight deconditioning is of paramount importance, such as the short-arm human centrifuge (SAHC); however, sex differences in cardiovascular responses should be considered. 20 participants (female = 10, male = 10) conducted an identical centrifugation protocol of 10-min phases of standing (NG), 1Gz centrifugation (1GRF), and 2Gz centrifugation (2GRF). Separated by 10-min each in hot (29.1 ± 0.8 °C) conditions, and either normoxia (PO2 = 133 mmHg) or hypoxia (PO2 = 92 mmHg). Haemodynamics, microvascular blood flow (arm and leg) and temperatures (skin and gastrointestinal) were continuously recorded. At 2GRF, females lasted 2.7 ± 1.6 min less than males. Arm blood flow significantly decreased, and leg blood flow increased, in 2GRF (p > 0.001); with higher female leg blood flow in 2GRF (p = 0.002). 2GRF altered all haemodynamic variables and females exhibited significantly higher heart rate, and lower stroke volume index (p < 0.001). Female participants exhibited greater cardiovascular strain, and encountered pre-syncopal symptoms earlier, during 2GRF. Future research should consider individualised and tolerable gravitational loads.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"11 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12343992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144838585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In vitro evidence of bubble-induced acoustic softening and Sanal flow choking in cardiovascular decompression. 心血管减压术中气泡诱导的声软化和血流窒息的体外证据。

IF 4.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-025-00517-5

V R Sanal Kumar, Pradeep Kumar Radhakrishnan, Dhruv Panchal, Dekkala Vinay, Yash Raj, Raunak Sharma, Yaman Vohra, Shivansh Rana, Sanjay Singh

{"title":"In vitro evidence of bubble-induced acoustic softening and Sanal flow choking in cardiovascular decompression.","authors":"V R Sanal Kumar, Pradeep Kumar Radhakrishnan, Dhruv Panchal, Dekkala Vinay, Yash Raj, Raunak Sharma, Yaman Vohra, Shivansh Rana, Sanjay Singh","doi":"10.1038/s41526-025-00517-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41526-025-00517-5","url":null,"abstract":"When astronauts or divers experience a rapid drop in surrounding pressure, tiny gas bubbles can form in their blood-a condition that can threaten heart and vessel function. In this study, we simulated such decompression using fresh, warmed blood samples (37-40 °C) placed in a vacuum chamber. Bubbles consistently appeared near 600 mmHg. Their formation led to acoustic softening, a sharp drop in the speed of sound through blood. As flow velocity remained unchanged, the rising local Mach number brought the system closer to Sanal flow choking, triggered at a critical pressure ratio. Once choking occurs, it can lead to localized supersonic zones and abrupt pressure jumps. Additionally, bubbles may coalesce and block narrow vessels-a phenomenon akin to vapor lock-further impeding circulation. These findings reveal a novel mechanistic link between microbubble formation, acoustic softening, and flow choking, offering valuable insights for protecting cardiovascular health during spaceflight and rapid decompression events.","PeriodicalId":54263,"journal":{"name":"npj Microgravity","volume":"11 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blood flow restriction training in microgravity: a review of multisystem physiological benefits and implementation challenges for long-duration space missions. 微重力条件下的血流限制训练：对长期太空任务的多系统生理益处和实施挑战的综述。

IF 4.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-025-00515-7

Mingzhen Hu, Wei Li, Qiushi Yin, Yuqing Liu, Lin Chen, Qin Ru, Guodong Xu, Yuxiang Wu

引用次数: 0

Space-driven ROS in cells: a hidden danger to astronaut health and food safety. 细胞中空间驱动的活性氧：对宇航员健康和食品安全的潜在危险。

IF 4.1 1区物理与天体物理

npj Microgravity Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-025-00492-x

Majid Mokhtari, Sigrid S Reinsch, Borja Barbero Barcenilla, Kobra Ziyaei, Richard John Barker

引用次数: 0

Developing artificially intelligent agents to support earth independent medical capabilities during human exploration-class space missions. 开发人工智能代理，在人类探索级空间任务期间支持独立于地球的医疗能力。