E. Farran, Kerry D. Hudson, Amelia Bennett, Aan Ameen, Iliana Misheva, Badri Bechlem, M. Blades, Y. Courbois
{"title":"Anxiety and Spatial Navigation in Williams Syndrome and Down Syndrome","authors":"E. Farran, Kerry D. Hudson, Amelia Bennett, Aan Ameen, Iliana Misheva, Badri Bechlem, M. Blades, Y. Courbois","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2022.2047685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2022.2047685","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) and individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) present with poor navigation and elevated anxiety. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between these two characteristics. Parent report questionnaires measured navigation abilities and anxiety in WS (N = 55) and DS (N = 42) as follows. Anxiety: Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale and a novel measure of navigation anxiety. Navigation: Santa Barbara Sense of Direction Scale (SBSOD) and a novel measure of navigation competence. Most individuals were not permitted to travel independently. A relationship between navigation anxiety and SBSOD scores (but not navigation competence) was observed for both groups.","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"26 1","pages":"136 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83225691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sleep Behaviors and Handedness in Gifted and Non-Gifted Children.","authors":"Joseph M Piro, Camilo Ortiz, Lynne Manouvrier","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1973473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1973473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patterns of sleep behaviors appear to differ across students with special needs including those classified with developmental disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism. One understudied segment of the special needs population is that of gifted children, students who bring their own unique set of behavioral characteristics. In the present study, it was hypothesized that because of unique cognitive and socio-emotional intensities, gifted children would experience elevated levels of sleep disturbance in comparison to their non-gifted peers. Handedness was also surveyed for additional insight into cerebral organization. The study's participants were 35 gifted and 23 non-gifted students between the ages of 8-12. To measure sleep behaviors, data from the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (Abbreviated), Sleep Self-Report, and a sleep diary were collected. To assess handedness, the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory was administered. Results indicated that although gifted students did trend toward experiencing more sleep disturbance, when compared to non-gifted students, no significant differences were found in mean bedtime, hours slept, sleeping problems, or use of electronic devices before bedtime. In terms of handedness, gifted participants displayed more left-hand bias. Although no differences were found between sleep patterns of gifted vs. non-gifted children, this study adds to the limited evidential base on gifted children, handedness, and sleep. Additional research on sleep behaviors within this special needs cohort may be warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"46 6","pages":"425-434"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39443617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alana J Anderson, Sammy Perone, Allegra Campagna, Maria A Gartstein
{"title":"Play with Mom: Insights into Regulatory Processes at Work during Baseline and Parent-infant Play.","authors":"Alana J Anderson, Sammy Perone, Allegra Campagna, Maria A Gartstein","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1981904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1981904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is a neural correlate of approach and avoidance motivational processes. This study examined the shift in FAA from baseline to play, associations to parent-reported regulatory abilities, and parent and infant behaviors during play. Infants exhibited greater left frontal alpha activity (more approach) during baseline relative to play. Shifts in FAA toward greater left frontal alpha activity (more approach) from baseline to play were associated with parent ratings of infants' regulatory behaviors and object exploration exhibited during play. These results highlight ongoing regulatory processes involved in positively valenced tasks typical in infants' daily life.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"46 6","pages":"447-462"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39470221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew Hooyman, Joshua S Talboom, Matthew D DeBoth, Lee Ryan, Matthew J Huentelman, Sydney Y Schaefer
{"title":"Remote, Unsupervised Functional Motor Task Evaluation in Older Adults across the United States Using the MindCrowd Electronic Cohort.","authors":"Andrew Hooyman, Joshua S Talboom, Matthew D DeBoth, Lee Ryan, Matthew J Huentelman, Sydney Y Schaefer","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1979005","DOIUrl":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1979005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19 has impacted the ability to evaluate motor function in older adults, as motor assessments typically require face-to-face interaction. One hundred seventy-seven older adults nationwide completed an unsupervised functional upper-extremity assessment at home. Data were compared to data from an independent sample of community-dwelling older adults (N = 250) assessed in lab. The effect of age on performance was similar between the in-lab and at-home groups. Practice effects were also similar. Assessing upper-extremity motor function remotely is feasible and reliable in community-dwelling older adults. This test offers a practical solution for telehealth practice and other research involving remote or geographically isolated individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"46 6","pages":"435-446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8671381/pdf/nihms-1751730.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39488313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William Mayes, Judith Gentle, Irene Parisi, Laura Dixon, José van Velzen, Ines Violante
{"title":"Top-down Inhibitory Motor Control Is Preserved in Adults with Developmental Coordination Disorder.","authors":"William Mayes, Judith Gentle, Irene Parisi, Laura Dixon, José van Velzen, Ines Violante","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1966431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1966431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two paradigms were employed to disentangle information processing from executive motor inhibition in adults with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Choice Reaction and Stop Signal Tasks were compared between 13 adults fulfilling DSM-5 DCD criteria and 42 typically developing adults. Additional analyses included 16 probable DCD (pDCD) participants, who had motor difficulties but did not fulfil DSM-5 criteria. Analyses employed frequentist and Bayesian modeling. While DCD+pDCD showed slower reaction times and difficulty initiating Go responses, no impairments in Stop actions were found. These findings indicated no executive deficit in DCD, suggesting that previous results may be explained by inefficient information processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"46 6","pages":"409-424"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39388770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Zirbes, Andrew Jones, Kenneth Manzel, Natalie Denburg, Joseph Barrash
{"title":"Assessing the Effects of Healthy and Neuropathological Aging on Personality with the Iowa Scales of Personality Change.","authors":"Christian Zirbes, Andrew Jones, Kenneth Manzel, Natalie Denburg, Joseph Barrash","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1956500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1956500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personality changes in older adults with brain disease may be confounded by effects of normal aging. In this cross-sectional study, ratings with the Iowa Scales of Personality Change for 62 healthy older adults (OA-H, aged 60+) were compared to matched older adults with brain diseases (OA-BD). OA-H did not show any significant personality changes from middle age to older adulthood. However, between 10% and 20% of OA-H developed a disturbance in <i>Lack of Stamina, Inflexibility, Lability</i>, and <i>Lack of Insight</i>. Otherwise, the pattern of findings suggesting normal aging effects on personality disturbances in clinical groups are generally minimal.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"46 5","pages":"393-408"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1956500","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39202569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Critical Item Analysis Enhances the Classification Accuracy of the Logical Memory Recognition Trial as a Performance Validity Indicator.","authors":"Alexa Dunn, Sadie Pyne, Brad Tyson, Robert Roth, Ayman Shahein, Laszlo Erdodi","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1956499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1956499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>: Replicate previous research on Logical Memory Recognition (LM<i><sub>Recog</sub></i>) and perform a critical item analysis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>: Performance validity was psychometrically operationalized in a mixed clinical sample of 213 adults. Classification of the LM<i><sub>Recog</sub></i> and nine critical items (CR-9) was computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>: LM<i><sub>Recog</sub></i> ≤20 produced a good combination of sensitivity (.30-.35) and specificity (.89-.90). CR-9 ≥5 and ≥6 had comparable classification accuracy. CR-9 ≥5 increased sensitivity by 4% over LM<i><sub>Recog</sub></i> ≤20; CR-9 ≥6 increased specificity by 6-8% over LM<i><sub>Recog</sub></i> ≤20; CR-9 ≥7 increased specificity by 8-15%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>: Critical item analysis enhances the classification accuracy of the optimal LM<i><sub>Recog</sub></i> cutoff (≤20).</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"46 5","pages":"327-346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39418830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lauren M Scimeca, Lindsey Holbrook, Tasha Rhoads, Brian M Cerny, Kyle J Jennette, Zachary J Resch, Maximillian A Obolsky, Gabriel P Ovsiew, Jason R Soble
{"title":"Examining Conners Continuous Performance Test-3 (CPT-3) Embedded Performance Validity Indicators in an Adult Clinical Sample Referred for ADHD Evaluation.","authors":"Lauren M Scimeca, Lindsey Holbrook, Tasha Rhoads, Brian M Cerny, Kyle J Jennette, Zachary J Resch, Maximillian A Obolsky, Gabriel P Ovsiew, Jason R Soble","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1951270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1951270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated multiple previously-identified Continuous Performance Test-Third Edition (CPT-3) scores as embedded validity indicators (EVIs) among 201 adults undergoing neuropsychological evaluation for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) divided into valid (n = 169) and invalid (n = 32) groups based on seven criterion measures. Although 6/10 CPT-3 scores accurately detected invalidity, only two reached minimally acceptable classification accuracy of ≥0.70. The remaining four had unacceptably low accuracy (AUCs = 0.62-0.69) with 0.19-0.41 sensitivity at ≥0.90 specificity. Composite scores did not provide better classification accuracy than individual CPT-3 scores. In sum, CPT-3 individual and composite scores generally are not accurate PVTs among adults undergoing clinical evaluation for ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"46 5","pages":"347-359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1951270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39179979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Wierzchowski, Savanna Sablich-Duley, Veronica Bordes Edgar
{"title":"Variability in Neuropsychological Phenotypes in Patients with 22Q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: Case Series.","authors":"Andrea Wierzchowski, Savanna Sablich-Duley, Veronica Bordes Edgar","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1956498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1956498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) have diverse neurodevelopmental and mental health profiles involving cognitive impairments and behavioral symptomatology that evolve over the lifespan. 22q11.2DS is the second-most common cause of developmental delay in children. Frequent physical manifestations include impact to skeletal, cardiac, immunological, respiratory, renal, auditory, and gastrointestinal systems. Neuropsychological impact ranges from early developmental delay to learning disabilities to more global intellectual disability. This population is also at higher risk for psychiatric conditions including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Anxiety Disorder, Bipolar Disorder and early Schizophrenia. The present case series relays cross-sectional findings from a 3-year -old Black/Non-Hispanic male, a 5-year -old White/Hispanic/Latina female, and an 8-year -old White/Hispanic/Latina female, diagnosed with 22q11.2DS via whole exome sequencing. Based on the referral question, various components of intellectual, attention/executive, memory, language, visual-motor/fine-motor, academic, adaptive, and emotional/behavioral functioning were examined across cases. Results revealed cognitive scores that ranged from exceptionally low to below average, consistent with the variability in cognitive functioning documented in the literature. Their neurodevelopmental and mental health symptoms appear to be consistent with time points reported in the literature including Autism Spectrum Disorder in the youngest patient and elevated levels of anxiety and internalizing behaviors in the oldest patient, placing that patient at a greater risk for further psychiatric difficulties. Therefore, longitudinal documentation of linkages between clinical neuropsychological presentations and specific genetic characteristics in 22q11.2DS is warranted to identify consistent developmental differences across the lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"46 5","pages":"381-392"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1956498","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39224087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship between Puberty and Inhibitory Control: Computational Modeling of the Drift-diffusion Process.","authors":"Peter J Castagna, Michael J Crowley","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1952206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1952206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous work relies largely on the simple reaction time measures in inhibitory control tasks. The goal of the current study was to provide a better understanding the relationship between puberty, sex, and inhibitory control utilizing and contrasting two popular drift diffusion models. A sample of 103 adolescents (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 14.49, <i>SD </i>= 1.69) self-reported their pubertal development and completed a flanker task. Utilizing Bayesian regressions, we found that the interaction between puberty and sex were significant predictors of the A/B parameter, conceptualized as the amount of information considered for a decision during the task.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"46 5","pages":"360-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1952206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39202099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}