International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields最新文献

{"title":"A Triple RESURF Si/SiC HeteroJunction LDMOS and Its Analytical Model","authors":"Nan Wang,&nbsp;Xiarong Hu,&nbsp;Yonggen Xu,&nbsp;Tianci Li","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this paper, a Triple RESURF Si/SiC HeteroJunction LDMOS (TR-HJ-LDMOS) structure is proposed. The TR-HJ-LDMOS features a P-type layer buried deep into the drift region. Compared with Double RESURF (DR) and Single RESURF (SR) Si/SiC HeteroJunction LDMOS (HJ-LDMOS), the drift depletion effect is strengthened. As a result, the drift doping concentration is increased, and the specific on-resistance (<i>R</i>_s,on) is decreased. The simulation results show that the <i>R</i>_s,on of the 300 V-class TR-HJ-LDMOS is 20mΩ·cm², which is reduced by 28.6% and 50.0%, respectively, compared with DR-HJ-LDMOS and SR-HJ-LDMOS. Moreover, an analytical model for the electric field distributions of the Triple RESURF Si/SiC HeteroJunction LDMOS is proposed in this paper. The analytical expressions of the surface field and potential distributions are presented. The effect of the P-layer concentration, thickness, position, as well as the drain depth and drift thickness on the electric field distributions of the TR-HJ-LDMOS are discussed in detail. The proposed model can also be applied in the SR and DR HJ-LDMOS.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FDTD Simulation for Optimization of 3D Two-Layered Au Nanocone SERS Substrates","authors":"Songya Cui,&nbsp;Dongxue Han,&nbsp;Guang Chen,&nbsp;Yufeng Yu,&nbsp;Liang Peng","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful tool for molecular detection, with 3D-nanostructured substrates offering significant advantages in sensitivity enhancement and reproducibility. In this study, finite-difference time-domain methods were performed to optimize the design of 3D two-layered Au nanocone SERS substrates. The electric (E) field distribution and enhancement were systematically analyzed for different nanocone configurations, including variations in the number of nanocones per layer. The results demonstrate that these substrates significantly amplify the E-field intensity, primarily due to multiple plasmon coupling modes. Notably, the E-field strength is approximately 1.5 times higher than that of the single primary Au nanocones. Furthermore, the simulations reveal that E hot spots are predominantly localized at the tips of the nanocones, where the highest field intensities are observed. These findings provide valuable insights for the rational design of high-performance 3D SERS substrates and highlight the potential of two-layered Au nanocone arrays for advanced molecular sensing applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Threshold Voltage Model for Si-Based MOSFETs From Room to Cryogenic Temperatures","authors":"Yijie Zhang,&nbsp;XinYi Zhang,&nbsp;Guohe Zhang,&nbsp;Daofeng Zhang,&nbsp;Bo Li,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Jianhui Bu","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study analyses various factors that affect the threshold voltage of MOSFETs at deep cryogenic temperatures, including band-tail state, field-assisted ionization, and interface traps. Based on the analysis, a new model is developed for Si-based MOSFETs covering a wide temperature range from 10 to 300 K. The validity of the model is confirmed through experiments of bulk silicon MOSFETs, FDSOI MOSFETs, and n-FinFET.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach to Solve Nonlinear Higher Order Fractional Volterra–Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations Using Laplace Adomian Decomposition Method","authors":"Maha M. Hamood,&nbsp;Abdulrahman A. Sharif,&nbsp;Kirtiwant P. Ghadle","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research will integrate the Laplace transform method with the Adomian Decomposition Method to semi-analytically treat nonlinear integro-fractional differential equations of the Volterra–Fredholm–Hammerstein type. The higher-order fractional derivative will be expressed in the Caputo sense, and the first-order simple degenerate and the difference kernel will be used. With this approach, the inverse Laplace transform is applied, and the solution of the equation is viewed as the sum of an endless series of components that usually converge to the solution. Numerical applications frequently employ a shortened number of terms when a closed-form solution is not possible. Lastly, a diagram displaying the arrived at and discussed solutions was shown along with illustrative examples.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Affine Linear Solution of the Nonlinear Inverse Power Flow Problem in Resistive Networks","authors":"Martin Wachs,&nbsp;Miriam Primbs","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70026","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In the analysis of linear electrical networks, an inverse problem can be inferring all edge impedances only from known external voltage sources and measured resulting edge currents. Given all external edge voltages &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ext&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {boldsymbol{u}}_{mathrm{ext}} $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; and all resulting edge currents &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ boldsymbol{i} $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, we present a new calculation method for the edge resistances &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ boldsymbol{R} $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, with the assumption that the reactance is everywhere zero (e.g., a resistive network). Our considerations are based on affine subspaces and their intersection. We show, that in case of having a sequence of &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;≥&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ lge 3 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; measurements &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mfenced&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ext&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mfenced&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;…&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mfenced&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ext&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mfenced&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ left({boldsymbol{u}}_{{operatorname{ext}}_1},{boldsymbol{i}}_1right),dots, left({boldsymbol{u}}_{{operatorname{ext}}_l},{boldsymbol{i}}_lright) $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, we can calculate &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnm.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CNTFET Based Design of Optimized High Frequency VCII and Its Application as Mixed Mode Universal Filter Suitable for VHF Band","authors":"Smita Khole,&nbsp;Mousumi Bhanja,&nbsp;Mohammad Faseehuddin,&nbsp;Sadia Shireen,&nbsp;Worapong Tangsrirat","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this research, Carbon Nanotube Field-effect Transistors (CNTFETs) are employed in the design of a second-generation Voltage Conveyor (VCII), an analog block. The aim of this research is to study CNTFETs as an alternative to CMOS for designing high-frequency and low-voltage circuits. The complete design procedure for VCII and its two variants, namely, modified VCII (M-VCII) and VCII minus (VCII−) is presented. This work incorporates variations in the design variables of CNTFETs, including pitch, the number of tubes, and the diameter of carbon nanotubes (CNT). The study explores the impact of these variations on the critical performance parameters of the CNTFETs. The optimal values of the design variables for each transistor are calculated through extensive simulation analysis using the Verilog-A semi-empirical Stanford Virtual-Source Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor model. The CNTFET-based VCII and its variants are optimized and validated at the supply voltage of ±0.9 V. The CNTFET-based VCII exhibits improved voltage and current bandwidths of 1.4 and 1 THz, respectively. The input/output impedance and power dissipation also validate improvement compared to CMOS implementation. To verify the performance of the proposed VCII and its variants, they are used in the design of a mixed-mode universal filter (MMUF). The proposed filter is designed for a cut-off frequency of 79 MHz and consumes 7.368 mW of power. The effects of parameter variations and noise on the VCII design are also discussed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quasi-Vertical Diamond Schottky Barrier Diode With Sidewall-Enhanced n-Ga2O3/p-Diamond Junction Termination Extension","authors":"Chengwei Dong,&nbsp;Wang Lin,&nbsp;Tong Zhang,&nbsp;Xianyi Lv,&nbsp;Qiliang Wang,&nbsp;Liuan Li,&nbsp;Guangtian Zou","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the present study, a quasi-vertical diamond Schottky barrier diode (SBD) with a junction termination extension (JTE) structure is designed and simulated using Silvaco software. We firstly investigate the influences of spatial location and thickness of the n-Ga₂O₃/p-diamond PN junction on the electrical performances. Subsequently, the doping concentration and width of the JTE region are optimized to achieve the highest Baliga Figure of Merit (BFOM) value, with the underlying mechanisms governing the electrical characteristics systematically analyzed. Furthermore, we also propose a sidewall-enhanced JTE structure to improve the breakdown voltage without influencing the on-resistance and turn-on voltage. In addition, it is found that the etching depth of the mesa presents minimal influence on the diamond SBD. These findings are beneficial to realizing a high-performance quasi-vertical diamond SBD.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143690009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning Based Modeling of Electrical Characteristics in Triangular Gate FinFETs for Low Power Electronics","authors":"M. Hemalatha,&nbsp;N. B. Balamurugan,&nbsp;M. Suguna,&nbsp;N. Ayyanar","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Modeling and optimization of devices play a critical role in the management of product quality and the advancement of technology within the industrial sector. With the advent of novel devices and the progression of technology, these devices exhibit a multitude of interrelated factors and demonstrate a nonlinear correlation. Triangular Gate (TG) FinFETs technology has emerged as a possible alternative for addressing the limitations of traditional planar transistors in present integrated circuits (ICs). This paper presents an effective data-driven Multiobjective Optimization (MOO) with evolutionary computation (EC) techniques. By using these techniques, TG FinFETs enables the automated identification of optimal design that balances the transistor speed, power, and variability. To assist in the design of TG FinFETs, this study integrated two popular MOO techniques such as PAL and NSGA-III. These algorithms effectively handle the complicated trade-offs between diverse objectives and allow for efficient and effective TG FinFETs design optimization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Stable Numerical Method for Distributed Order Time-Fractional Diffusion Equations","authors":"Mojtaba Fardi,&nbsp;Babak Azarnavid","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This manuscript presents a stable numerical method for solving distributed-order time-fractional diffusion equations. The method utilizes a finite difference scheme for temporal discretization and a Gaussian Hilbert–Schmidt singular value decomposition (HS-SVD) approach for spatial discretization to ensure stability. This approach provides a set of reliable basis functions that reduce ill-conditioning and capture a subspace of the Hilbert space which is dependent on the given data, resulting in a well-conditioned system of linear equations. This is one of the main and important advantages of employing this approach. Numerical experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed approach, demonstrating its efficiency in terms of accuracy and convergence ratio.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigation of Low Frequency Magnetic Field Emitted by 10/0.4 kV Substation in the School","authors":"Maja Grbić,&nbsp;Aldo Canova,&nbsp;Luca Giaccone,&nbsp;Aleksandar Pavlović,&nbsp;Sergio Grasso","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article is related to mitigation of magnetic field emitted by a 10/0.4 kV substation located in a primary school in Belgrade, Serbia. During the first testing in the classroom located directly above the substation, the measured values of magnetic flux density significantly exceeded the reference level of 40 μT prescribed by Serbian legislation, and it was concluded that the field levels at the transformer rated load could exceed the reference level of 100 μT prescribed by European Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC. For that reason, the 0.4 kV busbars located near the ceiling of the substation were removed and replaced with cables that were placed on the floor of the substation. The testing was repeated and the measured values as well as the values at the rated load were lower than 40 μT. However, above the locations where the cables were connected to the transformer and to the 0.4 kV switchboard, the field levels were still higher than in the rest of the classroom. The focus of this article is to analyze different solutions based on passive shielding for the reduction of magnetic field in these two areas. Seven solutions based on conductive shields with different geometries are analyzed. The substation and the shields are modeled by using appropriate software tools to determine which shield is the most effective. In the case of Solution 7, the lowest field values were obtained. The highest value of magnetic flux density in this case was 6.95 μT at the transformer rated load.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnm.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}