Carbon Trends最新文献

{"title":"Nanoscale friction and wear of graphite surface in ambient and underwater conditions","authors":"Jitendra Soni ,&nbsp;Zhijiang Ye ,&nbsp;Nitya Nand Gosvami","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tribological properties of graphite are extremely sensitive to surrounding environment, which affects its longevity and friction reduction performance. This study aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of the effects of a liquid environment on interactions at the sliding interface, thereby influencing the nanoscale tribological properties of graphite surfaces. By combining atomic force microscopy experiments and molecular dynamics simulations, we conducted a comparative analysis of friction and wear behavior of graphite under two different environmental conditions: ambient (air) and underwater condition. Our investigations explored both the step edge and interior (step-free) graphite surfaces. The experimental results revealed a notable contrast in the frictional and wear behavior of graphite at nanoscale in these two environments. The interior surface exhibited a friction coefficient (COF) of approximately 0.003 and 0.006 against a diamond-coated surface in ambient and underwater conditions, respectively. Interestingly, the underwater environment not only increased friction but also significantly compromised the wear resistance of graphene layers near the graphite surface compared to the ambient environment, as evidenced in both step edge and interior step-free regions. The interior region sustained up to ∼7400 nN load in ambient condition but failed at ∼1500 nN under water. Similarly, the step edge failed at ∼375 and ∼187.5 nN in ambient and underwater conditions, respectively. Our simulations revealed that the increased friction in underwater condition is due to resistance of surrounding water molecules during tip sliding. The presence of water at tip-graphite contact interface generated substantial localized stress, leading to the initiation of wear and revealing the pronounced effect of water on the wear characteristics of graphite in underwater condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, electronic and dielectric properties of carbon nanotubes interacting with Co nanoclusters","authors":"Icare Morrot-Woisard ,&nbsp;Emile K. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Nicolas Vukadinovic ,&nbsp;Mauro Boero","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new frontier in tuning the electromagnetic response of carbon-based materials, particularly carbon nanotubes, consists in adding metallic clusters or nanoparticles at their external surface. This allows to change optical, dielectric and magnetic properties with potential applications in electronics and telecommunications for aeronautics. By resorting to first principles dynamical simulations, we provide a microscopic picture of the interaction at finite temperature between a carbon nanotube and Co aggregates mimicking the experimental coverage. The electronic structure evolution provides the absorption spectrum and the dielectric function for comparison with experiments and guidelines for tuning these composite systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of carbon content to the band gap of ABC stacked trilayer hybridized graphene and hexagonal boron nitride","authors":"Lingyun Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of carbon content on the band gap of ABC stacked trilayer hybridized graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BNC) are calculated by first-principles calculations. The formation energy results indicate that the configurations with cluster of boron(B) and nitrogen(N) atoms are more stable than that with separate. By calculating the band structures of seven doping models, we found that the band gap reduces with the ascendance of carbon atom concentration. With the increase of the carbon atom content, the optical absorption peak shifts to longer wavelength range. Combined with the band structure results, the red-shift is due to the reduction of the bandgap with the increase of the carbon atom content. The density of states, charge densities and Mulliken populations suggest that the collapse of the band gap is attributed to the charge transfer between atoms in the seven doping models of the h-BNC system. This work is valuable for the band structure engineering of h-BNC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical investigation of degradation of graphene oxide in alkaline environment: Evidence of two distinct photon-emitting phases in visible region.","authors":"Emiliano Burresi ,&nbsp;Maria Lucia Protopapa","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work we show a procedure of treating of the graphene oxide in alkaline environment as a function of the treatment time in order to obtain novel structures with strong luminescence properties, water-stable, useful as potential replacement for critical raw materials employed as example in optical and optoelectronic devices or for diagnostic and therapeutic technology. These structures have distinct blue and green-luminescence properties which derived most likely from different structural conformations, one associable with that of carbon quantum dots (or as an alternative to that of the Oxidative Debris), the other, lighter and more similar to organic compounds, reported in literature as fulvic-like molecules, but whose nature has to be further investigated. We show that the lighter fraction has a dual mechanism of photoemission: the excitation-independent PL for excitation wavelength within 350 nm and the excitation-dependent component for excitation wavelength ranging in the visible spectrum. The PL dual behaviour could depend on fluorescent nanoclusters composed by specific organic fluorophores with a carbonaceous core. FTIR analysis shows reasonably the same functional groups unless of some difference discussed in the text, meanwhile UV–Vis and PL analysis clearly highlight two distinct emissions (450 nm and 530 nm) in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Excitation-dependent photoluminescence, water stability and organic fluorescent nanostructures are issues particularly required for application in the biological field but also in materials science.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supramolecular interactions in graphene–chitosan composites with plasmonic nanoparticles","authors":"Sarah Briceño ,&nbsp;Lorena Layana ,&nbsp;Charlotte Berrezueta-Palacios ,&nbsp;Lenin Andres Guerrero-León ,&nbsp;Claudia Kroeckel ,&nbsp;Duncan John Mowbray ,&nbsp;Julio C. Chacón-Torres","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The supramolecular interactions between graphene and biopolymers, such as chitosan, determine both whether nanostructured-hybrid materials are formed and their technologically relevant physical/chemical properties. However, there is still a fundamental lack of knowledge about how nanocomposites based on chitosan and graphene are formed, as well as their intrinsic structure and interaction with plasmonic nanoparticles. In this work, we provide an in-depth understanding of the supramolecular interactions between chitosan and graphene in the formation of graphene–chitosan nanocomposites with gold or silver nanoparticles. To do so, we employ a combination of Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements with density functional theory (DFT) calculations to reveal the mechanism and driving forces behind these supramolecular interactions between graphene and chitosan. Specifically, we show they are based on a charge transfer process derived from the protonation of the amine groups of chitosan in acidic media. The understanding of the supramolecular interaction between graphene and chitosan that we provide herein should prove of great importance and interest to the material sciences and biomedical engineering fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of novel carbon nanocorals during the synthesis of graphene and investigations on their composition, morphological and structural properties","authors":"Debashree Das ,&nbsp;Girish M. Gouda ,&nbsp;K.B. Jinesh","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel carbon nanocorals (CNCs) are observed during the synthesis of graphene on copper substrates by thermal chemical vapor deposition, using precursor gas acetylene (C₂H₂) and carrier gas argon (Ar). CNCs have unique structure and investigations are carried out on structural and elemental compositions by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray excited Auger electron spectroscopy (XAES), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The graphitic nature of the CNCs is evident from characteristic D, G, and 2D bands obtained from Raman spectrum. Elemental composition analysis by XPS shows presence of sp² and sp³ hybridized carbon whereas XAES quantifies percentage of sp² and sp³ hybridized carbon. FESEM micrographs show a uniform distribution of densely packed CNCs throughout the sample, and formation of groups of CNCs with distinct contours on the surface. The cross-sectional FESEM shows stacking of large number of graphene layers with dendrites. HRTEM analysis further supports observations of FESEM and elaborates structural morphology of the CNCs. Synthesis, characterization and analysis of the properties of carbon nanocorals are reported here, for the first time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent research trends in the rational design strategies of carbon-based electrocatalysts for electrochemical ammonia synthesis","authors":"Hyojung Lim ,&nbsp;Jinuk Choi ,&nbsp;Euihyeon Hwang ,&nbsp;Sathyanarayanan Shanmugapriya ,&nbsp;Gnanaprakasam Janani ,&nbsp;Subramani Surendran ,&nbsp;Heechae Choi ,&nbsp;Gibum Kwon ,&nbsp;Kyoungsuk Jin ,&nbsp;Uk Sim","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia electrosynthesis is the most sustainable way to produce carbon-free hydrogen carriers, which would pave the way for the foreseen hydrogen economy and carbon neutralization as it has the potential to replace the conventional Haber-Bosch process. The electrocatalytic production of ammonia, which renewable energy resources could drive, reduces the carbon footprint contribution to fossil fuel consumption. Moreover, ammonia electrosynthesis also paves the way for recycling industrial/chemical wastewater and NO emissions. Hence, the advancement of electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis techniques is highly mandated for a greener future. This review consolidates the recent research trends associated with carbon-based electrocatalysts, which could elevate this viable technology with cost-effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical characterization of carbon black in different redox probes and their application in electrochemical sensing","authors":"Ruchika Chauhan ,&nbsp;Ronen Fogel ,&nbsp;Cristina Purcarea ,&nbsp;Georgiana Necula-Petrareanu ,&nbsp;Pablo Fanjul-Bolado ,&nbsp;David Ibañez ,&nbsp;Alina Vasilescu ,&nbsp;Roberta Maria Banciu ,&nbsp;Janice Limson","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon black - materials rich in carbon nanostructures - have been successfully applied as modifiers of electrochemical transducers, rivalling other carbon nanomaterials for cost and ease-of-use. Despite the remarkable promise of this nanomaterial, no study has yet comparatively characterised a wide range of different grades of carbon black for their utility in electrochemical sensors. Here, we explore several commonly-studied carbon black grades (N220, N234, N326, N330, N339, N375, N550, N660 and Lamp Black-101), alongside relatively newer grades (Printex®-200, Printex® G, Printex® XE-2B, and Printex® Zeta) for their application in electrochemical sensors. The effects of coating glassy carbon electrodes with carbon black on electrode performance were studied by cyclic voltammetry using three redox probes: ferri-/ferrocyanide (anionic probe molecules), ferrocenemethanol (neutral) and hexaammineruthenium (cationic). Raman Spectroscopy characterisation of the different grades associated a lower degree of graphitisation with superior electrode modifiers. Generally, modification increased the anodic peak current for ferri-/ferrocyanide probes; and lowered anodic potential for ferri-/ferrocyanide and hexaammineruthenium probes. Increases in peak current and potential observed at ferrocenemethanol are consistent with the increased tendency for this probe to adsorb to the surface of modified electrodes. N330 and Printex® XE-2B displayed the best electrocatalytic properties in terms of enhanced peak currents and lowered anodic overpotentials for the redox probes. CB grades were used to modify screen-printed carbon electrodes and the obtained sensors examined for anodic detection of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) cofactor by cyclic voltammetry. Printex® XE-2B significantly improved the detection of NADH and was further used for chronoamperometric detection of NADH at low overpotentials. Grades N220, N375, N550 and P-G showed their suitability as enzyme scaffolds for sensor fabrication, as determined by their preservation of the activity of a NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomedical application of carbon quantum dots: A review","authors":"Anand Salvi ,&nbsp;Saarthak Kharbanda ,&nbsp;Preeti Thakur ,&nbsp;Manish Shandilya ,&nbsp;Atul Thakur","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The many beneficial properties of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have led to their increased interest as a potential material for use in various biomedical applications. These properties include fluorescence, biocompatibility, low toxicity, small size, ease of modification, low production costs when scaled up, and versatile conjugation with other nanoparticles. In addition, the development of theranostic nanomedicine, bio-imaging of cells and bacteria, and multifunctional diagnostic platforms have all shown promise. Optical imaging, cancer therapy, drug delivery systems, gene delivery, antimicrobial activity, bioimaging and biosensors, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, pharmaceutical formulations, and more are all parts of CQD research that this review succinctly summarises. The literature primarily describes two approaches for synthesizing CQDs: the top-down approach, which involves disassembling a larger carbon structure into nanoscale particles, and the bottom-up approach, which involves creating CQDs from smaller carbon units (small organic molecules). The literature has a large number of review articles about the synthesis and uses of CQDs. Nevertheless, there isn't a comprehensive paper like this that goes over the entire process of creating and using CQDs made of tiny organic compounds. Based on the available literature, we have compiled the research progress on CQDs in this review, including its synthesis from small organic molecules (bottom-up approach), applications in the fields of bioimaging, drug/gene delivery systems, photocatalytic reactions, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and photothermal (PTT) therapy, as well as methods of thermal decomposition and microwave irradiation and ultrasonic treatment. Lastly, the difficulties and potential course of CQDs are explored. Our conversation also broadens to cover CQDs function in nanomedicine, the field that many believe will shape biomedicine in the years to come. The results of this study will help the biomedical research community realise the potential of CQDs to solve many present-day technological issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of carbon and preparation of activated carbon from waste dry cell battery","authors":"Md. Sahadat Hossain ,&nbsp;Sumaya Tabassum ,&nbsp;Sanjida Khan ,&nbsp;Dipa Islam ,&nbsp;Samina Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The goal of this research was to synthesize activated carbon (AC) from discarded batteries, and the crystallographic characterization of the final product (AC), intermediate product, and raw sources were explored. The formation of activated carbon was confirmed by utilizing an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) that revealed the structure of activated carbon was hexagonal. The crystallite size of activated carbon was computed by applying several model equations (Linear straight-line method of Scherrer's equation, Monshi-Scherrer method, Sahadat-Scherrer method, Size-Strain plot method, Halder-Wagner method, Williamson-Hall method), and the range of calculated crystallite size was 5–28 nm. The weight loss occurred in the two stages those was explored by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) confirmed that there was no significant change in the peak position between intermediate product and activated carbon except for the intensity and peak separation difference. Field Emission Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) revealed several types of shapes of the waste source, intermediate product, and main product (AC).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}