Carbon Trends最新文献

{"title":"Metal-cluster (Be, Sc, Ti) decorated C24 nanocages and their hydrogen storage performance","authors":"K.B. Nerkar,&nbsp;Poonam Parkar,&nbsp;Ajay Chaudhari","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single Be, Sc, Ti metal atom and their cluster (dimer and trimer) decorated C₂₄ nanocages are considered for hydrogen storage. A comparison of single metal atom, dimer, and trimer decorated C₂₄ nanocages and their hydrogen storage performance is carried out. Decoration of single Be atom on C₂₄ nanocage distorts the nanocage and it is not suitable for hydrogen storage. Be₂, Be₃, Sc, Sc₂, Sc₃, Ti, Ti₂, and Ti₃ metal atom/cluster decoration do not distort the C₂₄ nanocage geometry before H₂ adsorption. After H₂ adsorption Sc₂, Sc₃ and Ti₃ clusters get broken into their constituent atoms and do not remain in cluster form. Among the metal cluster decorated C₂₄ structures considered, C₂₄Ti and C₂₄Ti₂ show thermodynamically favorable H₂ adsorption at ambient conditions without distorting the metal cluster after H₂ adsorption and thus they are more suitable for hydrogen storage at ambient conditions than the other structures considered. Though the Sc₃ and Ti₃ cluster decorated C₂₄ nanocages show the highest and second highest H₂ uptake capacity among all the structures considered and also thermodynamically favorable H₂ adsorption at ambient conditions, the Sc₃ and Ti₃ clusters get broken after maximum H₂ molecules adsorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peanut shell biochar for plastic electrodes: Green E-sensors for sensitive heavy metal detection","authors":"Monica Mosquera-Ortega ,&nbsp;Federico Figueredo ,&nbsp;Florencia Fernandez ,&nbsp;Pablo Arnal ,&nbsp;Eduardo Cortón ,&nbsp;Sabina Susmel","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The upcycling of agricultural waste into high-value functional materials is a key aspect of sustainable material development and the circular bioeconomy. This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of biochar-based electrodes (E-sensors) derived from peanut shells, an abundant agro-industrial by-product with emerging potential for valorization. To enhance electrochemical performance, biochar (Bc) was modified with chitosan CS under to alkaline treatment, improving hydrophilicity, porosity, and charge transfer properties. Structural and surface analyses, including FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, and XPS, confirmed the successful introduction of functional groups while preserving the hierarchical pore structure of Bc. Electrochemical evaluation, using cyclic voltammetry and square-wave stripping anodic voltammetry, revealed satisfactory results for Pb²⁺and Cd²⁺detection in buffer and real sea water samples. Additionally, to improve the analytical performance bismuth was successfully electrodeposited at the unconventional plastic electrodes surface. This contributed to enhance the Pb and Cd limits of detection in sea water (14.27 ng/mL, RSD 10 % and 20.74 ng/mL, RSD 7 % respectively), with results well below WHO and EPA regulatory thresholds. These findings demonstrate the potential of biochar-based electrodes as sustainable, cost-effective alternatives for heavy metal detection, underscoring the role of Bc in advancing green sensor technologies and environmental monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four-stage oxidation model of soot based on analysis of physical and mechanical properties","authors":"Zhiyuan Shi ,&nbsp;Xu Lyu ,&nbsp;Yi Luo ,&nbsp;Daigeng Wu ,&nbsp;Wenjie Yang ,&nbsp;Xingyu Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studying the impact of ash on the oxidation process of particulates is fundamental to understanding Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) regeneration and improving its efficiency. This study employs Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM), Raman spectrometer, and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) to investigate the effects of, two archetypal metallic ash constituents, CuSO₄ and CaSO₄, on the physicochemical and mechanical properties during the particulate oxidation process. Finally, based on the experimental results, the classical four-stage oxidation model of particulates is revised to propose a more specific oxidation process. These investigative outcomes bestow profound comprehension into the oxidative behavior of particulates and proffer beneficial theoretical direction for the forthcoming management and mitigation of engine carbon particulates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain detection using long-length MWCNT buckypaper-based flexible strain sensor for large strain range","authors":"Sony Bharadwaj ,&nbsp;Manoj Sehrawat ,&nbsp;Sushant Sharma ,&nbsp;Tejendra K Gupta ,&nbsp;Indu Elizabeth ,&nbsp;Mamta Rani ,&nbsp;Bhanu Pratap Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible strain sensors are crucial in wearable devices, yet achieving both high sensitivity and a broad strain detection range simultaneously poses challenges, often leading to trade-offs. In this study, a flexible, sandwiched structured strain sensor has been developed using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) polymer and long-length multiwalled carbon nanotube (<em>l-</em>MWCNT) buckypaper. The <em>l-</em>MWCNT helps to keep the resistance steady as long as the strain stays within a certain limit. This greatly expands the strain detection range of the sensor to ∼427%. Additionally, the sensor exhibits notable sensing properties with a highest gauge factor of ∼150 and a rapid response and recovery time of 100 ms. It also demonstrates good stability and durability during cyclic stretching and releasing tests, owing to the reversible changes in the CNT conductive network under tensile and compression loading. This sensor enables real-time health monitoring and can detect various physiological activities such as swallowing, breathing, speech, pulse, and movements of the wrist and fingers. These advancements highlight the potential of flexible strain sensor technology in improving human movement detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing nitrogen doping strategies in hard carbon for enhanced performance in sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Maksat Maratov ,&nbsp;Aibar Alpysbayev ,&nbsp;Dilshat Abduakhitov ,&nbsp;Bauyrzhan Myrzakhmetov ,&nbsp;Kenes Kudaibergenov ,&nbsp;Zhumabay Bakenov ,&nbsp;Seung-Taek Myung ,&nbsp;Aishuak Konarov","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodium-ion batteries are emerging as a promising and cost-effective alternative to lithium-ion batteries for large-scale applications. Among various anode materials, hard carbon has become a preferred choice for sodium-ion batteries. This study focuses on synthesizing hard carbon from bio-waste cherries and investigating the impact of nitrogen doping strategies on its electrochemical performance. Using urea as a precursor, post nitrogen doping was found to enhance the structural properties of hard carbon, facilitating better penetration of sodium ions into its internal structure. The results revealed that post nitrogen doping significantly improved the capacity of hard carbon, increasing it from 206 mAh g⁻¹ to 274 mAh g⁻¹ at a current density of 20 mA g⁻¹. Additionally, the post nitrogen-doped hard carbon demonstrated an impressive capacity of 110 mAh g⁻¹ at a high current density of 1 A g⁻¹. These findings underscore the potential of nitrogen doping in optimizing hard carbon for sodium-ion battery applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flash graphene: From synthesis to potential applications","authors":"Godwin Mong Kalu-Uka ,&nbsp;Agnidip Sarkar ,&nbsp;Abraham Chinedu Kalu-Uka ,&nbsp;Sandeep Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global impact of the poor waste management practices in developing countries has begun to weary the developed nations of the world. For this reason, researchers have striven to provide sustainable solutions to the waste management crisis by improving the effectiveness of the existing waste management systems and developing new methodologies for converting waste into energy and useful materials. The latest breakthrough in the conversion of waste into useful materials is the synthesis of flash graphene through flash joule heating technology. However, studies on flash graphene have remained a niche research area for a few authors, despite the unique properties and potential applications of flash graphene. Though this situation could be attributed to a number of factors, the authors believe that more researchers would be motivated to study the synthesis and applications of flash graphene if there were sufficient review articles on the subject matter. To this end, the authors have comprehensively reviewed the existing literature, with the primary objective of systematically discussing the research findings on flash graphene synthesis, characterisation and applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of g-C3N4 Triazine-structure via modified low-temperature polycondensation of Melamine-Barbiturate","authors":"Veronika Yu. Yurova,&nbsp;Daniil Yu. Piarnits,&nbsp;Ivan V. Moskalenko,&nbsp;Igor S. Smirnov,&nbsp;Iuliia V. Maltceva,&nbsp;Vasiliy A. Krylov,&nbsp;Vera E. Sitnikova,&nbsp;Evgeny Smirnov,&nbsp;Ekaterina V. Skorb","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel supramolecular precursor strategy was developed for the low-temperature synthesis of triazine-structured graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄). The supramolecular assembly of melamine and barbituric acid enables a significant reduction in the synthesis temperature—from the conventional 550 °C to 350 °C—and shortens processing time to just 60 min. Structural and physicochemical characterization (XRD, FTIR, SEM, and BET) confirms the formation of a triazine-based g-C₃N₄ framework with a specific surface area of 17.6 m²/g and a uniform mesoporous structure (∼3.5 nm). Photocatalytic experiments demonstrate efficient degradation of organic dyes under visible-light irradiation (λ = 365 and 405 nm), indicating the material's enhanced photoactivity. Scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) measurements further reveal a clear photoinduced ionic current response under both excitation wavelengths, supporting the presence of defect-associated energy states within the bandgap and confirming the ability of CN-MB-350 to function as a visible-light-responsive semiconductor. The proposed method offers a cost-effective and energy-saving alternative to conventional g-C₃N₄ synthesis and expands the potential for structural tuning of carbon nitride materials via precursor engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing CO2 separation and capture in post-combustion scenarios using resonant vibration techniques","authors":"Amirhosein Riahi ,&nbsp;Julie Muretta ,&nbsp;Richard LaDouceur","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon dioxide (CO₂) requires specialized capture methods for effective mitigation. Biochar has garnered significant interest as a versatile, porous solid adsorbent due to its cost-effective production, thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability, and minimal environmental impact. However, its small surface area and diffusional issues result in slow CO₂ adsorption kinetics and limited capacity, hindering widespread adoption. To address this limitation, most research in the field focuses on chemical approaches to enhance biochar's adsorption capabilities. While these methods are effective, concerns remain about their overall carbon neutrality and environmental sustainability due to the production of toxic chemicals. In this work, an innovative Process Intensification technique—Low-Frequency High-Amplitude (LFHA) resonant vibratory mixing—is proposed to enhance selective CO₂ adsorption onto hemp-derived biochar under simulated post-combustion conditions (16 % V/V CO₂/N₂) representative of coal-fired power plant exhaust streams. By optimizing biochar's physical properties and facilitating CO₂ transport processes, the resonant vibrations are shown to increase the CO₂ selectivity factor by 25.49 %, from 9.61 in non-vibrational adsorption to 12.07 in vibrational adsorption. The calculated CO₂ working dynamic capacity from selective adsorption closely corresponded to the equilibrium capacity obtained through isothermal measurements at room temperature (25 °C) and a partial pressure of 0.16. The values were 9.12 % lower for non-vibrational adsorption and 20.64 % lower for vibrational adsorption, thereby demonstrating the efficiency of the developed method. The microstructure and the textural properties of biochar have been evaluated by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS), and Raman spectroscopy. Experimental results also indicate the reusability and regeneration of biochar for cyclic CO₂ adsorption through two distinct methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and properties of superhydrophobic composite coatings based on carbon materials/SiO2","authors":"Shuai Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Si ,&nbsp;Sijia Zhang ,&nbsp;Shahid Muhammad","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conductive superhydrophobic materials have very important applications in the fields of deicing, electromagnetic shielding, electronic intelligence, etc. However, the current poor durability and fragile structure of superhydrophobic surfaces have significantly limited the application of superhydrophobic conductive materials. In this paper, wear-resistant and conductive superhydrophobic coatings were prepared by directly adding carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to the precursor solution and modified with silane coupling agent. Based on our findings, the addition of silane coupling agent enhanced the adhesion between the nanoparticles and the substrate. Carbon nanotubes were interwoven with SiO₂ particles to form a micrometer/nanometer structure and generate air pockets, resulting in a high contact angle and self-cleaning effect. Furthermore, the high electrical conductivity, high compressive strength and high tensile strength of carbon fibers improved the wear resistance and electrical properties of the coating. This study provides a simple and practical method for the preparation of wear-resistant and conductive superhydrophobic surfaces, which has a broad application prospect in various domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic bistable memory devices utilizing PMMA polymer matrix-based ZnOC60 core-shell QDs nanocomposites","authors":"Jaeho Shim ,&nbsp;Jinseo Park ,&nbsp;Seok-Ho Seo ,&nbsp;Ju Hee You ,&nbsp;Dong Ick Son","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the development of organic bistable memory devices (OBMDs) leveraging ZnO-fullerene (C₆₀) core-shell QDs embedded within a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer matrix. Employing a spin-coating methodology, ZnO QDs were encapsulated with fullerene C₆₀, a molecule renowned for its high electron affinity, to establish a robust core-shell configuration. This design significantly enhanced quantum confinement and provided efficient charge trapping capabilities. Structural analyses using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the uniform dispersion and precise formation of ZnO<img>C₆₀ QDs, exhibiting an average particle size of approximately 10 nm within the polymer matrix. The electrical performance of Al/ZnO<img>C₆₀ QD-embedded PMMA/ITO devices was evaluated at 300 K, revealing clear bistable characteristics. The devices achieved a high ON/OFF current ratio of 7.46 × 10³, demonstrated exceptional cycling endurance exceeding 1.5 × 10⁴ cycles, and exhibited long-term retention surpassing 1.2 × 105 s. Detailed analysis of current-voltage (I-V) data highlighted Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) tunneling as a key mechanism facilitating efficient memory operation. These findings underscore the potential of ZnO<img>C₆₀ core-shell QDs as a transformative material system for advanced non-volatile memory technologies. This work provides a foundation for further exploration into scalable and energy-efficient memory devices suitable for next-generation electronics and optoelectronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}