IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits最新文献_第6页

Dynamical System-Based Computational Models for Solving Combinatorial Optimization on Hypergraphs 基于动力学系统的超图组合优化计算模型

IF 2.4

IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.1109/JXCDC.2023.3235113

Mohammad Khairul Bashar;Antik Mallick;Avik W. Ghosh;Nikhil Shukla

{"title":"Dynamical System-Based Computational Models for Solving Combinatorial Optimization on Hypergraphs","authors":"Mohammad Khairul Bashar;Antik Mallick;Avik W. Ghosh;Nikhil Shukla","doi":"10.1109/JXCDC.2023.3235113","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JXCDC.2023.3235113","url":null,"abstract":"The intrinsic energy minimization in dynamical systems offers a valuable tool for minimizing the objective functions of computationally challenging problems in combinatorial optimization. However, most prior works have focused on mapping such dynamics to combinatorial optimization problems whose objective functions have quadratic degree [e.g., maximum cut (MaxCut)]; such problems can be represented and analyzed using graphs. However, the work on developing such models for problems that need objective functions with degree greater than two, and subsequently, entail the use of hypergraph data structures, is relatively sparse. In this work, we develop dynamical system-inspired computational models for several such problems. Specifically, we define the “energy function” for hypergraph-based combinatorial problems ranging from Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) and its variants to integer factorization, and subsequently, define the resulting system dynamics. We also show that the design approach is applicable to optimization problems with quadratic degree, and use it to develop a new dynamical system formulation for minimizing the Ising Hamiltonian. Our work not only expands on the scope of problems that can be directly mapped to, and solved using physics-inspired models, but also creates new opportunities to design high-performance accelerators for solving combinatorial optimization.","PeriodicalId":54149,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits","volume":"9 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/6570653/10138050/10011425.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48914151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Random Bitstream Generation Using Voltage-Controlled Magnetic Anisotropy and Spin Orbit Torque Magnetic Tunnel Junctions 利用压控磁各向异性和自旋轨道转矩磁隧道结产生随机比特流

IF 2.4

IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits Pub Date : 2022-12-23 DOI: 10.1109/JXCDC.2022.3231550

Samuel Liu;Jaesuk Kwon;Paul W. Bessler;Suma G. Cardwell;Catherine Schuman;J. Darby Smith;James B. Aimone;Shashank Misra;Jean Anne C. Incorvia

{"title":"Random Bitstream Generation Using Voltage-Controlled Magnetic Anisotropy and Spin Orbit Torque Magnetic Tunnel Junctions","authors":"Samuel Liu;Jaesuk Kwon;Paul W. Bessler;Suma G. Cardwell;Catherine Schuman;J. Darby Smith;James B. Aimone;Shashank Misra;Jean Anne C. Incorvia","doi":"10.1109/JXCDC.2022.3231550","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JXCDC.2022.3231550","url":null,"abstract":"Probabilistic computing using random number generators (RNGs) can leverage the inherent stochasticity of nanodevices for system-level benefits. Device candidates for this application need to produce highly random “coinflips” while also having tunable biasing of the coin. The magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) has been studied as an RNG due to its thermally-driven magnetization dynamics, often using spin transfer torque (STT) current amplitude to control the random switching of the MTJ free layer (FL) magnetization, here called the stochastic write method. There are additional knobs to control the MTJ-RNG, including voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) and spin orbit torque (SOT), and there is a need to systematically study and compare these methods. We build an analytical model of the MTJ to characterize using VCMA and SOT to generate random bit streams. The results show that both methods produce high-quality, uniformly distributed bitstreams. Biasing the bitstreams using either STT current or an applied magnetic field shows a sigmoidal distribution versus bias amplitude for both VCMA and SOT, compared to less sigmoidal for stochastic write. The energy consumption per sample is calculated to be 0.1 pJ (SOT), 1 pJ (stochastic write), and 20 pJ (VCMA), revealing the potential energy benefit of using SOT and showing using VCMA may require higher damping materials. The generated bitstreams are then applied to two tasks: generating an arbitrary probability distribution and using the MTJ-RNGs as stochastic neurons to perform simulated annealing, where both VCMA and SOT methods show the ability to effectively minimize the system energy with a small delay and low energy. These results show the flexibility of the MTJ as a true RNG and elucidate design parameters for optimizing the device operation for applications.","PeriodicalId":54149,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits","volume":"8 2","pages":"194-202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/6570653/9998452/09998481.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41722839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

High-Density Spin–Orbit Torque Magnetic Random Access Memory With Voltage-Controlled Magnetic Anisotropy/Spin-Transfer Torque Assist 具有电压控制磁各向异性/自旋传递转矩辅助的高密度自旋轨道转矩磁随机存取存储器

IF 2.4

IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.1109/JXCDC.2022.3230925

Piyush Kumar;Azad Naeemi

引用次数: 1

Self-Reset Schemes for Magnetic Domain Wall-Based Neuron 基于磁畴壁的神经元自复位方案

IF 2.4

IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.1109/JXCDC.2022.3227774

Debasis Das;Xuanyao Fong

引用次数: 1

Review of Magnetic Tunnel Junctions for Stochastic Computing 随机计算中磁隧道结的研究进展

IF 2.4

IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.1109/JXCDC.2022.3227062

Brandon R. Zink;Yang Lv;Jian-Ping Wang

引用次数: 6

INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS 作者信息

IF 2.4

IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/JXCDC.2022.3231761

引用次数: 0

SSRL: Single Skyrmion Reconfigurable Logic Utilizing 2-D Magnus Force on Magnetic Racetracks SSRL:在磁性赛道上利用二维磁力的单个Skyrmion可重构逻辑

IF 2.4

IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/JXCDC.2023.3238030

Mohammad Nazmus Sakib;Hamed Vakili;Samiran Ganguly;Avik W. Ghosh;Mircea Stan

{"title":"SSRL: Single Skyrmion Reconfigurable Logic Utilizing 2-D Magnus Force on Magnetic Racetracks","authors":"Mohammad Nazmus Sakib;Hamed Vakili;Samiran Ganguly;Avik W. Ghosh;Mircea Stan","doi":"10.1109/JXCDC.2023.3238030","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JXCDC.2023.3238030","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic racetrack memory has frequently been complicated by the pinning of domain wall bits on the one hand and the need to engineer precise synchronization and inter-track repulsion between skyrmionic bits on the other. Such proposals, however, do not capitalize on the complex 2-D motion of skyrmions, such as transverse Magnus force that tends to deviate the skyrmion trajectory from rectilinear motion along the current drive. The transverse deviation associated with such a skyrmion Hall effect is normally considered a liability for skyrmions, and efforts have focused on eliminating rather than utilizing it for proposed device applications. We propose a simple single skyrmion-based circuit macro with elementary and higher-order logic gates that utilize Magnus force and propose reconfigurable logic built on these gates. We demonstrate the reliability of the proposed approach with micromagnetics simulation. The energy consumption in this circuit lies mainly in the overhead, with the racetrack consuming a small fraction. The energy–delay product (EDP) is correspondingly low and can be improved by boosting the skyrmion speed.","PeriodicalId":54149,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits","volume":"8 2","pages":"203-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/6570653/9998452/10021607.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41852686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits publication information 探索性固态计算器件和电路IEEE杂志出版信息

IF 2.4

IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/JXCDC.2022.3231737

引用次数: 0

Special Topic on Energy-Efficient Compute-in-Memory With Emerging Devices 专题:新兴设备的节能内存计算

IF 2.4

IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/JXCDC.2022.3231764

Jae-Sun Seo

引用次数: 0

RFIC 2023 Call for Papers RFIC 2023征稿

IF 2.4

IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/JXCDC.2022.3218810

引用次数: 0