{"title":"Transdiagnostic Predictors of Impaired Recognition of Facial Emotion Expression in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability.","authors":"Marina Jodra, Domingo García-Villamisar","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1914045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1914045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to evaluate the predictive capacity of executive dysfunction and social adaptation in performance in facial emotion recognition. The sample consisted of 31 adults with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The variables that maintain significant correlations with emotional perception were taken as independent variables. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of the facial stimuli perception in population with ASD. The results demonstrated a relationship between social maturity and emotional perception. Better scores in communication, socialization and daily life skills predict better performance in the perception of facial stimuli, both emotional and non-emotional.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1914045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38940765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samira Yazdani, Solmaz Soluki, Ali Akbar Arjmandnia, Jalil Fathabadi, Saeid Hassanzadeh, Vahid Nejati
{"title":"Spatial Ability in Children with Mathematics Learning Disorder (MLD) and Its Impact on Executive Functions.","authors":"Samira Yazdani, Solmaz Soluki, Ali Akbar Arjmandnia, Jalil Fathabadi, Saeid Hassanzadeh, Vahid Nejati","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1913165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1913165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mathematics Learning Disorder (MLD) has been found to be related to impairments in cognitive functions. Spatial ability (SA), which is made up of eight single but unified elements can be assumed to have a leading part in different areas of math skills. The first objective of this study was to explore differences in SA factors in 128 school children of third to sixth grade with and without MLD. The Flexibility of Closure, Closure Speed, Perceptual Speed, Visualization, Spatial Relation, Spatial Orientation, Spatial Temporal, and Wayfinding were measured through eight tasks. The second objective of the study was to explore the SA factors' ability to predict the performance of MLD participants in three executive functions. The results revealed that participants with MLD had poorer performance in all the SA tasks and it took longer to finish the visualization, spatial relation, and spatial orientation tasks compared to children with typical development (TD). Regression analysis indicated that some of the SA factors could predict working memory and cognitive flexibility, but they were unable to predict response inhibition. Regarding these results, applying SA factors in cognitive rehabilitation programs of children with MLD seems necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1913165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38909774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Factors in Emerging Adults:Symptomatic and Neuropsychological Correlates.","authors":"Jessica N Smith, Julie A Suhr","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1902528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1902528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined whether there are factors of SCT in nonclinical young adults and whether SCT factors show differential relationships with depression, anxiety, ADHD, and executive functioning as assessed by self-report (EF-SR) or neuropsychological performance (EF-NP). Factor analysis revealed Daydreaming/Bored (D/B), Lethargy (L), and Cognitive Complaints (CC) factors. CC was associated with anxiety and D/B with depression. CC and D/B were associated with inattentive ADHD, while D/B was associated with hyperactive/impulsive ADHD. While all factors were associated with EF-SR, there were few relationships with EF-NP. Higher CC was associated with lower intellect, and <i>higher</i> D/B was related to <i>better</i> working memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1902528","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25487849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Philip Schatz, Anastasia Frees, Clayton Bilke, Neve Brennan, Rj Elbin
{"title":"Compliance with State Concussion Legislation in Non-School-Affiliated Youth Sport Leagues.","authors":"Philip Schatz, Anastasia Frees, Clayton Bilke, Neve Brennan, Rj Elbin","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1924721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1924721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Youth league administrators (N = 172) documented knowledge of/compliance with state concussion legislation, and were assigned to groups based on whether their state concussion legislation extended to non-school-affiliated (NSA) youth sport leagues: EXTEND (50.6%) or NOT EXTEND (49.4%). Administrators within the EXTEND group were 2.7x more likely to report having a formal concussion policy. Only 90.7% confirmed a policy for removing concussed athletes from play, and 75% required independent medical clearance, and 82% mandated education for coaches, 49.1% for parents, and 35.9% for athletes. These results raise questions regarding compliance with state concussion legislation, especially for NSA youth sports leagues.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1924721","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38966982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valerie Siegwart, Leonie Steiner, Manuela Pastore-Wapp, Valentin Benzing, Janine Spitzhuttl, Mirko Schmidt, Claus Kiefer, Nedelina Slavova, Michael Grotzer, Claudia Roebers, Maja Steinlin, Kurt Leibundgut, Regula Everts
{"title":"The Working Memory Network and Its Association with Working Memory Performance in Survivors of non-CNS Childhood Cancer.","authors":"Valerie Siegwart, Leonie Steiner, Manuela Pastore-Wapp, Valentin Benzing, Janine Spitzhuttl, Mirko Schmidt, Claus Kiefer, Nedelina Slavova, Michael Grotzer, Claudia Roebers, Maja Steinlin, Kurt Leibundgut, Regula Everts","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1922410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1922410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Childhood cancer and its treatment puts survivors at risk of low working memory capacity. Working memory represents a core cognitive function, which is crucial in daily life and academic tasks. The aim of this functional MRI (fMRI) study was to examine the working memory network of survivors of childhood cancer without central nervous system (CNS) involvement and its relation to cognitive performance. Thirty survivors (aged 7-16 years, ≥ 1 year after cancer treatment) and 30 healthy controls performed a visuospatial working memory task during MRI, including a low- and a high-demand condition. Working memory performance was assessed using standardized tests outside the scanner. When cognitive demands increased, survivors performed worse than controls and showed evidence for slightly atypical working memory-related activation. The survivor group exhibited hyperactivation in the right-hemispheric superior parietal lobe (SPL) in the high- compared to the low-demand working memory condition, while maintaining their performance levels. Hyperactivation in the right SPL coincided with poorer working memory performance outside the scanner in survivors. <i>Even in survivors of childhood cancer without CNS involvement, we find neural markers pointing toward late effects in the cerebral working memory network.</i><b>Abbreviations</b>fMRI: Functional magnetic resonance imaging; CNS: Central nervous system; MNI: Montreal Neurological Institute; SES: Socioeconomic status; SPL: Superior parietal lobe.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1922410","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38966987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neural Basis of Scale Errors in Young Children.","authors":"Mikako Ishibashi, Yusuke Moriguchi","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1887871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1887871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we examined whether 2-and 3-year-old children exhibited activation in the dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal regions while engaging in a tool-based scale error task as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. Results revealed no significant differences in the prefrontal activation between children who produced scale errors and those who did not. However, we found significant activations of the prefrontal region during scale error sessions compared to free play sessions. Our results do not deny that the activation of prefrontal regions may, at least in part, be associated with children's scale error.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1887871","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25367328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory (CHEXI) Parent and Teacher Form: Factor Structure and Cognitive Correlates in Spanish-speaking Children from Argentina.","authors":"Marisel Gutierrez, Vanessa Arán Filippetti, Viviana Lemos","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1878175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1878175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aims of the present study were: (1) to explore the CHEXI factor structure parent (<i>n</i> = 183) and teacher (<i>n</i> = 206) forms in Spanish-speaking children aged 6 to 11 years, (2) to analyze the relationship between parent- and teacher-rated data and performance-based measures of EF (including working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility tasks) and academic achievement and (3) to examine the association between parents and teachers reports. Confirmatory Factor analysis (CFA) showed that the two-factor model including (1) Working memory and (2) Inhibition best fit the data. McDonald's Omega coefficient was adequate for both the total parents (ω = .98). and teachers' (ω = .98) scales. In addition, low and selective associations were found between performance and rater-based assessments. However, stronger associations were observed between CHEXI and academic performance with differences according to the informant (parents vs. teachers). Finally, low correlations were found between parents and teachers reports. Taken together, our results suggest that the CHEXI is a reliable measure to assess EF in Argentinean Spanish-speaking children, supporting existing evidence that proposes that ratings and performance-based measures would assess different underlying mental constructs. Clinical and educational implications for considering both perspectives during neuropsychological assessment, further including parent- and teacher-rated reports are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1878175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38848219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Puhr, E Ruud, V Anderson, B J Due-Tønnessen, A B Skarbø, A Finset, S Andersson
{"title":"Executive Function and Psychosocial Adjustment in Adolescent Survivors of Pediatric Brain Tumor.","authors":"A Puhr, E Ruud, V Anderson, B J Due-Tønnessen, A B Skarbø, A Finset, S Andersson","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1900191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1900191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescent survivors of pediatric brain tumor (PBT) are a sparsely studied subset of childhood cancer survivors. Sustaining a PBT may complicate the development of executive functions (EFs), which play a vital role in long-term psychosocial adjustment. In this study, 48 adolescent survivors and their parents completed questionnaires assessing EF, psychological symptoms, fatigue, and adaptive functioning, and 26 survivors underwent neuropsychological assessment. Survivors reported significantly more problems with adaptive functioning than a healthy control group, and this was most strongly associated to executive dysfunction, compared to psychological symptoms and fatigue. The findings have important implications for long-term follow-ups.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1900191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25531026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caitlin M Hudac, Megha Santhosh, Casey Celerian, Kyong-Mee Chung, Woohyun Jung, Sara Jane Webb
{"title":"The Role of Racial and Developmental Experience on Emotional Adaptive Coding in Autism Spectrum Disorder.","authors":"Caitlin M Hudac, Megha Santhosh, Casey Celerian, Kyong-Mee Chung, Woohyun Jung, Sara Jane Webb","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1900192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1900192","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sensitivity to emotional face aids in rapid detection and evaluation of others, such that by school-age, children and youth exhibit adult-like patterns when the prolonged viewing of an emotional face distorts the perception of a subsequent face. However, the developmental considerations of this phenomenon (known as emotional adaptive coding) are unclear given ongoing maturational and experiential changes, including the influence of own-race experiences or the lack of face expertise, as is evident in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study addressed whether emotional adaptive coding is sensitive to factors of face perception expertise, specifically self-race and developmental experience, in adults (age 19–28 years) and youth (age 10–16 years). Emotional adaptive coding was not influenced by race expertise (i.e., other versus same race identity) in White and Asian adults. Emotional adaptation coding during childhood and adolescence is consistent with adults, though youth with ASD exhibited stronger adaptor after-effects in response to other-race faces, relative to TD youth and adults. By extending prior work to examine the integration of race and emotional adaptive coding in ASD, we discovered that the strength of response in ASD is atypical when viewing other-race faces, which clarifies the role of racial and facial experience on emotional face adaption.","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1900192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25479110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cynthia Roukoz, Amanda Guerra, Didier Le Gall, Maria Ghazi, Arnaud Roy
{"title":"Development of executive functions in Lebanese children.","authors":"Cynthia Roukoz, Amanda Guerra, Didier Le Gall, Maria Ghazi, Arnaud Roy","doi":"10.1080/87565641.2021.1897592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1897592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study focused on adapting EF tests for children to the Arabic language and examine the developmental trajectories of a sample of school-aged Lebanese children in four domains of EF (inhibition, flexibility, working memory, and planning). It also focused on examining the effects of gender and parental education level on EF performance. The study population included 100 Lebanese children aged from 6 to 12-years old who were grouped and comparable for age, gender, and parental level of education. Results revealed a main effect of age and level of education of parents while the effect of gender was non-significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":50586,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/87565641.2021.1897592","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25442929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}