Carbon Trends最新文献

{"title":"Tuning SEI chemistry and mesoporous carbon architecture in Nb₂O₅ nanocomposites for next-generation Lithium-Ion batteries","authors":"Mohammad Abu Shuheil ,&nbsp;Shaker Al-Hasnaawei ,&nbsp;M M Rekha ,&nbsp;Subhashree Ray ,&nbsp;Kattela Chennakesavulu ,&nbsp;Vipasha Sharma ,&nbsp;Arsham Banimadadi","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon-based nanocomposites are key to advancing lithium-ion batteries due to their tunable conductivity and interfacial stability. In this work, Nb₂O₅/carbon nanocomposites were engineered with a carbon quantum dot (CQD)-derived matrix to regulate solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) chemistry and optimize mesoporous architecture. Multiphysics simulations show that the carbon framework suppresses uncontrolled SEI growth, reducing interfacial resistance and stabilizing capacity retention. Optimized mesopores (∼10 nm, porosity 0.5) enhance lithium-ion transport by increasing the effective diffusion coefficient by 35.4 %, yielding ∼15 mAh g⁻¹ higher capacity compared with non-optimized designs. The synergy between SEI regulation and mesoporosity enables high-rate capability and prolonged cycle life, outperforming pristine Nb₂O₅. These findings highlight the pivotal role of carbon integration in balancing interfacial chemistry and ion transport, providing a scalable design strategy for advanced Nb₂O₅/carbon anodes. Overall, this study establishes a framework for carbon-engineered electrode architectures that accelerate the development of high-performance, durable, and sustainable energy storage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100582"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precursor effects on surface functionalization, photoluminescence, and cytotoxicity of carbon dots synthesized via microwave-assisted methods","authors":"Howyn Tang ,&nbsp;Chao Lu ,&nbsp;Oltion Kodra ,&nbsp;Jin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon dots (CDs) produced by microwave-assisted methods have been extensively used in many applications such as theranostics. The microstructures and properties of CDs are highly associated with their precursors. However, few studies have reported on the effects of precursors on functional group-associated properties of CDs. Herein, different precursors were used to produce CDs with a microwave-assisted method, namely CDs made of (1) citric acid/urea (CA/U-CDs), (2) chitosan (C<img>CDs), (3) glucose (G-CDs), and (4) spermine/glucose (SG-CDs). CDs are all negatively charged except SG-CDs which show some positive charges. The photoluminescence of the CDs was measured at excitation of 480 nm, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to analyze the relative proportion of functional groups on CD surfaces, with results further confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The more oxygen-containing groups compared to nitrogen-containing groups CDs have, the longer the emission wavelength (λ_em). In addition, the cytotoxicity of different CDs was investigated on NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. In particular, C<img>CDs improved cell growth with cell viability &gt;100% after 24 h but decreased viability at longer incubations, likely due to increased uptake and lysosomal stress. In contrast, G-CDs exhibited stable biocompatibility over 72 h. This study demonstrates the effect of functional groups on CDs made with different precursors on their surface charge, emission, and cytotoxicity, which may provide guidance to the design and development of CDs with tunable photoluminescence and biocompatible properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-temperature synthesis of N,S-Co-doped fluorescent carbon nanoparticles for highly sensitive Fe³⁺ detection in water","authors":"P.E. Cardoso-Ávila ,&nbsp;J.L. Pichardo-Molina ,&nbsp;L. Aparicio-Ixta ,&nbsp;M.M. Martínez-García ,&nbsp;A. Benitez-Lara ,&nbsp;M.C. Mendoza-Ramirez","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a facile, low-temperature, and environmentally friendly base-catalyzed hydrothermal method for synthesizing nitrogen and sulfur co-doped fluorescent carbon nanoparticles (N,S-FC<img>NPs) from <span>l</span>-cysteine as a single precursor. The reaction proceeds at only 60 °C in aqueous medium, eliminating the need for high-energy input or post-synthesis purification steps. By adjusting the alkaline reaction conditions, the optical absorption, band gap, and surface chemistry of the nanoparticles were tuned, as confirmed by FT–IR, XRD, EDS, XPS, and HR-TEM analyses. The as-prepared N,S-FC<img>NPs exhibited an average size of 31.4 ± 1.8 nm, stable green emission at 535 nm under 400 nm excitation, and a fluorescence quantum yield of 3.9 %. Among the synthesized variants, the C4 formulation displayed outstanding performance as a Fe³⁺ sensor in aqueous media, with high selectivity and a detection limit of 7 ppb, well below the WHO guideline for drinking water. Compared to conventional carbon-dot syntheses requiring higher temperatures, this low-temperature route offers significant energy savings, reduced environmental impact, and preservation of surface functionalities derived from the precursor. The method provides a scalable platform for producing heteroatom-doped carbon nanomaterials with tailored optical properties for environmental sensing and other advanced applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100578"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical parameters of chitosan film with glycerol and propylene carbonate","authors":"Paula Ponce ,&nbsp;Edward Ávila ,&nbsp;Zaillmar Morales ,&nbsp;Carlos Reinoso ,&nbsp;Antonio Díaz ,&nbsp;Carlos Loyo ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Saucedo-Vázquez ,&nbsp;Thibault Terencio ,&nbsp;José Mora ,&nbsp;Floralba López","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chitosan films were prepared by incorporating glycerol (GLY) and propylene carbonate (PC) to enhance their mechanical performance for applications in which material conformability is prioritized over mechanical strength. The addition of GLY significantly increased the flexibility of films, with the elongation at break reaching values approximately four times higher than those of unplasticized chitosan. Although PC is not an effective plasticizer as GLY when used alone, its combination with GLY produced a synergistic effect that further enhanced film flexibility, achieving elongation values up to six times greater than the unmodified chitosan. This improvement was accompanied by a marked decrease in tensile strength and elastic modulus, not only due to the individual plasticizing effects of GLY and PC, but also as a result of their combined interaction, which disrupts interchain hydrogen bonding and increases polymer chain mobility. The optimal mechanical profile was observed at a composition of 30% GLY and 15% PC, yielding an elongation at break about 66%, an elastic modulus of 24 MPa, and a tensile strength of 17 MPa. In addition, thermal analysis revealed improved thermal stability, attributed to structural changes induced by the incorporation of both plasticizers. Overall, the results highlight the potential of using a GLY–PC blend to fine-tune the mechanical and thermal properties of chitosan films, making them promising candidates for sustainable and conformable environmentally friendly materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliable prediction of the band gap properties of graphene buffer layer on SiC using meta-GGA approximation","authors":"Elaheh Mohebbi ,&nbsp;Eleonora Pavoni ,&nbsp;Pierluigi Stipa ,&nbsp;Marina Petroselli ,&nbsp;Luca Pierantoni ,&nbsp;Emiliano Laudadio ,&nbsp;Davide Mencarelli","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While different Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods have been performed to determine the electronic band structure of graphene buffer layer (GBL) over the Si-terminated SiC (0001) surface, still a correct band gap (E_gap) close to the experimental one has never been demonstrated. The novelty of this study is that for the first time the outcomes have reproduced the experimental E_gap (greater than 0.5 eV) of GBL@SiC (0001) system with an indirect/direct E_gap of 0.65/0.80 eV using improved Meta Generalized Gradient Approximation (MGGA) methodology with medium basis set (MGGA-Medium). The results revealed that GBL has lower E_gap with other basis sets of MGGA-High with 0.32 eV (indirect) and 0.33 eV (direct), whereas MGGA-Ultra estimated a zero E_gap. Absorption spectrum indicated that the presence of two peaks at 61,801 cm^-1 and 64,833 cm^-1 at 265 THz and 290 THz for GBL/SiC along the <em>xx</em>- and <em>yy</em>- (in-plane) directions, respectively. The <em>Im(ω)</em> reveal that the optical E_gap is around 181 THz. Furthermore, <em>Re</em>(<em>ω</em>) of GBL monolayer after the interface on SiC (0001) has predicted to be 2.34, 2.32 and 1.07 along with the <em>xx</em>-, <em>yy</em>- in-plane and <em>zz-</em> out-of-plane polarizations, respectively. More information about the optical properties of this interface show that maximum static value of <span><math><mi>n</mi></math></span> along the <em>xx</em>- in-plane direction calculated to be 1.58, while initial non-zero value of <span><math><mi>κ</mi></math></span> is about 12.08 THz.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100575"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palladium supported over carbon nanotubes catalytic system for green diesel production","authors":"Stefano Savino ,&nbsp;Elena Ghedini ,&nbsp;Andrea L. Aloia ,&nbsp;Antonio Monopoli ,&nbsp;Francesco Taddeo ,&nbsp;Tommaso Castiglia ,&nbsp;Angelo Nacci ,&nbsp;Stanislav Yakushkin ,&nbsp;Blaž Likozar ,&nbsp;Michele Casiello ,&nbsp;Lucia D'Accolti","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing the urgent need for sustainable biofuels, for the first time in the literature a palladium catalyst supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Pd@MWCNTs) was used for promoting deoxygenation (DO) of fatty acids and triglycerides to produce green diesel. Reaction was conducted in water as a green solvent under relatively mild conditions (250°C, 16 bar H₂). The catalyst was prepared modifying known procedures, using oxidative pretreatment of nanotubes, and characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDX, BET, NH₃-TPD, XPS, physi- and chemisorption techniques. Catalytic performances of Pd@MWCNTs were compared with those of commercial Pd/C and different reactivity was explained on the base of chemical and morphologic features. Pd@MWCNTs gave a complete conversion (100%) of soybean oil under the operative conditions and proved to be always more selective (&gt;90%) than Pd/C in giving decarbonylation products (alkanes C15 and C17). The catalyst resilience was evident in aqueous-phase reactions, where it maintained 86% conversion upon reuse, while Pd/C deactivated rapidly. Finally, industrial relevance was demonstrated extending the protocol to unrefined feedstocks such as olein residues and sewage scum, achieving 50–95% alkane yields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100576"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modification of electrical characteristics of CVD- graphene by Joule heating","authors":"M.G. Rybin ,&nbsp;E.A. Guberna ,&nbsp;V.A. Kamynin ,&nbsp;Van Chuc Nguen ,&nbsp;E.D. Obraztsova","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an approach for enhancing the electrical characteristics of graphene synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), through a direct resistive heating of the graphene channel by an electric current. This method efficiently purifies graphene of impurities and restores the material ideal structure through the desorption of adsorbed molecules. A graphene field-effect transistor was employed to characterize the graphene, specifically - to assess the mobility and concentration of charge carriers. The study investigates the impact of annealing temperature on both the concentration and type of charge carriers. It was found that CVD-synthesized graphene exhibits p-type conductivity, with the charge neutrality point (CNP) positioned above 80 Volts gate voltage at a 300 nm thickness of SiO₂. Annealing at 200 °C shifted this neutrality point to 0 Volts, switching the graphene to electrical neutrality. At higher annealing temperatures, n-type conductivity was achieved. Additionally, during the annealing process with current flow, there was a significant enhancement of the charge carriers mobility in graphene: for holes, mobility increased from 1000 cm²/(V·s) to 1800 cm²/(V·s), and for electrons - from 600 cm²/(V·s) to 1200 cm²/(V·s). Thus, the study reveals the effective method for removing impurities appeared after transfer of CVD graphene from copper foil to a dielectric substrate. This approach may be utilized in preparing samples for applications in microelectronics, optoelectronics, and related fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100577"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confirmation of pentavalent carbon in protonated methane (CH5+ ): Insights from Molecular Handycam Technique","authors":"Moumita Dinda,&nbsp;Sudipta Nayak,&nbsp;Arijit Bag","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The existence of pentavalent carbon has intrigued scientists since the discovery of CH<span><math><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> in 1952 but remains elusive due to the lack of definitive evidence. The present study unveils the mystery through a comprehensive investigation of the structural and bonding nature of CH<span><math><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> employing the newly developed Molecular Handycam Technique (MHT) by Bag and co-workers, focusing on its formation pathways and energetic favorability. Computational analysis at the coupled cluster theory (CCSD) level, we examine the formation of CH<span><math><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> through the association of CH<span><math><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> and H₂, compared to the protonation of methane. Our findings reveal a preference for the former pathway, highlighting distinct structural configurations, including a global minimum and two alternative geometries. We demonstrate the participation of higher orbitals of carbon (3d<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></msub></math></span>) and its interaction with the bond pair of the approaching H<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> molecule in the formation and stabilization of the fifth C-H bond. This analytical approach provides critical insights into the expanded valency of carbon, which could lead to a new class of carbon compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100574"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the porosity development in cellulose acetate modified PAN precursor fibers along the thermal conversion process to porous carbon fibers","authors":"Robert Seidel-Greiff ,&nbsp;Mohsen Sadeghi Bogar ,&nbsp;Michael Kucher ,&nbsp;Paul Bertram ,&nbsp;Irina Kuznik ,&nbsp;Iris Kruppke ,&nbsp;Thomas Behnisch ,&nbsp;Michael Thomas Müller ,&nbsp;Dieter Fischer ,&nbsp;Maik Gude ,&nbsp;Robert Böhm ,&nbsp;Chokri Cherif","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porous carbon fibers offer significant potential as multifunctional materials for super-capacitors and structural batteries due to their low density, high electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and large specific surface area. This study investigates the development of porous carbon fibers derived from polyacrylonitrile precursor fibers modified with cellulose acetate, used as a pore-forming additive. The fibers were produced via a continuous wet-spinning process, followed by electron beam irradiation, thermal stabilization, and carbonization at three different temperatures: 700<!--> <!-->°C, 800<!--> <!-->°C, and 900<!--> <!-->°C. The influence of these processing steps on porosity and mechanical performance was systematically analyzed. Morphological and structural characterization using scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen physisorption (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method) revealed a transition from meso- and macro-porous architectures to dominant micro-porosity at the fibers surface. The highest specific surface area of 165.51<!--> <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>/g was obtained for the fiber carbonized at 700<!--> <!-->°C, with pore sizes ranging from below 2 nm to above 80 nm. As the carbonization temperature increased, surface area decreased while mesoporosity became more pronounced. Raman spectroscopy was employed to evaluate the degree of carbon ordering. Mechanical testing demonstrated an inverse relationship between porosity and strength: tenacity increased from 2.85<!--> <!-->cN/tex at 700<!--> <!-->°C to 4.76<!--> <!-->cN/tex at 900<!--> <!-->°C, while elongation at break decreased. These findings highlight the critical trade-off between surface area-driven electrochemical functionality and the preservation of mechanical integrity. The results provide valuable insights into the optimization of porous carbon fibers for multifunctional applications in energy storage and structural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-efficiency SO2 removal on Fe-impregnated activated carbon fiber-oxidized using low-concentration oxygen gas","authors":"Miftahul Huda ,&nbsp;Ika Monika ,&nbsp;Suganal Suganal ,&nbsp;Amru Daulay ,&nbsp;Edwin Akhdiat Daranin ,&nbsp;Teuku Ishlah ,&nbsp;Jin Miyawaki","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon-based adsorbents exhibit strong adsorption capabilities for low-concentration SO₂, and thus exhibit high-efficiency removal performance of SO₂ from exhaust gas. This study aims to further improve the SO₂ adsorption capacity of pitch-based activated carbon fiber (ACF) through controlled oxidation. Pristine ACF (PACF) and Fe-impregnated ACF (FeACF) were oxidized using low-concentration oxygen gas (2 % O₂ in N₂). The results showed that the oxidation of ACFs using low concentration O₂ increased the contents of oxygen-containing surface functional groups, and the oxidation of ACFs followed by heat treatment increased the specific surface area and widened the pore size. The adsorption capacity of PACF was 150.8 mL/g-ACF. Oxidization of FeACF at 450 °C for 1 hour and heat treatment at 1100 °C increased the SO₂ removal capacity, reaching 491.0 mL/g-ACF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}