Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Citrus-extract synthesized Zn/Ag nanoparticles for sustainable management of rice bacterial leaf blight and soil health","authors":"Ihsan ud Din,&nbsp;Xiyu Tan,&nbsp;Xiaoying Zhang,&nbsp;Yihang Chen,&nbsp;Qihua Liang,&nbsp;Arif Ali Khattak,&nbsp;Muhammad Afzal,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Tan","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00849-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00849-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> (Xoo), the causative agent of bacterial leaf blight (BLB) in rice, poses significant threats to global crop productivity. To develop eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides, this study synthesized zinc (Zn) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) using <i>Citrus maxima</i> and <i>Citrus sinensis</i> extracts. NPs were characterized via UV–vis spectroscopy (peaks at 349 nm and 441 nm), FT-IR (identifying capping agents), and electron microscopy (spherical NPs, 8–56 nm). Antimicrobial assays revealed potent activity against Xoo, with Ag Nps exhibiting larger inhibition zones (31.32 mm) than ZnO NPs (19.31 mm). In vivo trials demonstrated infection reductions of 63.39% (Ag Nps) and 52.76% (Zn NPs), comparable to conventional pesticides. NPs enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities, thereby reducing ROS accumulation. Soil analysis indicated treatment-specific heavy metal dynamics: Zn NPs elevated Zn and Al levels. Microbial communities shifted under NP exposure; <i>Flavisolibacter, Sphingomonas,</i> and <i>Candidatus Koribacter</i> abundances varied significantly, distinguishing NP treatments from pesticides. Metabolomic profiling highlighted Ag Nps -induced upregulation of fatty acid and monoterpenoid biosynthesis pathways, suggesting targeted metabolic responses. While both NPs effectively suppressed BLB, Ag Nps showed superior antimicrobial performance, whereas Zn NPs influenced soil nutrient profiles. These findings underscore the potential of green-synthesized NPs as sustainable alternatives for BLB management, balancing disease control with minimal adverse effects on plant physiology and soil ecosystems. Further research is warranted to optimize NP dosages and assess long-term impacts on soil health.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00849-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile synthesis of novel quinolin-8-amine derivatives: crystallographic study, in silico and antifungal investigation","authors":"Jian-Ying Tong,&nbsp;Li-Jing Min,&nbsp;Na-Bo Sun,&nbsp;Hong-Ke Wu,&nbsp;Shu-Jing Yu,&nbsp;Qiang Bian,&nbsp;Xing-Hai Liu","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00853-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00853-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Quinoline, an important nitrogen-containing heterocycle, is frequently found in both natural and synthetic compounds. Numerous quinoline derivatives have been developed as commercial pharmaceuticals and pesticides. Due to quinoline derivatives having exhibited various bioactivities, this research aims to investigate novel quinolin-8-amine derivatives as potential antifungal agents. Elucidating the structure–activity relationships (SAR) provides insights to facilitate the discovery of new agrochemicals.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A series of quinolin-8-amine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and structurally characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the molecular architecture of compound <b>3n</b> (4-chloro-<i>N</i>-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,3-dimethylquinolin-8-amine). Biological evaluation revealed several synthesized derivatives exhibited fungicidal activity against ten phytopathogenic fungi. Structural analysis of compound <b>3n</b> revealed two distinct intermolecular hydrogen-bonding motifs: N–H···Cl and C–H···Cl interactions. Hirshfeld surface analysis identified H···H (37.0%) and C···H (12.2%) contacts as the major intermolecular interactions, while energy framework calculations revealed their respective contributions to crystal packing stability. Computational investigations including energy framework analysis, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations consistently emphasized the critical role of the quinoline scaffold in the antifungal activity.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study provides an improved understanding of the SAR of quinoline-based fungicides, which is valuable for synthesizing novel quinoline derivatives and discovering more potent quinoline-based fungicides.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00853-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive genomic analysis of Sinorhizobium meliloti isolates associated with fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn.) from diverse agroclimatic regions of India","authors":"Mitesh Khairnar,&nbsp;Saleh S. Alhewairini,&nbsp;Swapnil Chandrakant Kajale,&nbsp;Vagish Dwibedi,&nbsp;Jayanthi Barasarathi,&nbsp;Andrea Mastinu,&nbsp;Riyaz Sayyed","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00811-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00811-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Sinorhizobium</i> sp. enhances plant vitality and stress resilience and improves soil structure. Underscoring their significance as agriculturally important bioagents for increased agricultural productivity requires understanding their taxonomic and functional relationships and the genetic foundations and pathways that drive plant growth-promoting traits. Genome sequencing, comparative genomics, functional annotation, and hybrid genome assemblies can achieve these. Comparative genomic analyses revealed a close relationship between the studied strains and <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> and <i>Sinorhizobium kummerowiae</i>, which was further supported by phylogenomic, ANI, AAI, and dDDH analyses. Gene family cluster analysis identified 5999 gene families in the FRNB45 strain, 6116 in the FRNB101 strain, and 5996 in the FRNB126 strain. Functional genomic analysis identified several biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) related to secondary metabolite production, including polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs), and siderophores, highlighting the metabolic versatility of these strains. KEGG pathway analysis confirmed the presence of nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization pathways, genes associated with the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and siderophores. These findings support the potential application of FRNB45, FRNB101, and FRNB126 as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), particularly suited for diverse climatic conditions and high-altitude ecosystems. However, further experimental validation is required to confirm their efficacy and consistency under field conditions. </p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00811-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary oregano essential oil supplementation improves intestinal barrier function and modulates the cecal microbiota and metabolites of beef cattle","authors":"Pengjia He,&nbsp;Yu Lei,&nbsp;Rui Zhang,&nbsp;Jinping Shi,&nbsp;Qiang Cheng,&nbsp;Yannan Ma,&nbsp;Tao Ran,&nbsp;Zhaomin Lei","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00858-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00858-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The health of the hindgut in beef cattle plays a crucial role in their growth and overall health. Oregano essential oil (OEO) has gained attention as a potential alternative to antibiotics due to its various beneficial properties such as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. However, its specific impacts on cecal health in beef cattle and its underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of OEO supplementation on basal immune status, intestinal barrier integrity-related gene expression, microbiota, and their metabolites in the cecum of beef cattle, thus to better understand its potential mechanism.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty-seven steers (initial body weigh 270.47 ± 16.26 kg) were randomly assigned to three groups with nine replicates each in a 390-day trial. Steers were fed with basal diet (CON), basal diet supplemented with 130 mg/d OEO (LOE), and basal diet with 260 mg/d OEO (HOE). Results showed that dietary HOE supplementation significantly increased the growth performance (average daily gain and final body weight) (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Compared to CON group, both LOE and HOE groups showed reduced levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (<i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>), while only HOE decreased IL-6 and increased IL-4 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, HOE supplementation upregulated the intestinal tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and Claudin-1) gene expression <i>(P</i> &lt; <i>0.05)</i>. The HOE group exhibited a significant increase in the relative abundances of cecal beneficial bacteria (e.g., <i>Bacillus, Lactobacillus, and Lactococcus, P</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>). Furthermore, HOE supplementation increased the concentrations of butyrate in cecal short-chain fatty acids (<i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>HOE supplementation has the potential to regulate cecal barrier homeostasis, the microbiota and its derived metabolites, improve basal immune status, and ultimately benefit the health and performance of steers.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00858-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium nitroprusside and salicylic acid facilitated post-stress recovery in birch seedlings under cadmium stress by modulating ROS/RNS and lupeol levels","authors":"Yanqun Ma,&nbsp;Zhiyu Ding,&nbsp;Huimin Liu,&nbsp;Bo Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoshuang Li,&nbsp;Haixin Yang,&nbsp;Ya Guang Zhan,&nbsp;Gui Zhi Fan","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00852-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00852-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitric oxide (NO) and salicylic acid (SA) are recognized for their ability to mitigate cadmium (Cd) stress, yet their roles in facilitating plant post-stress recovery after Cd exposure remain poorly understood. This study showed that birch seedlings exposed to 8 and 40 mg kg⁻¹ Cd for 15 and 30 days displayed significant dry weight reduction, elevated reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and increased lupeol accumulation compared to controls. After 15 days of 40 mg kg⁻¹ Cd treatment, the exogenous supplement of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or SA effectively alleviated growth inhibition while reducing ROS levels and ROS/RNS ratios by 35.82–149.31% (SNP) and 33.12–147.53% (SA), concurrently enhancing lupeol content by 28.33–54.29% (SNP) and 19.59–80.01% (SA) and upregulating <i>BpLUS2</i> (lupeol synthase) expression in the leaves, stems, and roots of the seedlings. Yeast expressing <i>BpLUS2</i> (pYES2-BpLUS2) exhibited 32.89% higher lupeol production and 660.00% greater growth under Cd stress than controls. Furthermore, 1 and 3 μmol L⁻¹ exogenous lupeol increased fresh weight by 62.45% and 101.20% in Cd-stressed birch calli. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that SNP or SA supplementation promotes post-stress recovery in birch seedlings under Cd stress, highlighting the potential role of lupeol in mitigating Cd-induced stress.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00852-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacillus velezensis: a natural shield against black rot disease on Serbian autochthonous cabbage cv. Futoški","authors":"Nataša Stanojević,&nbsp;Bojana Živanović,&nbsp;Sonja Milić Komić,&nbsp;Sanja Marković,&nbsp;Tatjana Popović Milovanović,&nbsp;Petar Mitrović,&nbsp;Ivana Sofrenić,&nbsp;Dragosav Mutavdžić,&nbsp;Danijel Milinčić,&nbsp;Mirjana Pešić,&nbsp;Aleksandra Jelušić","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00851-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00851-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Serbian autochthonous cabbage cv. Futoški is highly susceptible to the plant pathogenic bacterium <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i> pv. <i>campestris</i>, the causal agent of black rot, leading to significant economic losses. This study aimed to isolate indigenous <i>Bacillus</i> spp. and <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. strains with beneficial traits for biocontrol of black rot. From a total of 115 potential antagonistic strains, four (coded as P-FC 55, RD-FC 88, R-FC 102, And R-FC 114) identified as species <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> were selected as candidates based on strong in vitro antagonistic activity, both as whole cultures and cell-free supernatants, against the most virulent <i>X. campestris</i> pv. <i>campestris</i> strain (XcFC 231) identified in this study. No statistically significant differences were observed between the efficacy of whole cultures and supernatants of biocontrol candidates. Preventive inoculation approaches (seed and foliar) of biocontrol candidates consistently outperformed curative treatments across all strains, highlighting their potential as preferred application strategies. The most effective <i>B. velezensis</i> strain was RD-FC 88, applied in the form of a whole culture during preventive foliar application, achieving 93.86% disease suppression, surpassing copper oxychloride (89.26%) under the same conditions. Chemical profiling (GC/MS and UHPLC–QToF MS) of ethyl acetate extracts revealed the presence of a wide range of antimicrobial organic compounds (e.g., 2,3-butanediol, urea, succinic acid, thymine, phenylalanine, 9H-purin-6-ol) and lipopeptides (surfactins C₁₂–C₁₇), which may be contributing factors to the biocontrol activity of the strains. Next to the surfactins, molecular screening for the presence of genes encoding the production of lipopeptides with antimicrobial activity indicated the potential of strains to produce bacillomycin D and iturins (except R-FC 114) under certain growing conditions. Preventive application (seed and foliar) of biocontrol candidate strains led to an increase in epidermal flavonoid and chlorophyll content, while the opposite trend was observed in curative treatments. The results of this study highlight the strong potential of the <i>B. velezensis</i> strains P-FC 55, RD-FC 88, R-FC 102, And R-FC 114 for controlling black rot disease on the cabbage cv. Futoški, with possible broader applicability to other cabbage cultivars and Brassicaceae crops.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00851-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effectiveness of zeolite and rice husk biochar in mitigating NH₃ and N₂O emissions as linked to the nitrogen use efficiency of pig slurry during the vegetative growth of Brassica napus","authors":"Bok-Rye Lee,&nbsp;Sang-Hyun Park,&nbsp;Muchamad Muchlas,&nbsp;Tae-Hwan Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00859-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00859-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ammonia (NH₃) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emitted from the pig slurry (PS)-applied soil lead not only to the risk of environmental pollution, but also to the loss of plant nutritional nitrogen (N). This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of zeolite and rice husk biochar (RHB) in mitigating the N losses via NH₃ and N₂O emissions from PS-amended soils, and N use efficiency (NUE) for vegetative growth of oilseed rape (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.). Both zeolite and RHB application significantly reduced NH₃ and N₂O emissions from the PS-applied soil and improved the NUE for the vegetative growth. When compared the effectiveness of two materials, RHB application has more positive effectiveness in soil pH buffering, urease activity, organic acid content and NH₄⁺ content in soil throughout the experimental period, resulting in a higher mitigation of NH₃ and N₂O emissions as well as NUE for dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) production. The enhanced NH₄⁺ content in soil closely related to the reduction of NH₃ and N₂O emissions, and with improved NUE for DM and CP production. A superior performance of RHB relative to zeolite is attributed mainly to a stronger capacity of NH₄⁺ adsorption by higher oxygen-containing functional groups on its surface, and in part to the supply of bioavailable carbon derived from RHB leading to an increase in urease activity and soil organic acid content. Therefore, RHB can be considered a more promising amendment than zeolite for simultaneously mitigating gaseous N losses and enhancing NUE in oilseed rape cultivation.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00859-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative degradation pathways of carrot carotenes and their protection via chitosan-TPP encapsulation","authors":"Hussein M. Ali,&nbsp;Salwa A. Eid,&nbsp;Hany A. Sharaf Eldeen,&nbsp;Mai E. H. Ebrahim","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00855-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00855-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous acid are reactive oxygen species that naturally occur in biological systems; the oxidation products of biological molecules, such as carotenoids, formed by these oxidants are found in foods and living organisms. This study aims to identify these metabolite products and propose the degradation mechanism based on the identified product structures and the obtained kinetic data. To protect carotenes from oxidation and improve their use as food additives and pharmaceuticals, carrot carotenoids were encapsulated in a chitosan-TPP copolymer.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The results revealed that the main carotene oxidation product from H₂O₂ and HOCl was apo-13-carotenone-5,6-epoxide; LC–MS/MS also detected additional products for the first time. The kinetics study indicated that oxidation follows first-order kinetics in carotene and second-order kinetics in H2O2, with epoxidation of the ring double bonds and cleavage of the 13-double bond forming the major product, while cleavage of the single bond C10’–C11 resulted in the minor product, β-apo-12ʹ-carotenone-5,6-epoxide; proposed mechanisms were outlined. To protect carotenoids from oxidation, a chitosan-TPP complex was prepared and characterized. While free carotene stability decreased to 63% after 120 min and 34% after 30 min under H₂O₂ and HOCl treatments, respectively, the complex remained stable at over 94% for 300 min. Additionally, the complex did not reduce the antioxidant activity of carotene against hydroxyl radicals but slightly lowered its reducing power. Carotene release followed first-order kinetics with an 88.33% recovery over nine days, mainly controlled by diffusion.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Producing apo-13-carotenone-5,6-epoxide as a major product in carotene oxidation by both oxidants suggests that it may serve as a potential biomarker. Other new products were identified that require further study to examine their activities. The prepared chitosan-TPP complex effectively stabilizes carotenes against both ROS while retaining most of their original antioxidant activities, indicating its potential applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00855-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial activity and wound healing promotion of biomass carbon dots derived from a forestry pest, Glenea cantor (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)","authors":"Gang Ren,&nbsp;Wen Zhang,&nbsp;Yuan Tang,&nbsp;Bangyu Zhong,&nbsp;Liangshan Ming,&nbsp;Qimeng Fan,&nbsp;Jia Huang,&nbsp;Hongning Liu,&nbsp;Zhixin Li,&nbsp;Ping Luo,&nbsp;Zishu Dong","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00848-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00848-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forestry pests pose serious ecological challenges, yet their biological value remains underexplored. This study aimed to convert the destructive longhorn beetle <i>Glenea cantor</i> (<i>G. cantor</i>) into biomass carbon dots (GC-CDs) with both antibacterial and wound healing properties. GC-CDs were synthesized by a simple microwave-assisted method and characterized by techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The particles were quasi-spherical with an average size of 1.02 nm and displayed excellent water solubility. In vitro assays confirmed the low cytotoxicity and hemolysis rates of GC-CDs, while in vivo evaluations showed no systemic toxicity. GC-CDs inhibited <i>Escherichia coli</i> growth and enhanced cell migration and wound closure in scratch assays, Transwell tests, and mouse wound models. These results demonstrate that GC-CDs possess dual antibacterial and wound healing activities, offering a sustainable strategy for transforming forestry pests into valuable biomedical resources.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00848-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of sodium selenate on energy metabolism of amaranth inoculated with Glomus mosseae based on targeted metabolomics","authors":"Xiuqin Huang,&nbsp;Yunmei Lu,&nbsp;Mao Mu,&nbsp;Yaling Zhao,&nbsp;Xuejun Tian,&nbsp;Renhua Huang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00845-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00845-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Selenium (Se) deficiency poses significant health risks to human populations globally, necessitating effective biofortification strategies. Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus retroflexus</i>), a nutrient-dense vegetable with demonstrated capacity for Se accumulation in seleniferous soils, represents a promising biofortification vehicle. Critically, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance rhizospheric Se mobilization, yet their synergistic effects on plant energy metabolism remain unexplored.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>This pot study investigated the influence of exogenous selenium (Se) treatment on energy metabolism in amaranth colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus <i>Glomus mosseae</i>. Using LC–MS/MS-based targeted metabolomics with OPLS-DA and KEGG analysis, we identified 14 differentially expressed metabolites (8 up-/6 down-regulated) in Se-exposed plants. These metabolites mapped to glycolysis, TCA cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, electron transport chain, and amino acid/pyruvate metabolism. Activity assays of key enzymes, including PGI, SDH, G6PDH, 6PGDH, and CCO, revealed potential multi-pathway perturbations in energy metabolism under Se treatment.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Based on these results, it can be concluded that selenium addition significantly affected amaranth energy metabolism.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00845-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}