Zia Ullah Khan, Mati ur Rahman, Muhammad Arfan, Waseem, Salah Boulaaras
{"title":"The artificial neural network approach for the transmission of malicious codes in wireless sensor networks with Caputo derivative","authors":"Zia Ullah Khan, Mati ur Rahman, Muhammad Arfan, Waseem, Salah Boulaaras","doi":"10.1002/jnm.3256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.3256","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current manuscript investigates a six compartmental mathematical model for malicious Codes in Wireless Sensor Network is consider for investigation under the fractional operator of Caputo along with their numerical scheme. The six agent nodes of the network sensors are transferable like in infection with in their community of different nodes. With the help of fixed point theory the presentation of existence and uniqueness of solution of the said model are also given. The scheme of numerical solution under fractional format is developed with the choice of fractional orders which increasing the degree of freedom for such type of network analysis. The numerical simulation of all the six agents are given on different fractional orders along with sensitivity of the fractional orders and some used parameters. The new analysis artificial neural network (ANN) method has been utilized for the considered model and compared with Adams–Bashforth (AB) method. We divided the data set into three categories training, testing and validation with ANN method and the analysis is presented in this work.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141245947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Charumathi, N. B. Balamurugan, M. Suguna, D. Sriram Kumar
{"title":"Optimization and performance indication of surrounding gate tunnel field-effect transistors based on machine learning","authors":"V. Charumathi, N. B. Balamurugan, M. Suguna, D. Sriram Kumar","doi":"10.1002/jnm.3257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.3257","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Selecting designs that efficiently optimize multiple objectives simultaneously is an important problem in several distinct industries. Typically, there is not a single ideal design; rather, there are several Pareto-optimal designs that provide the best possible trade-offs between the objectives. However, evaluating every design might be expensive, making a thorough search for the whole Pareto optimum set impractical. The aforementioned issue with technology computer-aided design (TCAD) while investigating a multidimensional parameter set for device design is addressed using Pareto active learning (PAL) and the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGA-III) which are metaheuristics-based multiobjective optimization (MOO) techniques. NSGA-III adeptly analyzes the tradeoffs among multiple objectives while ensuring diversity in the design space. PAL forecasts the Pareto-optimal set with intelligence by deliberately sampling the design space. This work focusses on improving the performance of surrounding gate tunnel field-effect transistors (SGTFETs) by optimizing and assessing their complex designs in terms of multiple objectives, including power, energy, speed, and variability. This paper presents a novel MOO framework that incorporates machine learning (ML) approaches, including NSGA-III and PAL in SGTFETs technology. The framework provides effective global optimization without gradients, allowing for the automatic recognition of the best solutions. The outcomes show the possibility of ML-based MOO to create next-generation nanoscale transistors.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141245644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bakr Al Beattie, Jonas Röhrig, Ahmed Altin, Luis Gödde, Karlheinz Ochs
{"title":"Oscillator networks with N-shaped nonlinearities: Electrical modeling and wave digital emulation","authors":"Bakr Al Beattie, Jonas Röhrig, Ahmed Altin, Luis Gödde, Karlheinz Ochs","doi":"10.1002/jnm.3255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.3255","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper proposes contributions to the efficient wave digital (WD) modeling of large oscillator networks which are emerging as energy-efficient alternatives to traditional computers. The WD concept enables in-operando parameter tuning, real-time testing, and the associated algorithms are highly parallelizable. We present a general electrical model of N-shaped nonlinearities that are commonly found in nonlinear oscillators. Our model offers the flexibility to design the current–voltage characteristic based on specific requirements. We show how this model can be used to derive efficient and explicit WD algorithms for nonlinear oscillators. Furthermore, we propose the use of lossless transmission lines between the oscillators and the coupling network to obtain an ideal circuit for an oscillator network that can function as an Ising machine and be efficiently and exactly evaluated in the WD domain. The proposed algorithms are compared against the classical method involving iterative techniques, and their capabilities are evaluated through the emulation of a single FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillator as well as an Ising machine involving transmission lines. In the latter case, we show that, for large networks, the proposed methods decrease the runtime by up to 75% compared to using iterative techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnm.3255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141182172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fourth-order inverse filter configuration using current differencing buffered amplifier","authors":"Mourina Ghosh, Pulak Mondal, Santosh Kumar","doi":"10.1002/jnm.3243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.3243","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article presents three different higher-order inverse filter (IF) configurations using current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA) as an active component and a few passive elements. The topology can be used to synthesize fourth-order inverse low pass filter (FO-ILPF), inverse band pass filter (FO-IBPF), and inverse all-pass filter (FO-IAPF) using suitable admittance combinations. PSPICE simulations verify the functionality of the proposed IFs with the CMOS-based CDBA using 180 nm technology. The theoretical analysis and simulated results are also carried out, which shows that they are in close agreement. The passive sensitivity analysis, non-ideality analysis, Monte Carlo simulation, temperature analysis, percentage of total harmonic distortion (%THD), and noise analysis of the proposed filters are also performed. The proposed design has also been implemented using the current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) as IC AD844AN to verify the functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141156496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaurav Bhargava, Hemant Kumari, Valeria Vadalà, Shubhankar Majumdar, Giovanni Crupi
{"title":"Physics-informed neural network assisted automated design of power amplifier by user defined specifications","authors":"Gaurav Bhargava, Hemant Kumari, Valeria Vadalà, Shubhankar Majumdar, Giovanni Crupi","doi":"10.1002/jnm.3246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.3246","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article presents a model that can automatically produce a power amplifier's (PA) design parameters, that is, transmission lines (TLs) dimension, from a dataset of user-specified design goals like gain, efficiency, linearity, and scattering (<i>S</i>-) parameters. Based on the applied boundary conditions, a synthetic dataset is generated with the best range of design parameters (<i>W</i> and <i>L</i>). This dataset is utilized for training the physics-informed neural network (PINN) model with user-specified design goals as input and design parameters as target to produce the optimum value of <i>W</i> and <i>L</i> as the resultant output. Furthermore, utilizing the obtained dimensions, design, simulation, fabrication, and measurement of a PA are performed to validate our proposed model. The results of large signal measurements of PA are drain efficiency (DE) of 26.9%, power added efficiency (PAE) of 24.7%, output power (<i>P</i><sub>out</sub>) of 30.98 dBm at an input power <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mfenced>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>P</mi>\u0000 <mtext>in</mtext>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mfenced>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ left({P}_{in}right) $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> of 19 dBm, and gain of 12.41 dB at an operating frequency of 1.625 GHz. It has been observed that the design parameters produced by the model have a significant agreement with the validated output. Also, the statistical error analysis is done by calculating the error metrics between the validated output and the actual output of the PA design.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141078944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New approximation method for high order impedance boundary condition with surface integral equations for the scattering problem","authors":"Christian Daveau, Soumaya Oueslati, Molka Kacem","doi":"10.1002/jnm.3239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.3239","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, we propose a new method to approximate operators resulted from solving the scattering Problem in electromagnetism by dielectrically coated conducting bodies, using integral equations and high order impedance boundary condition. We introduce the variational Problem and we prove its well-posedness. After discretization, we find that operators arising from the high-order impedance boundary conditions are not well-defined. We present the new theoretical approach and highlight its potential through numerical experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jnm.3239","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140953066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Miniaturized IPD band pass filter with low insertion loss based on modified T-section for 5G applications","authors":"Qi Zhang, Yazi Cao, Gaofeng Wang","doi":"10.1002/jnm.3248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.3248","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A miniaturized bandpass filter (BPF) with low insertion loss based on a modified T-section and a grounded transmission-zero resonator is proposed. The novel T-section consists of two resonators, which can achieve the bandpass performance with two transmission zeros (TZs) in the upper band. The grounded transmission-zero resonator can generate an extra transmission zero in the lower band. Therefore, high frequency selectivity can be achieved by the above three transmission zeros near the passband. The proposed BPF can achieve an insertion loss of 0.8 dB and a return loss of 22 dB covering 3.3–4.2 GHz, and the upper-stopband attenuation is better than 20 dB up to 12.5 GHz (3.3<i>f</i><sub>0</sub>). The proposed BPF with a miniaturized size of 1.2 mm × 0.5 mm × 0.3 mm have been fabricated using Si-based integrated passive devices (IPDs) technology and measured by on-wafer probing. The simulated and measured results of the proposed BPF are in reasonably good agreement.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140949252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jayjit Mukherjee, Amit Malik, Seema Vinayak, Vikram Kumar, D. S. Rawal, R. S. Dhaka
{"title":"Transient analysis of growth/decay in materials utilizing a digital exponential peeling method","authors":"Jayjit Mukherjee, Amit Malik, Seema Vinayak, Vikram Kumar, D. S. Rawal, R. S. Dhaka","doi":"10.1002/jnm.3245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.3245","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An algorithm is proposed to implement digital peeling to determine dominant time constants of an exponential transient process. The method is simpler to implement and reduces computational time to a large extent in comparison to other techniques widely used. Apart from a synthetic test function, the algorithm has been implemented on reported experimental transient decay curves of Cs<sub>2</sub>HfCl<sub>6</sub> (CHC) single crystal scintillation to verify its efficacy. Finally, drain current detrapping transients of unpassivated AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are analyzed to determine the trap energy levels and concentrations. The validation of this digital peeling technique is also carried out by comparing with conventional method of time constant extraction from HEMT current transients. The extracted exponentials from the transient data efficiently fits well with the experimental data and can be extensively used for transient analysis. The digital peeling technique has wide applicability and can be used to analyze all exponential processes which occur in all domains of science.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140902725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An open-set method for automatic recognition of low probability of intercept radar waveforms based on reciprocity points learning","authors":"Zhilin Liu, Jindong Wang, Qidong Ge, Bo Yang, Yinlong Li, Hengwei Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jnm.3241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.3241","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Deep learning-based methods for Low Probability of Intercept radar waveform recognition typically assume that the signal to be recognized belongs to a known and finite set of classes. However, in practical scenarios, the electromagnetic signal environment is open and there may be a large number of unknown signals, making such methods difficult to apply. To address this issue, a novel open-set recognition method based on reciprocal points is proposed. This approach uses a neural network to extract a high-dimensional time-frequency feature map of the signal, and measures the difference between the known and unknown signals by computing the distance between the feature vector and the reciprocal points. This allows the model to correctly identify known class signals while simultaneously detecting unknown signals. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves open-set recognition of Low Probibability of Intercept radar signals. On test signals with signal-to-noise ratios ranging from 6 dB to 15 dB, the model achieves nearly 100% accuracy in identifying known class signals and more than 90% accuracy in detecting unknown signals.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Common-mode current reduction in EMP coupling with the star-quad cable having a reference conductor","authors":"Anmol Abbas Lodhi, Yu Zhu, Oussama Gassab","doi":"10.1002/jnm.3238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jnm.3238","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The coupling of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) with the star-quad cable having reference conductor is analyzed by using the proposed model, which is based upon multi-conductor transmission line theory. Expressions for common-mode (CM) and differential-mode (DM) currents are developed. Two cases are mainly discussed: the first case is the star-quad cable with a central reference conductor, and the second case with the outside reference conductor. A rigorous comparison between these two cases shows that when the reference conductor is placed at the center, the magnitude of CM current is reduced dramatically, which is beneficial for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The CM current magnitude of the outside reference conductor is relatively very high due to the large CM current loop area, which is the least possible for the central reference conductor. There is no significant change in the DM current magnitude for both cases because the DM current has no direct dependence on the CM current loop area. A commercial software, FEKO, which utilizes the method of momentum (MoM), is used to compare the results of our proposed method, which are in good agreement.</p>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}