Carbon Trends最新文献

{"title":"TEM-EELS study of compressed graphite phase in high-pressure and high-temperature treated neutron-irradiated graphite","authors":"Yuta Ohsawa ,&nbsp;Yohei K. Sato ,&nbsp;Tomoya Saito ,&nbsp;Masami Terauchi ,&nbsp;Takashi Kitazume ,&nbsp;Takumi Tokunaga ,&nbsp;Yuji Higo ,&nbsp;Keisuke Niwase ,&nbsp;Masahito Niibe ,&nbsp;Shin-ichi Honda","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The creation of new carbon materials has been attempted by treating neutron-irradiated graphite at high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) conditions. Recently, the formation of the compressed graphite (CG) with a (0002) plane distance of 3.2 Å, which is narrower than that of the graphite with a plane distance of 3.4 Å, was reported in the neutron-irradiated graphite processed under an HPHT condition. It is not clear what electronic structure, properties, and formation mechanism of the CG phase. In this study, electron energy-loss spectroscopy using a transmission electron microscope was applied to elucidate the electronic structure of the CG phase in the neutron-irradiated graphite sample with the HPHT treatment. The atomic layer distance of 3.2 Å for the CG phase was confirmed by an electron diffraction pattern. Dark-field images of 0002 spots of the CG phase showed the spatial distribution of the CG phase in the specimen. The electron energy-loss spectrum of the C K-edge of the CG showed a decrease in π* and σ* peak intensities, and the onset of the σ* peak shifted to the lower energy side compared with those of graphite. A first-principles calculation suggested that the electronic structure of graphite with the interlayer bond relating to the interstitial atoms and lattice vacancies should be reasonable for the electronic structure of the CG examined. Thus, the interlayer bonds formed by the interstitial atoms and the lattice vacancies introduced by neutron irradiation should contribute to the formation of the CG phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced luminescent properties of carbon quantum dots on thermo-responsive vinylcaprolactam hydrogel matrix","authors":"Emilia Villegas ,&nbsp;Antonio Diaz-Barrios ,&nbsp;Gema González ,&nbsp;Johnny Chimborazo ,&nbsp;Carlos Reinoso ,&nbsp;Manuel Caetano ,&nbsp;Lola de Lima ,&nbsp;Jules Gardener ,&nbsp;Guillermo Solorzano","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research consistsof the preparation and luminescence assessment of hybrid materials made by mixing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) obtained, by a hydrothermal process, from avocado seeds, and vinyl caprolactam (VCL) based thermo-responsive hydrogels. These hydrogels were made by aqueous emulsion homo polymerization of VCL or by the copolymerization of VCL with polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), as crosslinking agent. The hybrid materials, hydrogels and CQDs were characterized by FTIR, Raman and XPS spectroscopies and to determine the particle sizes of the different obtained materials either High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) or Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) were used. It was found that the combination of the VCL based hydrogels with carbon dots causes an enhancement on the photoluminescence when compared with the bare CQDs. Moreover, an increase in the crosslinking degree of the hydrogel polymeric gel corresponded to more enhancement in the photoluminescence intensity of the hybrid materials. The aforementioned luminescent performance and the biocompatible properties of its components position these materials as potential biomedical thermo-responsive sensors</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100484"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced water purification by using graphene oxide nano-membranes: A novel approach for mitigating industrial pollutant","authors":"Rizwana Yasmeen ,&nbsp;Falak Sher Khan ,&nbsp;Waqar Un Nisa ,&nbsp;Aansa Rukya Saleem ,&nbsp;Muhammad Awais ,&nbsp;Mohammed Jameel ,&nbsp;Rebwar Nasir Dara ,&nbsp;M․Ijaz Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clean access to clean and safe drinking water is vital for human health, yet water pollution continues to be a significant global issue. This study investigates water contamination caused by various pollutants such as industrial waste, sewage, radioactive substances, and shifting rainfall patterns, all of which pose risks to public health and economic stability. To address this issue, we utilized graphene oxide nanomaterials for water purification, taking advantage of their exceptional strength and distinct two-dimensional structure. Graphene oxide nanoparticles were produced using Hummer's method and integrated into cellulose filter paper through a dip-coating process, resulting in a novel filtration membrane. The novel developed for the graphene oxide-coated cellulose membrane demonstrated substantial enhancements in water quality across samples collected from urban, rural and the industrial areas in Sialkot. The notable findings include a significant reduction in electrical conductivity (EC) and an improved Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) IN which suggests better filtration performance. The membrane effectively reduced sodium ion levels and alleviated salinity issues, making the water more suitable for agricultural use. So, the changes in pH levels were particularly noticeable in industrial zones, emphasizing the effect of industrial waste on water quality. The outcomes that highlight the promise of graphene oxide nanomembranes as a sustainable and efficient approach to reducing water pollution. This research emphasizes the critical role of advanced nanotechnology-based purification techniques in tackling the growing problem of water contamination and the leading to enhanced water management strategies and safer drinking water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of microwave heating of pure and functionalized graphene-nanoplatelet polymer composites: experimental and finite element Study","authors":"Mahima Dua ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Pierre Mertiny","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microwave heating can potentially speed up the joining of thermoplastic polymer components compared to modern electrofusion procedures that employ embedded wires for Joule heating. This could result in shorter fusion times, improved heating consistency, and lower energy usage. This work examines how functionalized graphene nanoplatelets (fGNP) can create multifunctional polylactide acid (PLA) composites with substantial microwave absorption. Tannic acid was used to treat graphene nanoplatelets, resulting in fGNP. The fGNP/PLA nanocomposites were produced using a two-step scalable manufacturing process that involved solution blending and hot compression moulding. The composites' fGNP concentration ranged between 0 and 8% by weight. The samples were evaluated for dielectric permittivity, heat capacity, and electrical and thermal conductivity. Thermal imaging was utilized to determine the effectiveness of microwave heating in fGNP/PLA nanocomposites as a function of microwave power and filler weight fraction. The microwave heating process in the composites was investigated using Multiphysics finite element software. The experimental results were compared to numerical model projections of the maximum temperature and microwave energy absorbed. The experimental and computational results for fGNP/PLA nanocomposites were contrasted to similar results for plain (non-functionalized) GNP in PLA. The generated nanocomposites were discovered to have excellent microwave absorption properties and, hence, quick heating, making this composite type a promising candidate for gasket materials that promote fusion bonding for thermoplastic-based components by localized heating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100481"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvent free mechanical grinding assisted synthesis of reduced graphene oxide and its composites with porphyrins for fabricating UV–vis photodetectors","authors":"Indranee Hazarika ,&nbsp;Saponjeet Borah ,&nbsp;Amreen Ara Hussain ,&nbsp;Deepali Sarkar ,&nbsp;Bedanta Gogoi","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is one of the most demanding carbon based materials for energy conversion and optoelectronics. However, its synthesis from graphene oxide (GO) is still challenging and requires high-energy consumption with longer reaction time. Herein, a solvent free mechanical grinding (MG) method was realized for synthesizing rGO from GO by mechanical grinding for 30 minutes (MG-0.5H) and one hour (MG-1H). The formation of rGO was confirmed spectroscopically with substantial oxygen reduction in MG-1H, restoration of sp² conjugation, and the C/O ratio of approximately 5.59. Furthermore, we prepared its composites with hemin (Hm) and protoporphyrin IX (P IX) using an ex-situ (E) MG method, along with conventional solvent assisted in-situ (I) method and named as rGO-HmE, rGO-P(IX)E, GO-HmI, rGO-P(IX)I. These materials were subjected to a facile technique for fabricating photodetectors that exhibit detectivity of 1.43 × 10¹³, 2.68 × 10¹³, 9.98 × 10¹³, and 4.91 × 10¹³ Jones respectively. Such high detectivity is due to π-π interaction and electron transfer between rGO and the porphyrins and hence the materials do not require supporting materials such as electron and hole transport layer to enhance the efficacy of the photodetectors. Therefore, it can be stated that the mechanical grinding method serve as a greener alternative with low-cost, low-energy consumption, short reaction time for the synthesis of superior optoelectronic material and its composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of cationic and anionic dye removal using graphene oxide fabricated by Hummers and Couette-Taylor flow methods","authors":"Chaehwi Lim ,&nbsp;Namgyu Kim ,&nbsp;Junho Lee ,&nbsp;Yeojoon Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene oxide (GO) has garnered significant attention from researchers owing to its exceptional physicochemical properties. GO is typically synthesized through chemical oxidation followed by exfoliation processes. In this study, we employed the Hummers method and the Couette-Taylor flow method to produce GO. The Couette-Taylor flow method offers the advantage of shorter oxidation reaction times and reduced wastewater compared to the Hummers method. We conducted surface analysis (including scanning electron microscope(SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), Zeta potential, multiple-point Brunauer Emmett Teller(BET), and atomic force microscope(AFM)) to assess and compare the surface characteristics of GO. Our analysis revealed that GO synthesized using the Couette-Taylor flow method (GO/Taylor) exhibited smaller lateral sizes. Additionally, we performed Particle Size Distribution Analysis (PSA) to verify the particle distribution of GO. The mean particle sizes of GO produced via the Hummers method and the Couette-Taylor flow method were determined to be 49.87 μm and 28.97 μm, respectively. These differences in surface properties and particle sizes influenced the adsorption capacity of GO for dyes. Considering the polarity, Cationic dye (BV1) and anionic dye (RR141) were selected for our adsorption experiments based on their polarity. Furthermore, we employed kinetic and isotherm adsorption modeling to analyze the adsorption mechanism in detail.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100476"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone fibers with cobalt ferrite nanoparticles","authors":"Vinicio J. Cevallos ,&nbsp;Sarah Briceño ,&nbsp;Guillermo Solorzano ,&nbsp;Jules Gardener ,&nbsp;Alexis Debut ,&nbsp;Raúl Dávalos ,&nbsp;Werner Bramer-Escamilla ,&nbsp;Gema González","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) fibers with cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe₂O₄) were prepared by an electrospinning technique to study the electrical resistance and magnetic properties of the nanocomposite. The samples were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Magnetic properties were measured using vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). PVP fibers showed an average diameter of <span><math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>74</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> with a resistance of 121.58 G<span><math><mi>Ω</mi></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>22</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> and 1.20 G<span><math><mi>Ω</mi></math></span> with the incorporation of CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles. Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles have a maximum magnetization of 81.9 emu/g, and the CoFe₂O₄/PVP fibers present a diamagnetic behavior with a maximum magnetization of 0.07 emu/g. Combining the versatility of PVP as a polymer matrix with the magnetic and electric properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, this nanocomposite may open up new potential applications for developing electrically conductive novel nanomaterials and devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinguishing physical vs. chemical templating mechanisms for inducing graphitization in novolac matrix","authors":"Sandra N Ike ,&nbsp;Randy Vander Wal","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our previous work investigated the templating ability of graphene oxide-derived additives to induce graphitization of the novolac matrix. The findings led to two working hypotheses: the additives act as templates that promote matrix aromatic alignment to their basal planes during carbonization (referred to here as <em>physical templating</em>) in addition to forming radical edge sites that bond to the decomposing matrix (referred to here as <em>chemical templating</em>). However, results mainly underscored the role of functional groups on the GO additives (<em>chemical templating</em>)<em>.</em> The aim of this current work seeks to differentiate the contributions of the operative mechanisms on graphitization. To study this, 2D materials with minimal oxygen functionalization, graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) were used as templates to induce graphitization of novolac matrix. First, the optimum weight percent of the 2D materials was determined with the composite graphitic quality measured by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Results revealed that hBN did not induce graphitization of novolac and was attributed to the absence of a sp² framework in hBN, unable to provide the crucial π-π interactions with the aromatic rings of the matrix. In contrast, the graphene additives mirrored one another and showed improved graphitization of the novolac. From these results, it was surmised that both mechanisms are operative; while physical templating offers control over long-range order in the form of crystallite height, chemical templating contributes to carbon reorganization and lateral growth extent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a bimetal Mn/Zn catalyst supported on activated carbon for selective oxidation of ethyl lactate to ethyl pyruvate","authors":"G. Madhanagopal ,&nbsp;K. Premalatha ,&nbsp;P.N. Poovizhi ,&nbsp;V. Sumithra ,&nbsp;S. Mahalingam ,&nbsp;L. Guganathan ,&nbsp;S. Sivakumar ,&nbsp;A. Subramani ,&nbsp;P. Tamizhdurai","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the conversion of ethyl lactate to ethyl pyruvate using a bar reactor. A novel heterogeneous catalyst, AC/Mn/Zn (manganese and zinc supported on mesoporous activated carbon), was synthesized using a cost-effective and efficient approach that prioritizes affordability and accessibility. This approach utilizes readily available starting materials and a streamlined process, making the AC/Mn/Zn catalyst commercially attractive for large-scale production. Furthermore, the synthesis minimizes the use of harmful chemicals and generates minimal waste, contributing to an environmentally friendly process that aligns with growing demands for sustainable production methods. Additionally, the straightforward procedures employed allow for simple and replicable catalyst production, ensuring consistent quality control. Following synthesis, various characterization techniques (XRD, TPD, BET, FT-IR, HR-SEM, HR-TEM) confirmed the successful formation of the AC/Mn/Zn catalyst with desired properties. The AC/Mn/Zn catalyst possessed a unique combination of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites, making it ideal for the target reaction. Reaction parameters were optimized, with a temperature of 90 °C, WHSV of 1.0 h⁻¹, atmospheric pressure, and air as the oxidant being employed. The AC/Mn/Zn catalyst exhibited exceptional performance, achieving a remarkable 91 % conversion and 90 % selectivity for ethyl pyruvate, surpassing other investigated catalysts. This success is attributed to the well-designed structure incorporating zinc into the AC-supported manganese. Interestingly, the formation of additional acidic compounds beyond the desired reaction time was observed, suggesting potential side reactions. Further investigation into these side reactions is necessary for complete optimization. The AC/Mn/Zn catalyst offers a compelling combination of high performance, a cost-effective and environmentally friendly synthesis method, and straightforward production procedures. These factors highlight its potential as a promising candidate for industrial ethyl pyruvate production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental evidence of flexural phonons in low-temperature heat capacity of carbon nanotubes","authors":"M.S. Barabashko ,&nbsp;A.I. Krivchikov ,&nbsp;A. Jeżowski ,&nbsp;O. Bezkrovnyi ,&nbsp;M.I. Bagatskii ,&nbsp;V.V. Sumarokov ,&nbsp;V. Boiko ,&nbsp;D. Szewczyk","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-temperature specific heat of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with different grinding was studied. Two sets of modified, milled and oxidized/milled MWCNTs with an average outer diameter of 9.4 nm were used. The experimental results were compared with literature data for different carbon systems: bundles of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), graphite and other MWCNTs. The contributions of phonon spectrum characteristics and intertube interactions were found to be significant factors influencing the heat capacity both in the case of MWCNTs and bundles of SWCNTs. The grinding effect, associated with the reduction of the size of MWCNTs agglomerates, leads to an increased heat capacity. It was demonstrated that the lowest-temperature heat capacity consists of two main contributions: the Debye (<em>C₃T³</em>) and the dispersive (<em>C₅T⁵</em>) one. The obtained negative <em>C₅</em> parameter indicated flexural dispersion for phonons. The magnitudes of Debye and flexural dispersive components depend on structural parameters of nanotubes: such as the diameter of individual nanotubes, the average diameter of the bundle and the size of agglomerates. A monotonic proportional correlation was observed between <em>C₃</em> and |<em>C₅</em>| parameters: |<em>C₅</em>| increases following a power law with an exponent of 1.5 with the increase of <em>C₃</em>. The maximum values of <em>C₃</em> and |<em>C₅</em>| correspond to SWCNT systems, while the minimum values correspond to MWCNTs. These results show that the heat capacity of the nanotube system increases if the interaction forces between neighbouring SWCNTs in the bundle or between the walls inside of MWCNTs decrease. This dependence is confirmed by the grinding effect in the MWCNTs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}