Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica最新文献

{"title":"Microbiological quality and antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in drinking water systems of the old terminal of Jorge Chávez International Airport: potential role as environmental reservoir.","authors":"Leonardo Enrique Sulca-Galarza, Rigoberto Cilis Robles-Camarena, Tito Libio Sánchez-Rojas, Aldo Franco Rodríguez-Gonzales","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15160","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the microbiological quality of water for human consumption at an international airport in Peru according to national regulations, to evaluate the phenotypic antimicrobial resistance patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from water systems, and to explore its possible role as an environmental reservoir of resistant bacteria at an international entry point.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 2024. A total of 145 water samples from airport terminal taps, restaurants, supplier companies, wells, and aircraft were analyzed. Microbiological indicators were evaluated according to current national regulations, and the antimicrobial susceptibility of 67 P. aeruginosa isolates was determined by disk diffusion. MDR, XDR, and PDR classifications were established according to international criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>50.3% (73/145) of the samples did not meet the microbiological standards established by the regulations. P. aeruginosa was detected in 55.8% (81/145) of the samples. Of the 67 isolates analyzed, 38.8% were classified as MDR and 11.9% as XDR; no PDR isolates were identified. Concentrations exceeding 16 MPN/100 mL were observed at multiple points in the system, including aircraft.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The detection of resistant P. aeruginosa in airport water systems suggests sanitary vulnerabilities and a possible role as an environmental reservoir of resistant bacteria. It is recommended to strengthen microbiological surveillance and incorporate antimicrobial resistance assessment into water quality monitoring programs at international entry points.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"43 2","pages":"207-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intimate partner violence and its association with alexithymia in pregnant women from two hospitals in Cusco, Peru: an analytical cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ana Claudia Santander-Cahuantico, Maycol Suker Ccorahua-Rios, Jorge Luis Cabezas Límaco, Victor Hugo Arias Chavez, Alejandro Joaquin Santander-Cahuantico, Franklin Miranda-Solis","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.16064","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.16064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the association between intimate partner violence and alexithymia in pregnant women treated at two hospitals in Cusco, 2025.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted, which included 286 pregnant women treated in the outpatient clinics of Gynecology and Obstetrics at Hospital Antonio Lorena and Hospital Regional del Cusco between February and April 2025. Direct interviews were applied using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and the Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST). Statistical analysis was performed using the generalized linear model (GLM) with Poisson distribution, logarithmic link function, and robust variance, calculating adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>286 pregnant women were included. 71.7% presented alexithymia and 55.6% reported intimate partner violence (IPV). The study reveals that the prevalence of alexithymia was 50% higher in pregnant women with IPV (aPR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.26-1.79; p<0.001), adjusted for origin, educational level, employment status, economic situation, number of gestations, and pregnancy planning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intimate partner violence was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of alexithymia in pregnant women treated at two hospitals in Cusco. Pregnant women exposed to violence showed a 50% higher prevalence of alexithymia, even after adjusting for sociodemographic and obstetric variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"43 2","pages":"189-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the safety notes of pharmaceutical products issued by two regulatory authorities from Latin America.","authors":"Katheryn Pérez-Salazar, Marilena Yataco-Camarena, L Yesenia Rodríguez-Tanta","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15489","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmaceutical product safety notes (PPSNs) are regulatory communications that disseminate updated information on the risks of pharmaceutical products (PPs). This study characterized the PPSNs issued by the Direccion General de Medicamentos, Insumos y Drogas (Peru) and the Instituto de Salud Publica de Chile (ISP) between 2014 and 2023. A retrospective analysis of PPSNs published on their websites was conducted. Those describing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were included. Data were extracted on the type of ADRs, regulatory actions, sources of evidence, and reasons for issuance. Of 746 PPSNs identified, 153 met the criteria (100 Peru, 53 Chile), with a monthly average of 0.83 and 0.44, respectively. Differences in content and PPs were observed. Both agencies based their PPSNs mainly on alerts from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The most frequent action was the modification of the technical data sheet; the ISP additionally implemented monitoring and restrictions. In conclusion, PPSNs depend on external alerts, which evidences the need to strengthen local pharmacovigilance and evaluate their impact on the safety of PPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"43 2","pages":"231-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substandard and falsified systemic anti-infectives in Peru.","authors":"Carlos Huamaní-Pacsi, Roberto Torres Olivera","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15577","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substandard and falsified (SF) systemic anti-infective medications (SAMs) detected by the National Health Authority of Peru between 2015 and 2023 were quantified and characterized. An observational, descriptive, and retrospective design was applied, based on test reports issued by the National Quality Control Center on the quality of SAIs, complemented with national evidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Of 9799 pharmaceutical products evaluated, 1247 (12.7%) were SF; of these, 189 (15.2%) corresponded to SF-SAM, with falsified ones predominating (11.0%). The main groups were β-lactams (27.5%), sulfonamides/tri-methoprim (26.5%), and quinolones (12.7%). 59.8% had informal origin, mostly from Lima (72%). The circulation of SF-SAM could promote selective pressure, the spread of AMR, and therapeutic failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"43 2","pages":"224-230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic response in South American countries: lessons learned and recommendations for health strengthening.","authors":"Víctor Suárez-Moreno","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15674","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic represented the greatest health and public management challenge of the 21st century for health systems in South America. Peru was one of the countries with the highest mortality rates globally during 2020 and 2021, a situation that evidenced deep structural gaps in its health system. This special article synthesizes the available scientific evidence on the response and lessons learned in South American countries facing the pandemic, based on a literature review published between 2020 and February 2025. It analyzes non-pharmacological interventions, the functioning of health services, the fight against the infodemic, social support, the use of telehealth, vaccination campaigns, and the innovations applied. Responses varied significantly among countries in terms of timeliness, scope, and effectiveness, allowing for the identification of key areas of intervention and replicable good practices. Among the most relevant lessons, the highlights include the need to strengthen critical health infrastructure, institutionalize telehealth, actively combat the infodemic, and promote research and innovation as strategic components of the response.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"43 2","pages":"260-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender disparities in the development of clinical practice guidelines in Peru.","authors":"Fabian A Chavez-Ecos, Patricia J Vera-Maccha, Sandra S Chavez-Malpartida, Leonardo J Uribe-Cavero, Alexander M Parra-Huaroto, Ana M Avalos-Bautista, Miguel A Chavez-Gutarra, Carlos Alva-Díaz, Wendy Nieto-Gutierrez","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15175","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore gender disparity in the development of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in Peru.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A descriptive and observational study was conducted. An electronic search for Peruvian CPGs published from 2015 until July 30, 2024, was performed. Microsoft Excel was used for data collection and RStudio for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>177 CPGs published between 2015 and 2024 were analyzed that reported information related to the CPG development group (CDG). In general, the CDGs included 1527 men (58.8%) and 1070 women (41.2%) among clinical experts and methodologists. Men predominated as clinical experts, especially in specialties such as internal medicine and surgery; while women predominated as methodologists. The specialty with the highest male predominance was internal medicine (61.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study revealed lower female participation in the development of CPGs in Peru, as well as greater gender disparity in participation in the surgical field and in public institutions. The low participation of women in leadership positions influences this gap. Strategies are required to improve gender equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"43 2","pages":"171-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaps between normative advancement and clinical response: the inclusion of the deaf community in Chilean public health.","authors":"Valeria Campos, Irene Villalobos-Saldivia, Sebastián Quiñones","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15099","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chile has experienced a progressive evolution of its regulatory framework toward a rights-based approach; however, the exclusion of the Deaf community in the health system persists. This research analyzes the political-institutional gaps between the regulatory framework of rights and clinical practices in the Chilean health system. The findings evidence a structural decoupling linked to institutional audism, which reduces Sign Language to an instrumental resource and prioritizes technocratic solutions of remote interpretation over in-person practices of cultural and communicative competence. Furthermore, judicialization has contributed to legitimizing the outsourcing of guarantees to the municipal level, deepening territorial inequities and worsening access, especially in high-complexity care. It is concluded that linguistic rights cannot depend on administrative wills and require a political-institutional reorientation with the structural incorporation of intercultural facilitators into the health network.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"43 2","pages":"251-259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated endometrial tuberculosis simulating endometrial cancer in an immunocompetent patient: a case report.","authors":"Juana V Vera-Vera, Cristhian K Landa-Huaman, Melissa A Romero-Aliaga, Fernando R Garayar-Burneo","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15677","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The case of a 58-year-old immunocompetent woman with no relevant medical history, presenting with pelvic pain and postmenopausal bleeding, is reported. Imaging studies revealed findings compatible with disseminated endometrial cancer, including pulmonary lesions suspicious for metastasis, for which advanced gynecological cancer was initially presumed; however, endometrial biopsy showed necrotizing granulomas with acid-fast bacilli, confirming endometrial tuberculosis (TB). Likewise, pulmonary TB involvement was evidenced (positive sputum smear), establishing the final diagnosis of disseminated TBsimulating a gynecological cancer. The patient received standard anti-TB treatment for six months, with complete remission of symptoms. A post-treatment follow-up biopsy was negative for TB. This case emphasizes the importance of considering genital TB in the differential diagnosis of gynecological neoplasms, even in immunocompetent postmenopausal patients, especially in TB-endemic regions, to ensure timely diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"43 2","pages":"273-277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and preliminary biomarker responses to capsules containing green coffee extract enriched with magnesium di-malate in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial.","authors":"Márcio Flávio Moura de Araújo, José Claudio Garcia Lira Neto, Francisca Sousa Lima Inácio, Thaimara Sousa Freitas Costa, Roberto Wagner Júnior Freire de Freitas, Marta Maria Coelho Damasceno, Maria do Livramento de Paula, Luis Fernando Costa Pereira, Camila Aparecida Pinheiro Landim Almeida, Carla Regina de Souza Teixeira","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15505","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the feasibility of a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention with capsules containing green coffee extract enriched with magnesium di-malate in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus, including overall adherence to capsule use and tolerability, as well as to explore preliminary between-group differences in glycemic and cardiovascular biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial included 48 eligible women with type 2 diabetes mellitus, equally assigned to the placebo group (n=24) or the experimental group (n=24). Participants received capsules daily for 12 weeks and were followed up through nursing consultations. Overall retention was 83.3% (40/48), and overall adherence to capsule use was estimated at over 82%. Glycemic biomarkers included fasting glucose, estimated mean glucose, HbA1c, insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β. Cardiovascular biomarkers included urea, creatinine, uric acid, apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, and the triglycerides-glucose index. Data were analyzed based on avail-able data from participants who completed follow-up and the final evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The protocol was feasible under the study conditions, although retention differed between groups. Glycemic biomarkers varied during follow-up in both groups, without conclusive evidence of a consistent between-group effect. In the experimental group, triglycerides and the triglycerides-glucose index showed numerical reductions, while uric acid fluctuated in both groups. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This pilot trial provided preliminary information on the feasibility of implementing this intervention in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The biomarker findings were exploratory and imprecise and do not allow for definitive conclusions on efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"43 2","pages":"179-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial evaluation of fidelity in the implementation of tuberculosis preventive treatment in people living with HIV in Paraguay: an implementation science study.","authors":"Derlis Duarte-Zoilan, María Patricia Arbeláez Montoya, Dione Benjumea-Bedoya","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15170","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2026.432.15170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate self-reported adherence to the essential components of tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT), as an estimate of partial implementation fidelity, and to explore the moderating factors influencing its implementation in two referral services in the Central Department, Paraguay.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A descriptive observational mixed-methods study with a convergent parallel design (January-May 2023) was conducted in two referral centers for people living with HIV. Partial implementation fidelity was estimated through self-reported adherence to the content and frequency dimensions of TPT implementation according to the National Tuberculosis Guide. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key stakeholders to identify barriers and facilitators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>11/13 physicians and 10 key stakeholders participated. Overall TPT fidelity was low (50.0%). Adherence to content was moderate (64.2%), while adherence to frequency was low (31.3%), evidencing a gap between perceived importance and clinical practice. The awareness/education component showed the lowest performance. The main barriers were identified in the internal environment, including organizational fragmentation between TB/HIV programs, limited resources, absence of operational protocols, and communication deficiencies. At the individual level, erroneous beliefs and low self-efficacy were identified. As facilitators, national normative alignment and the willingness of stakeholders to strengthen implementation were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low fidelity reflects mainly organizational and process failures, which highlights the need for facilitation strategies, interprogrammatic articulation, and capacity strengthening to achieve sustained implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"43 2","pages":"160-170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}