Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica最新文献

{"title":"Frequency and factors associated with the preference for self-testing for human papillomavirus detection.","authors":"María A Rosas-Mendoza, Yuly R Santos-Rosales, Marco A Chilipio-Chiclla","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14372","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Motivation for the study. Cervical screening is key to early detection of cancer, but its acceptability limits its implementation. It is essential to understand preferences for self-sampling to facilitate its implementation. Findings. Factors such as educational level, marital status, place of origin, religion, and knowledge are associated with a preference for self-sampling to detect human papillomavirus. Implications. Health authorities can use these findings to strengthen the promotion of self-sampling through educational campaigns focused on populations with factors that limit its acceptance, thereby improving screening coverage.</p><p><strong>Objective.: </strong>To analyze the frequency and factors associated with self-sampling preference for detecting human papillomavirus (HPV) in Peruvian women at a healthcare center, 2023-2024.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods.: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted. The sample consisted of 275 women aged 30 to 49 years who from the Rinconada Healthcare Center. The main variable was evaluated directly using a dichotomous question, which revealed the user's preference for this method of cervical sample collection for HPV detection. The instrument was a valid and reliable questionnaire. Multivariate statistics were used to find the associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results.: </strong>We found that 75.6% of users prefer self-sampling for HPV detection. Adjusted analysis showed that higher education (RPa=1.28; 95% CI: 1.01-1.64) and secondary education (RPa=1.46; 95% CI: 1.11-1.92) increased the likelihood of preferring self-sampling; while cohabiting marital status (RPa=0.61; 95% CI: 0.44-0.83), being from the rest of the coast (RPa=0.70; 95% CI: 0.50-0.97), Catholic religion (RPa=0.84; 95% CI: 0.74-0.96) and having a higher quartile of knowledge about HPV (RPa=0.88; 95% CI: 0.71-0.95) reduced the likelihood of preferring self-sampling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion.: </strong>The frequency of preference for self-sampling for HPV detection is high and is associated with secondary/higher education, cohabitation, living on the coast except for the capital, being Catholic, and having a higher level of knowledge about HPV.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Motivation for the study. Cervical screening is key to early detection of cancer, but its acceptability limits its implementation. It is essential to understand preferences for self-sampling to facilitate its implementation. Findings. Factors such as educational level, marital status, place of origin, religion, and knowledge are associated with a preference for self-sampling to detect human papillomavirus. Implications. Health authorities can use these findings to strengthen the promotion of self-sampling through educational campaigns focused on populations with factors that limit its acceptance, thereby improving screening coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"42 2","pages":"166-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryptococcus gattii meningitis in an immunocompromised patient in a hospital in the Peruvian Amazon: case report.","authors":"Angel A Moreno-Soto, Rodrigo J Cardenas-Golac, Marco F Paredes-Obando, Jhosephi J Vasquez-Ascate, Jorge Sibina-Vela, Edgar A Ramírez-García, Juan C Celis-Salinas, Wilfredo M Casapia-Morales","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14195","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a case of Cryptococcus gattii meningitis in a patient with HIV in the Peruvian Amazon. A 36-year-old male patient with severe neurological symptoms that was diagnosed by cerebrospinal fluid culture. Although liposomal amphotericin B and flucytosine are considered the standard antifungal therapy, due to a lack of resources, an alternative treatment of amphotericin B deoxycholate and fluconazole was used. Even with this alternative, treatment faced challenges due to the persistence of the microorganism. This case highlights the importance of considering C. gattii in the differential diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis in immunocompromised patients, even in areas where the prevalence of this pathogen is low. The effectiveness of treatment and the patient's survival underscore the need for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies adapted to resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"42 2","pages":"212-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action-research in the development of a change management model to strengthen health interventions with an intercultural approach, Peru.","authors":"Gualberto Segovia-Meza, Armando Medina-Ibañez, Marco Bartolo-Marchena, Betty Monteza-Facho","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14134","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present our experience in developing a change management model to strengthen intercultural health interventions in primary care. This is an action-research project involving health teams that mainly care for indigenous populations. The methodology included problem-based workshops and deductive analysis. The study was conducted in 44 health facilities in six regions, using a specific guide to build the change model. As a result, a change management model was developed, consisting of three main components: a change management guidance model, a change planning model, and change management meetings based on continuing health education. A change management model is presented to strengthen the prevention and control of health priorities with an intercultural approach, with the potential to improve the effectiveness of health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"42 2","pages":"203-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yellow fever in Peru and the Americas and the latent risk of reurbanuzation: an avoidable threat.","authors":"César Cabezas","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.15114","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.15114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"42 2","pages":"113-114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and temporal behavior of rocky mountain spotted fever in Sinaloa, Mexico: study period 2015-2023.","authors":"Ámbar Castellanos-Tamayo, Nallely Rivero-Perez, Benjamín Valladares-Carranza, Carla Rosenfel-Miranda, Yesica Morales-Ubaldo, José Esteban Aparicio-Burgos, Carolina G Sosa-Gutiérrez, Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14236","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Motivation for the study. Vector-borne diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever require constant monitoring of their spatial and temporal distribution patterns due to current climate change and atypical conditions. Main findings. Rocky Mountain spotted fever occurs in Sinaloa throughout the year, with endemic peaks during March, May, and July. In the municipality of Badiraguato, a relative risk of 6.89 was determined. Implications for public health. The results of this study show that there are municipalities in the state of Sinaloa with a higher risk of contracting Rocky Mountain spotted fever, so the Sinaloa Ministry of Health could implement prevention and health education programs to reduce the risk in these municipalities.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a disease caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, whose vector and natural reservoir is the tick. However, dogs play an important role in the transmission of this disease. This study aimed to determine the spatial and temporal behavior of RMSF in the state of Sinaloa, Mexico. Information was obtained from the RMSF cases reported during the period 2015-2023, and the temporal and spatial behavior was determined using an endemic channel and the SCAN statistic. The highest RMSF prevalence rate was determined in Escuinapa with 9.6 cases per 10,000 inhabitants. Regarding temporal behavior, three endemic peaks were detected in March, May, and July, and three RMSF clusters were identified, with the main cluster located in the municipality of Ahome with a relative risk of 4.9.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Motivation for the study. Vector-borne diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever require constant monitoring of their spatial and temporal distribution patterns due to current climate change and atypical conditions. Main findings. Rocky Mountain spotted fever occurs in Sinaloa throughout the year, with endemic peaks during March, May, and July. In the municipality of Badiraguato, a relative risk of 6.89 was determined. Implications for public health. The results of this study show that there are municipalities in the state of Sinaloa with a higher risk of contracting Rocky Mountain spotted fever, so the Sinaloa Ministry of Health could implement prevention and health education programs to reduce the risk in these municipalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"42 2","pages":"190-195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: complete genome sequencing of isolates from hospitals in Paraguay, 2021.","authors":"Nancy Melgarejo Touchet, Natalie Weiler, Sofía Busignani, Verónica Orrego, María José Duarte, Jazmin Martínez, Pamela Dunjo, Mario Martínez Mora, Aníbal Kawabata, Juan Irala, Mariel Brítez, Federico Escobar, Fátima Gonzalez, Carmen Riquelme, Beatriz Soilan","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14293","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14293","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Motivation for the study. To generate knowledge about the current situation of antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae using whole genome sequencing. Main findings. This study presents the first genome sequencing of double-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from patients with extended hospital stays in Paraguay. Of the seven double-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates, six were Klebsiella subsp pneumoniae. Implications. Our findings highlight the urgent need to strengthen measures to prevent and control healthcareassociated infections in order to prevent the spread of these highly resistant bacteria.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives.: &lt;/strong&gt;To describe the whole genome sequencing of double-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates circulating in Paraguay.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods.: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted genomic studies on seven Enterobacteriaceae isolates, previously confirmed as double-carbapenemase producers by PCR, from patients with extended hospital stays and broad-spectrum antimicrobial treatment in seven hospitals in Paraguay. Genome sequencing included Unicycler assembly and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results.: &lt;/strong&gt;Of the seven Enterobacterales isolates producing dual carbapenemases, six were Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae and one was Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae. The co-production of bla KPC-2/bla NDM-1 and bla KPC-2/bla NDM-5 was confirmed in K. pneumoniae. We found co-production of bla NDM-1/bla OXA-163 in E. cloacae, along with other antimicrobial resistance genes of chromosomal and plasmid origin. The MLST sequence types of the K. pneumoniae isolates were ST11, ST15, ST133, ST273, and ST1303, and that of E. cloacae was ST976. Two of the six K. pneumoniae ST11 isolates, from two different hospitals in the capital, were genetically related and both carried bla KPC-2 and bla NDM-5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions.: &lt;/strong&gt;We report the first genome sequencing of double-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales from patients with extended hospital stays in Paraguay. The analysis revealed diverse resistance profiles and clones, carriage of multiple carbapenemases, and other resistance genes of chromosomal and plasmid origin. These findings emphasize the need to strengthen hospital infection control and implement effective therapeutic interventions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Motivation for the study. To generate knowledge about the current situation of antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae using whole genome sequencing. Main findings. This study presents the first genome sequencing of double-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from patients with extended hospital stays in Paraguay. Of the seven double-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates, six were Klebsiella subsp pneumoniae. Implications. Our findings highlight the urgent need to strengthen measures to prevent and control healthcareass","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"42 2","pages":"138-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical profile of early-onset Alzheimer's disease in Peru: case series from a neurological care center.","authors":"Sheila Castro-Suarez, Jonathan A Zegarra-Valdivia, María Meza-Vega, Erik A Guevara-Silva","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14413","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Motivation for the study. To describe the clinical characteristics of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and compare them according to gender. This condition is considered a rare disease, whose manifestations are still poorly understood. Main findings. The most common clinical presentation of EOAD is the amnestic variant, which mainly affects episodic memory and executive function and is often accompanied by neuropsychiatric symptoms such as depression and irritability. Women tend to have more impairments in calculus, constructive apraxia, and visuospatial functions than men. Implications for public health. By identifying the clinical characteristics of EOAD, healthcare professionals can recognize patients early on. Furthermore, it is essential to broaden the concept of dementia, avoiding limiting it exclusively to the population over 65 years of age.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) accounts for between 5 and 10% of all cases of Alzheimer's disease and is a rare and devastating form of the disease. This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of patients diagnosed with EOAD between 2022 and 2023 at a tertiary neurological center in Lima, Peru. Of 547 cases of dementia, 60 met the criteria for EOAD. Most were women (73.3%), and 71% had more than six years of education. The mean MMSE score was 11.92 ± 7.5, and the mean CDR score was 2, indicating severe cognitive impairment and moderate dementia. The amnestic variant was the most common clinical form, highlighting the involvement of episodic memory and executive function. The most common psychological and behavioral symptoms were depression and irritability. Atypical features such as myoclonus (5%) and epilepsy (10%) were also identified. These findings highlight the importance of healthcare professionals recognizing dementia in young adults at an early stage and offering comprehensive management to improve the quality of life of patients and their families.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Motivation for the study. To describe the clinical characteristics of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and compare them according to gender. This condition is considered a rare disease, whose manifestations are still poorly understood. Main findings. The most common clinical presentation of EOAD is the amnestic variant, which mainly affects episodic memory and executive function and is often accompanied by neuropsychiatric symptoms such as depression and irritability. Women tend to have more impairments in calculus, constructive apraxia, and visuospatial functions than men. Implications for public health. By identifying the clinical characteristics of EOAD, healthcare professionals can recognize patients early on. Furthermore, it is essential to broaden the concept of dementia, avoiding limiting it exclusively to the population over 65 years of age.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"42 2","pages":"196-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis C reinfection in patients with sustained virologic response at a national hospital in Peru, 2024.","authors":"Rommel Zambrano-Huailla, Omar Rodríguez Lozano, César Castro Villalobos, Jorge Garavito-Rentería, César Cabezas","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14428","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14428","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"42 2","pages":"223-224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Genetic ancestry and the SNP RS4988235 of lactose tolerance in the population of Lima].","authors":"Sergio Vladimir Flores, Ángel Roco-Videla, Román M Montaña","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14223","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"42 2","pages":"225-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New world health organization guideline on anemia cut-off points: implications for children aged 6-35 months in Peru.","authors":"Miguel Campos-Sánchez, Luis Cordero-Muñoz, Enrique Velásquez-Hurtado, Nelly Baiocchi-Ureta, Marianella Miranda-Cuadros, María Inés Sánchez-Griñán, Walter Valdivia-Miranda","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14028","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14028","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Motivation for the study. In 2024, the World Health Organization modified the cut-off points that define anemia. The magnitude of the change in the prevalence of anemia in children aged 6-35 months in Peru, compared to the 2001 guideline, is unknown. Main findings. Between 2009 and 2023, we found significant and heterogeneous differences (a) nationally, (b) between and within regions, and (c) depending on the calculation technique (table or equation). Implications. The rationale for the 2024 guideline, while much better than that for the 2001 guideline, is not sufficient. The new guideline should be adopted with caution, both in individual care and population-related decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives.: &lt;/strong&gt;To compare annual national and regional prevalence rates of anemia, using the 2001 guideline versus the new 2024 guideline in children aged 6 to 35 months residing in Peru between 2009 and 2023. To assess whether differences exist between guidelines vary by region, setting, or year.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods.: &lt;/strong&gt;Secondary analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey (continuous national random sample, stratified and clustered). Hemoglobin was measured in capillary blood using Hemocue. We applied an equation (and/or table) for altitude adjustment and a cutoff point for each guideline. We calculated 95% confidence intervals [95% CI]. Differences were evaluated according to region, setting, and/or year using a generalized linear model, calculating extremes and quartiles. Estimates and models were weighted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results.: &lt;/strong&gt;We analyzed 120,711 children. The difference in prevalence was -6.3 [-6.6 to -6.0], p&lt;0.001, varying by region (p&lt;0.001), region-year (p=0.004), and region-setting (p&lt;0.001), between -40.6 and 11.0. The percentage of children whose diagnosis differed was 11.0 [10.7 to 11.2], (p&lt;0.001), varying between 0.0 and 40.6. The difference between the table and the equation was -3.8 [-4.0 to -3.6].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions.: &lt;/strong&gt;The prevalence differs with the new guideline (generally decreasing, but may increase), with variable differences according to region, setting, and year. The percentage with a different diagnosis also varies. These differences are of great importance for health, in some cases changing the problem from severe to moderate. The table calculation underestimates the equation calculation. Literature supports the direction of the correction, but not its magnitude.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Motivation for the study. In 2024, the World Health Organization modified the cut-off points that define anemia. The magnitude of the change in the prevalence of anemia in children aged 6-35 months in Peru, compared to the 2001 guideline, is unknown. Main findings. Between 2009 and 2023, we found significant and heterogeneous differences (a) nationally, (b) between and within regions, and (c) depending on the calculation technique (table or e","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"42 2","pages":"115-125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}