International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields最新文献

{"title":"Transient Nonlinear Electrothermal Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis for HVDC Cable Joints","authors":"M. Greta Ruppert,&nbsp;Yvonne Späck-Leigsnering,&nbsp;Herbert De Gersem","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Efficient computation of sensitivities is a promising approach for efficiently designing and optimizing high voltage direct current cable joints. This paper presents the adjoint variable method for coupled nonlinear transient electrothermal problems as an efficient approach to compute sensitivities with respect to a large number of design parameters. The method is used to compute material sensitivities of a 320 kV high voltage direct current cable joint specimen. The results are validated against sensitivities obtained via the direct sensitivity method.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnm.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ML-Based Prediction of Dual-Channel Core Gate Junctionless FET Device Parameters Using XGBoost","authors":"Rittik Kushwaha,&nbsp;Abhishek Raj,&nbsp;Shashi Kant Sharma","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the application of machine learning technique especially the ensemble learning category algorithm, that is, ‘Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)’ for making predictions of the various characteristics of Dual Channel Core Gate Junctionless Field Effect Transistors (DCCG-JLFET). Using data generated from the Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulations, the machine learning model is trained to predict the behavior of Dual Channel Core Gate Junctionless Field Effect Transistors based on various physical parameters. The objective of the model is to reveal the relationships and establish relationships among various parameters including drain current (<i>I</i>_DS) and various short channel effects like subthreshold slope (<i>SS</i>), threshold voltage (<i>V</i>_th), ON current (<i>I</i>_ON) and OFF current (<i>I</i>_OFF). Comparative analysis reveals that the ML model achieves an accuracy of 98.7% for current voltage curve prediction. Also, scatter plots reveal MSE of 5.96 × 10⁻⁹ for <i>I</i>_DS, 6.98 × 10⁻⁸ for <i>V</i>_th, 3.24 × 10⁻⁹ for <i>I</i>_ON, 4.85 × 10⁻⁹ for <i>I</i>_OFF, and 9.84 × 10⁻⁸ for <i>SS</i> and RMSE of 7.72 × 10⁻⁵ for <i>I</i>_DS, 2.64 × 10⁻⁴ for <i>V</i>_th, 5.69 × 10⁻⁵ for <i>I</i>_ON, 6.96 × 10⁻⁵ for <i>I</i>_OFF, and 3.14 × 10⁻⁴ for <i>SS</i> and <i>R</i>²-score of 0.91 for <i>I</i>_DS, 0.99 for <i>V</i>_th, 0.96 for <i>I</i>_ON, 0.99 for <i>I</i>_OFF, and 0.97 for <i>SS</i> when compared to TCAD Simulations. This ML approach can be effectively applied in optimizing and designing semiconductor devices.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing an Axial Flux Halbach Array Magnetic Gear Torque Profile Using the Taguchi DOE Method","authors":"Ali Harooni,&nbsp;Mahdi Abolghasemi,&nbsp;Aghil Ghaheri,&nbsp;Ebrahim Afjei","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to the attractive advantages of magnetic gears resulting from contactless power transmission, these magnetic devices are replacing their mechanical counterparts. An axial flux magnetic gear with a gear ratio of 5.25 is investigated in this article. The high-speed rotor is utilized with Halbach array permanent magnets (PMs). The entity of distance between high-speed rotor (HSR) magnets reduces flux leakage and subsequently reduces torque ripple. To increase the maximum applicable torque and reduce the torque ripple on both sides, eight design parameters have been adopted and optimized using Taguchi method. The Taguchi method reveals each parameter's importance, rank, and influence on the proposed gear performance in terms of percentage by using the signal-to-noise ratios and analysis of variance, respectively. It is notable that this method decreases the required experiments, significantly. Low-speed rotor (LSR) maximum applicable torque, LSR, and HSR torque ripples have been studied as single objective optimization problems. Furthermore, multiobjective function is studied as well and optimum levels of control factors are derived. In addition, the participation percentage of each control factor is obtained. The obtained results by 3D finite element method (FEM) indicate the performance improvement of the optimized structure. Finally, rotors' stresses have been studied to ensure structural stability and its effect on the overall performance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION: An Optimal Hybrid Control Scheme to Achieve Power Quality Enhancement in Micro Grid Connected System","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 <b>RETRACTION:</b> <span>P. Rajesh</span>, <span>F. H. Shajin</span>, <span>B. Rajani</span>, and <span>D. Sharma</span>, “ <span>An Optimal Hybrid Control Scheme to Achieve Power Quality Enhancement in Micro Grid Connected System</span>,” <i>International Journal of Numerical Modelling</i> <span>35</span>, no. <span>6</span> (<span>2022</span>): e3019, https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.3019.\u0000 </p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The above article, published online on 06 May 2022 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Giovanni Crupi; and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd. The retraction has been agreed due to significant unattributed overlap between this article and a previously published article by different authors [1]. The authors disagree with the retraction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> References</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 [1] <span>J. Suresh</span> and <span>V. Ganesh</span>, <span>\"An IBSMF Optimization Technique used Distribution system with Renewable Energy Sources,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering</span> <span>623</span> (<span>2019</span>): 012013, https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/623/1/012013.\u0000 </p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnm.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CAAODT: Collaborated AOA and ASBO Optimization-Based Design Technique for Electrically Thick Circularly Polarized Rectangular Microstrip Antennas","authors":"Geetanjali Singla,&nbsp;Amandeep Kaur,&nbsp;Amit Mittal,&nbsp;Manjinder Singh,&nbsp;Varun Malik,&nbsp;Ruchi Mittal","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Circularly polarized antennas are crucial for wireless systems due to their effectiveness in avoiding fading and multi-path interference. However, existing design techniques lack flexibility for varying frequencies and are costly due to complex fabrication. To overcome those challenges, this paper intends to propose a new Collaborated AOA and ASBO optimization-based Design Technique (CAAODT)-based Circularly Polarized Rectangular Microstrip Antenna (MSA) design technique that improves performance and flexibility for these antennas. The optimization of design parameters such as radius, height, ground plane length, ground plane width, and thickness is achieved using a novel algorithm called the Collaborated AOA and ASBO optimization (CAAO). Here, AOA is called as Archimedes Optimization Algorithm. ASBO is called Average and Subtraction-Based Optimization. This tuning process considers constraints like Axial Ratio, gain, bandwidth, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), and return loss. The proposed optimal design model is validated against traditional methods based on gain, VSWR, return loss, bandwidth, and axial ratio across different frequencies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Sided Schmitt Trigger-Based 11T Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor—Based Static Random-Access Memory Cell for Modern IoT Embedded Devices at 32 nm Technology","authors":"Srinivasan Jayanthi,&nbsp;Periyasamy Raja","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Researchers are working to develop a static random-access memory (SRAM) cell that consumes less power, is highly stable, and operates at high speed. This paper proposes a new one–sided Schmitt-trigger based 11 transistor (ST11T) SRAM cell using carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFET) with the loop cutting transistor technique. The ST inverter, along with the read decoupled and loop cutting technique, leads to low power consumption, better stability, and low access times during its operation modes. Simulation results conducted using the Stanford university 32 nm CNTFET technology in the HSPICE simulator with <i>V</i>_DD = 0.9 V demonstrate that the proposed ST11T shows an improvement of 99.9% in hold power compared to CONV6T, DBB7T, and CONV8T designs. The proposed cell's topology achieves a remarkable 99.9% improvement in read power compared to all the cells analyzed in this study and demonstrates a significant 96.96% enhancement in write power efficiency when compared to the SPI11T design. Also, the WSNM/RSNM of the cell is witnessed to improve by 1.35X/1.58X times its CONV6T counterpart and hence improving its stability In the nanometer regime, variations in process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) significantly impact performance parameters such as power, stability, and delay. The proposed ST11T SRAM cell has been evaluated under PVT variations and compared with state-of-the-art SRAM cells used in this study. Results indicate that the proposed SRAM cell exhibits exceptional stability and reliability despite PVT fluctuations. These simulations confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the ST11T SRAM cell, positioning it as a highly suitable option for modern IoT embedded devices.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143827043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and Simulation of CMOS Schmitt Trigger Circuits Using a Multi-Objective Mayfly Optimization Algorithm","authors":"Ahmad Abuelrub,&nbsp;Fadi Nessir Zghoul,&nbsp;Haneen Alteehi,&nbsp;Bayan Bany Fawaz","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Schmitt Trigger Circuits (STCs) play a crucial role in digital and analog signal processing by providing noise immunity and stable switching behavior. However, optimizing STC performance for low-power, high-speed applications remains a challenging task. This study proposes a novel approach using the Multi-Objective Mayfly Optimization Algorithm (MOMA) to optimize key STC parameters, including power dissipation, propagation delay, and hysteresis voltage. The optimization process was conducted using MATLAB, whereas LTSpice was employed for circuit-level validation using 0.25 μm/2.5 V CMOS technology. To identify the best trade-off solutions, various weighting methods were applied, including Statistical Variance, Standard Deviation, CRITIC, and Mean methods, ensuring a balanced evaluation of circuit performance. Numerical results show that the optimized STC achieved a 23% reduction in propagation delay, a 38% decrease in power dissipation, and improved noise immunity while maintaining robust switching characteristics. These findings confirm the effectiveness of MOMA in designing low-power, high-performance STCs suitable for modern VLSI, biomedical, and IoT applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Single Event Transient in 28 Nm FDSOI MOSFETs Using a Neural Network Approach","authors":"Jiaxin Chen,&nbsp;Ting Xu,&nbsp;Xinyi Zhang,&nbsp;Bo Li,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Jianhui Bu","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It's hard to accurately consider various operating factors for the traditional single event transient (SET) SPICE modeling. This paper proposes a novel method based on a neural network. The proposed method can unify the intricate data correlations among drain voltage, linear energy transfer (LET), temperature, strike position, time, and drain transient current in a single model with high accuracy. Technology computer aided design (TCAD) simulation is used to get the original SET data for training. The genetic algorithm (GA) optimized back propagation (BP) neural network established herein has a root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 2.0042%. This optimized neural network is converted to the SET current SPICE model through the Verilog-A language, and its practicality has been verified through circuit simulation of a two-input NAND gate.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A High-Precision and Fast Modeling Method for Amplifiers","authors":"Jun Sun,&nbsp;Shaohua Zhou,&nbsp;Qian Lin","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To improve the modeling accuracy and speed of the ExtraTrees model, this paper proposes the CS-ExtraTrees model and verifies the effectiveness of the model based on the measured data of the designed microwave amplifier. The modeling results show that: compared with the Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, and ExtraTrees models, the CS-ExtraTrees model proposed in this paper can improve the modeling accuracy and speed by an order of magnitude. This shows that the CS algorithm has broad application prospects in the field of microwave/radio frequency (RF) devices and circuit modeling and optimization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Performance Analysis of Walrus Optimization Algorithm (WaOA)-Based Cascade Controller for Load Frequency Control of a Multi-Area Power System With Renewable Sources","authors":"Jahanzeab Hussain,&nbsp;Runmin Zou,&nbsp;Zhenlong Wu,&nbsp;Pawan Kumar Pathak,&nbsp;Samina Akhtar","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One of the key challenges in interconnected power systems is developing an effective control strategy to mitigate frequency and power deviations caused by the intermittency of renewable energy sources (RESs) and varying load demands. This research introduces an innovative cascade control strategy featuring a PPD controller followed by a PI controller (PPD-PI) for load frequency control (LFC) in a two-area power system with photovoltaic (PV), wind, and thermal reheat power sources. The walrus optimization algorithm (WaOA) is employed to fine-tune the parameters of both the PIDn and PPD-PI controllers, with the goal of minimizing the integral time absolute error (ITAE). The study first applies the WaOA-tuned PID with filter (PIDn) controller to showcase WaOA's effectiveness in LFC, achieving the lowest objective function value of 0.3862, surpassing MFO (0.3921) and GA (0.4127). The robustness of the WaOA-tuned PPD-PI controller is then evaluated under various conditions, including step load disturbances, random load patterns, and parameter uncertainties. The proposed controller achieves significant improvements, with a 36.8% reduction in ITAE compared to the second-best CGO-tuned PIDn-PI controller in Case 2, and a 54.45% reduction in ITAE compared to the second-best COA-tuned PDn-PI controller in Case 3. To further highlight the advantages of the proposed scheme, the analysis also includes nonlinearities such as governor dead band (GDB), boiler dynamics (BD), and generation rate constraints (GRC), along with sensitivity analysis and stability testing under a <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>±</mo>\u0000 <mn>25</mn>\u0000 <mo>%</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ pm 25% $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> change in system parameters. The results strongly demonstrate the superior performance of the WaOA-optimized PPD-PI controller over existing methods.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}