Sami Ali, Iulia Crisan, Christopher A Abeare, Laszlo A Erdodi
{"title":"Cross-Cultural Performance Validity Testing: Managing False Positives in Examinees with Limited English Proficiency.","authors":"Sami Ali, Iulia Crisan, Christopher A Abeare, Laszlo A Erdodi","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2022.2105847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2022.2105847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Base rates of failure (BR<i><sub>Fail</sub></i>) on performance validity tests (PVTs) were examined in university students with limited English proficiency (LEP). BR<i><sub>Fail</sub></i> was calculated for several free-standing and embedded PVTs. All free-standing PVTs and certain embedded indicators were robust to LEP. However, LEP was associated with unacceptably high BR<i><sub>Fail</sub></i> (20-50%) on several embedded PVTs with high levels of verbal mediation (even multivariate models of PVT could not contain BR<i><sub>Fail</sub></i>). In conclusion, failing free-standing/dedicated PVTs cannot be attributed to LEP. However, the elevated BR<i><sub>Fail</sub></i> on several embedded PVTs in university students suggest an unacceptably high overall risk of false positives associated with LEP.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"47 6","pages":"273-294"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9171400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Patience Is a Virtue: Theory of Mind Longitudinally Predicts Children's Delay during School Transition.","authors":"Zhenlin Wang, Xiaozi Gao","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2022.2094382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2022.2094382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Four- to seven-year-old children participated in a battery of tasks assessing their theory of mind, conflict inhibition, and delay at time 1, and theory of mind and delay one year later at time 2. Cross-lagged analysis revealed that earlier theory of mind predicted later delay after controlling for earlier conflict inhibition and theory of mind, child age, and family socioeconomic status. The findings highlighted the dynamic nature of the association between theory of mind and delay during the school transition years in its strength and direction, and the increasing specificity in the structure of executive function with age.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"233-246"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40562022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julie M Schneider, Grace McIlvain, Curtis L Johnson
{"title":"Mechanical Properties of the Developing Brain are Associated with Language Input and Vocabulary Outcome.","authors":"Julie M Schneider, Grace McIlvain, Curtis L Johnson","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2022.2108425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2022.2108425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The quality of language that children hear in their environment is associated with the development of language-related brain regions, in turn promoting vocabulary knowledge. Although informative, it remains unknown how these environmental influences alter the structure of neural tissue and subsequent vocabulary outcomes. The current study uses magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) to examine how children's language environments underlie brain tissue mechanical properties, characterized as brain tissue stiffness and damping ratio, and promote vocabulary knowledge. Twenty-five children, ages 5-7, had their audio and video recorded while engaging in a play session with their parents. Children also completed the Picture Vocabulary Task (from NIH Toolbox) and participated in an MRI, where MRE and anatomical images were acquired. Higher quality input was associated with greater stiffness in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus and right superior temporal gyrus, whereas greater vocabulary knowledge was associated with lower damping ratio in the right inferior frontal gyrus. These findings suggest changes in neural tissue composition are sensitive to malleable aspects of the environment, whereas tissue organization is more strongly associated with vocabulary outcome. Notably, these associations were independent of maternal education, suggesting more proximal measures of a child's environment may be the source of differences in neural tissue structure underlying variability in vocabulary outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"47 5","pages":"258-272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9397825/pdf/nihms-1830110.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9953200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jenna E Ausloos-Lozano, Hanaan Bing-Canar, Humza Khan, Palak G Singh, Amanda M Wisinger, Andrew A Rauch, Caitlin M Ogram Buckley, Luke G Petry, Kyle J Jennette, Jason R Soble, Zachary J Resch
{"title":"Assessing performance validity during attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder evaluations: Cross-validation of non-memory embedded validity indicators.","authors":"Jenna E Ausloos-Lozano, Hanaan Bing-Canar, Humza Khan, Palak G Singh, Amanda M Wisinger, Andrew A Rauch, Caitlin M Ogram Buckley, Luke G Petry, Kyle J Jennette, Jason R Soble, Zachary J Resch","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2022.2096889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2022.2096889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Embedded performance validity tests (PVTs) are key components of neuropsychological evaluations. However, most are memory-based and may be less useful in the assessment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Four non-memory-based validity indices derived from processing speed and executive functioning measures commonly included in ADHD evaluations, namely Verbal Fluency (VF) and the Trail Making Test (TMT), were cross-validated using the Rey 15-Item Test (RFIT) Recall and Recall/Recognition as memory-based comparison measures. This consecutive case series included data from 416 demographically-diverse adults who underwent outpatient neuropsychological evaluation for ADHD. Validity classifications were established, with ≤1 PVT failure of five independent criterion PVTs as indicative of valid performance (374 valid performers/42 invalid performers). Among the statistically significant validity indicators, TMT-A and TMT-B T-scores (AUCs = .707-.723) had acceptable classification accuracy ranges and sensitivities ranging from 29%-36% (≥89% specificity). RFIT Recall/Recognition produced similar results as TMT-B T-score with 42% sensitivity/90% specificity, but with lower classification accuracy. In evaluating adult ADHD, VF and TMT embedded PVTs demonstrated comparable sensitivity and specificity values to those found in other clinical populations but necessitated alternate cut-scores. Results also support use of RFIT Recall/Recognition over the standard RFIT Recall as a PVT for adult ADHD evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"247-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40471029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mikaela D Bonham, Erinn Hawkins, Allison M Waters, Dianne C Shanley
{"title":"Can't Stop, Won't Stop? The Role of Inhibitory Control and Callous-Unemotional Traits in Childhood Conduct Problems and Aggression.","authors":"Mikaela D Bonham, Erinn Hawkins, Allison M Waters, Dianne C Shanley","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2022.2069770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2022.2069770","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Disruptive behaviors such as conduct problems and aggression are some of the most prevalent childhood psychological concerns. The etiology of disruptive behaviors is heterogenous and the relationships between the myriad risk factors that contribute to these problems are not yet fully understood. This study examined the relationship between inhibitory control and callous-unemotional traits (CU traits) with conduct problems and aggression in a community sample of children (aged 6 to 11 years). Caregivers (n= 148) completed a survey assessing a range of known risk factors (including hyperactivity and inattention). Children were found to display more conduct problems and aggression if they had greater difficulties with inhibitory control and a higher number of CU traits. Interestingly, when children had CU traits, inhibitory control difficulties exacerbated the severity of conduct problems (but not aggression). Differences in severity between conduct problems and aggression highlight the unique relationships between risk factors such as inhibitory control and CU traits, and lay the groundwork for future studies to explore the trajectories of this relationship.","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"47 4","pages":"210-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10219821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stian Orm, Y. Pollak, I. N. Fossum, P. N. Andersen, M. Øie, E. W. Skogli
{"title":"Decision-making and Risky Behavior in Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A 10-year Longitudinal Study","authors":"Stian Orm, Y. Pollak, I. N. Fossum, P. N. Andersen, M. Øie, E. W. Skogli","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2022.2082430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2022.2082430","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We assessed 85 children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and 50 typically developing children (TD) (Mage = 11.59, 57.8% boys) with the Hungry Donkey Task (HDT) at baseline and 2-year follow-up, and the Iowa Gambling Task at 10-year follow-up (75% retention). Improvement in the proportion of advantageous choices was observed from two- to 10-year follow-up, but the ADHD group improved less and was outperformed by the TD group at the 10-year follow-up. More advantageous choices on the HDT at baseline predicted less risky behavior at 10-year follow-up. Male sex and more inattentive or externalizing symptoms at baseline predicted more risky behavior.","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"9 1","pages":"193 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86552408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María Paula Silva Sánchez, Jesús David Peña Hernández, Luz Stella Pinilla García, G. A. Contreras García, M. Rojas, L. A. Díaz Martínez
{"title":"Complex Congenital Heart Disease and Neurodevelopment. A Case Study of Fraternal Twins","authors":"María Paula Silva Sánchez, Jesús David Peña Hernández, Luz Stella Pinilla García, G. A. Contreras García, M. Rojas, L. A. Díaz Martínez","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2022.2070169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2022.2070169","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Congenital heart defects have been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes due to factors that result in a hypoxic-ischemic cerebral cumulative effect. We present a pair of fraternal twins: the first twin was healthy, and the second was born with a complex congenital heart defect (CCHD). They were followed for growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes to determine the comparative effect of exposure to a CCHD. Results show that exposure to a CCHD could be related to a persistent motor deficiency with hypotonia and concurrent height for age delay. CCHD requires a comprehensive neurodevelopmental approach; the pathophysiology and the surrounding stimuli are influential.","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"177 1","pages":"226 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79921587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renata Maria Silva Santos, Camila Guimarães Mendes, Débora Marques Miranda, M. Romano‐Silva
{"title":"The Association between Screen Time and Attention in Children: A Systematic Review","authors":"Renata Maria Silva Santos, Camila Guimarães Mendes, Débora Marques Miranda, M. Romano‐Silva","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2022.2064863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2022.2064863","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Electronic media pervade modern life. Childhood is a crucial period for attentional development and the screen exposure time is increasing. This review aimed to understand the association between screen time and attention of children with typical development. A systematic review was conducted in compliance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes PRISMA being registered at Prospero under number CRD42021228721. A search was performed in January 2021 with the following keywords: “screen time,” “children,” and “attention,” combined with the operator AND, on databases PubMed, and PsycINFO. Four hundred and ninety-eight articles were identified, and 41 papers were fully read, of which 11 were included in this review. Most studies found associations between screen time and attention in children. Only one study reported that children with more screen time performed better in an attention task. The findings suggest that exposure to excessive screen time in children can be associated with attention problems. Parents and teachers may be involved in controlling screen exposure, especially after the extensive exposition to online classes, due to the pandemic. Further studies are needed to assess the influence of this overexposure on care over time.","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"134 1","pages":"175 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89234447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica Wallace, Justin E Karr, Philip Schatz, Phillip Worts, Tracey Covassin, Grant L Iverson
{"title":"The Frequency of Low Scores on ImPACT in Adolescent Student-Athletes: Stratification by Race and Socioeconomic Status Using Multivariate Base Rates.","authors":"Jessica Wallace, Justin E Karr, Philip Schatz, Phillip Worts, Tracey Covassin, Grant L Iverson","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2022.2034827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2022.2034827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the associations between the frequency of low scores on the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) by race and socioeconomic status (SES), using the proxy of Title I school status, among adolescent student-athletes and calculated multivariate base rates. There were 753 participants assigned to groups based on race (White: <i>n</i> = 430, 59.8%; Black: <i>n</i> = 289, 40.2%) and SES. Black student-athletes obtained more low neurocognitive test scores, which was associated with lower SES. The current study offers a resource to clinicians involved in concussion management who may wish to consider race and SES when interpreting ImPACT test performances.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":"47 3","pages":"125-135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39898787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mirroring Communicative Actions: Contextual Modulation of Mu Rhythm Desynchronization in Response to the 'Back-Of-Hand' Action in 9-Month-Old Infants.","authors":"Sriranjani Karthik, Eugenio Parise, Ulf Liszkowski","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2022.2055033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2022.2055033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study measured mu rhythm desynchronization (MRD), while nine-month-old infants observed an agent extend her arm and hand, palm up ('back-of-hand action') either in social (object and recipient present), individual (object present, recipient absent), or social object-absent (recipient present, object absent) situations across two experiments. In addition, infants' MRD was measured as they reached for objects. Results revealed significant mu desynchronization in the right centro-parietal region selectively for the social group, indicating that infants processed the back-of-hand action as an object-directed request. Findings suggest to extend the action reconstruction account to object-directed communicative actions as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"158-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40315099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}