Journal of Cytology最新文献

{"title":"Plasma Cells Out for a Swim! A Study on Myelomatous Involvement of Effusion Fluid and Cerebrospinal Fluid: A 10-Year Experience from a Tertiary Cancer Center.","authors":"Sayantan De, Satarupa Samanta, Majal Shah","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_87_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_87_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple myeloma (MM), a hematological malignancy marked by clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, occasionally presents with myelomatous effusion-a rare condition with a median survival of <4 months. Central nervous system involvement (CNS-MM), characterized by plasma cell infiltration in the CNS, leptomeninges, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), is similarly rare and associated with dismal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To analyze the plasma cell involvement in body fluids and CSF in plasma cell neoplasms, correlating these findings with treatment strategies and patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted in the Oncopathology Department of a tertiary state cancer institute over 10 years (2013-July 2024). It included cases of plasma cell neoplasms with confirmed involvement of body cavity fluids or CSF. Data reviewed included epidemiological profiles, biochemical and hematological findings, immunohistochemistry results, treatment regimens, and follow-up information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16 cases demonstrated neoplastic plasma cell involvement: 12 cases in pleural fluid and 4 cases in CSF. Of these, nine cases were diagnosed with MM, five cases with plasmacytoma, and two cases with plasma cell leukemia. Treatment included chemotherapy (10 patients), palliative radiotherapy (4 patients), combined palliative radiotherapy and chemotherapy (1 patient), and curative radiotherapy with chemotherapy (1 patient). Despite these interventions, the mean survival was only 2 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Myelomatous involvement of effusion fluids and CSF is associated with a grim prognosis. These findings underscore the urgent need for multidisciplinary research and the development of innovative therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 1","pages":"48-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of ProExC and p16ink4a Biological Markers in Lesional Smears With the Immunocytochemical Method and Relationship With Human Papillomavirus in Liquid-based Cervicovaginal Specimens.","authors":"Zeynep Turkmen Usta, Zeynep Sagnak Yilmaz, Safak Ersoz, Sevdegul Aydin Mungan, Umit Cobanoglu, Suleyman Guven","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_57_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_57_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigated the determination of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in smears with and without lesions, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the ProExC and p16 biomarkers in smears with lesions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 192 cervicovaginal smears were included in the study. ProExC (BD) and p16ink4a antibodies were applied to the lesion-containing samples by immunocytochemical method. If HPV was present, its type was determined. Patient biopsy specimens were used as a gold standard to confirm the lesion type. In addition, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL), atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade SIL (HSIL), and HSIL, atypical glandular cells, and the relationship between two biomarkers in cases diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of these, 192 cases included in our study, 119 had lesional smears and 73 had no lesional cells. Of the 191 cases in which HPV was investigated, 105 were negative and 86 were positive for HPV types 16, 18, and others. A statistically significant difference was found between HPV positivity and smears with lesions (<i>P</i> = 0.0001). p16 and ProExC positivity was extensive in cases with more severe lesions. A strong correlation was observed between high-risk HPV (+) and HSIL-detected cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ProExC and p16 are biomarkers that facilitate the diagnosis of HSIL. Nuclear staining for the ProExC marker is easier to apply to cytological samples than p16.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 1","pages":"20-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cystic Neutrophilic Granulomatous Mastitis: A Cytological Evaluation.","authors":"Aatish Saraswat, Vikram Singh, Chinmay Shrikrishna Pendharkar, Somasundaram Venkatesan","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_47_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_47_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 1","pages":"54-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FNAC Diagnosis Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma of the Orbit Masquerading as Malignancy.","authors":"Subhashini Ramamoorthi, Vidya Vikasini Balasubramaniam, Disha Agarwal, Nirupama Kasturi, Debasis Gochhait","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_167_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_167_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 1","pages":"57-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Second Edition of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology: System Application, Outcome, and Cytohistological Correlation.","authors":"Magdalena Onyszczuk, Bogna Drozdzowska","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_24_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_24_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology for salivary gland lesions is sensitive and specific for diagnosing and treating salivary gland pathologies. The objective of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) is to organize the diagnostic information from the FNA into a uniform reporting terminology.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The study was conducted retrospectively to reclassify previous diagnoses into the MSRSGC categories to determine the cytohistological concordance and assess the risk stratification by calculating the risk of malignancy (ROM) for different categories.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 248 FNA cases of salivary gland lesions were analyzed and reclassified according to the second edition of the MSRSGC. The histological diagnosis was considered the gold standard. The ROM for each category was calculated based on 101 histopathologic follow-up cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 248 patients, 1.2% were classified as nondiagnostic, 37.9% as nonneoplastic, 1.2% as atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), 52.8% as benign neoplasm, 0.4% as uncertain malignant potential (SUMP), 0.4% as suspicious of malignancy (SFM), and 6.1% as malignant neoplasm. Histopathological correlation was available in 101 cases. The ROM was 0% for nonneoplastic lesions and benign neoplasms, and 100% for AUS, SUMP, SFM, and malignant categories. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of FNA cytology in diagnosing salivary gland lesions using MSRSGC were found to be 76.5%, 100%, 100%, and 95.3%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of the MSRSGC helps in triaging patients with salivary gland lesions, increases the effectiveness of communication between clinicians and pathologists, and thus facilitates individualized patient management.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of High-risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Cervical Smear Samples and Evaluation of ASC-US, LSIL, and HSIL Results.","authors":"Eylul Beren Tanik, Ayfer Bakir, Tugba Taskin Turkmenoglu, Gul Erdem","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_70_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_70_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is the most common viral pathogen responsible for cervical cancers. Determining the rates of HPV positivity, genotypic distribution, and obtaining regional epidemiological data can provide guidance for preventive strategies.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to assess HPV positivity rates, age distribution, genotyping in abnormal cytologies, and then obtain regional epidemiological data.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>Descriptive study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study included 3510 women aged ≥18, whose cervical smear samples were examined at the Microbiology Laboratory. HPV detection and genotyping in cervical smear samples were performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Pap smears were evaluated according to the Bethesda system.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>SPSS 23 (IBM Corp.) software was utilized for the statistical analysis of the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The positivity rate for hrHPV infection was 10%. The most common genotype was other hrHPV. The rate of multiple hrHPV positive infections was 13.6%. The highest hrHPV positivity was observed in the age group ranging from 18 to 24 age group (28.7%). HPV infections were higher in abnormal cytologies (<i>P</i> < 0.001), with the highest positivity in LSIL (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The risk of having LSIL and HSIL cytology in HPV-positive individuals was 32.59 times higher than that in HPV-negative individuals (OR = 32.59; 95% CI 16.42-64.66).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The hrHPV positivity was 10%, with other hrHPV strain infections being the most detected, followed by HPV 16. Due to the high detection of other hrHPV strain positivity in patients with abnormal cytology, conducting regional studies determining each hrHPV type separately, monitoring the natural course of infection with types other than HPV 16 and HPV 18, and benefiting vaccine studies are considered essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 1","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Fine-Needle Aspiration of Lymph Nodes and Assessment of Risk of Malignancy Based on the Sydney System of Reporting Lymph Node Cytology.","authors":"Shreshtha Ghosh, Priyadarshini Guha, Shweta Verma, Neelima Gupta, Jitendra Kumar Vimal, Pallavi Prasad, Gitika Pant","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_20_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_20_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) being the first-line of technique is considered the most popular method for diagnosing lymphadenopathy. Diagnosis of a lymph node lesion is challenging due to the vast diversity in lymph node cytology. There has been a lack of standard guidelines for cytopathological reporting of lymph nodes. Sydney System has been recently proposed to provide consensus guidelines for the classification and reporting of lymph node FNAC and to maintain uniformity in reporting.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study aimed to analyze the utility of the proposed Sydney System.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively studied lymph node FNAC cases which were retrieved from hospital records with relevant clinical and radiological details along with the histopathological follow-up to assess the risk of malignancy in each category.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1572 cases from lymph nodes were reclassified according to the Sydney System. The most common site was cervical lymph nodes followed by intrabdominal, mediastinal, inguinal, and axillary. The risk of malignancy was found to be highest for category V (93.5%) and least for category II (13.7%) followed by category IV (66.6%), category III (33.3%), and category I (25%). The diagnostic accuracy of our study was 90.1%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed Sydney System is helpful in the systematization and standardization of lymph node FNA diagnosis and reporting. It provides increased efficacy in clinical management with enhanced communication between clinicians and cytopathologists. Moreover, clinical practice would also benefit from management recommendations specific to diagnostic categories with increasing risk of malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 1","pages":"11-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory Study on Micronuclei and Metanuclear Abnormalities in Exfoliated Buccal Cells of COVID-19 Suspected Patients","authors":"B. Vishnu, Senthil Murugan, V. Kalidoss, Kishore Sesham, Sarah Ramamurthy, S. S. Bakshi, Yuvaraj M. Francis, Sankaran Ponnusamy Kasirajan","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_53_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joc.joc_53_23","url":null,"abstract":"SARS-CoV-2 virus causes COVID-19 by infecting nasal and oral cavities primarily by attaching its spike proteins to ACE 2 receptors expressed in epithelial cells. This study was done to evaluate the micronucleated cell count, metanuclear abnormalities, and genotoxic factor in exfoliated buccal mucosal cell among the COVID-19 suspected patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted at AIIMS, Mangalagiri, between August and October 2022. One hundred COVID-19 suspected patients were recruited for this study after obtaining informed and written consent; buccal smear was obtained and stained for papanicolaou test (PAP). The PAP-stained slides were analyzed for micronuclei (MN), pyknotic, karyolytic, and karyorrhexic cell count, respectively. Based on their reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) report, the patients were grouped into COVID-19 positive and negative groups. The genotoxicity factor was calculated using the micronucleated cell count from both the groups using mean and standard deviation. The MN, micronucleated cell, pyknotic, karyolitic, and karyorrhexic cell count in COVID-19 positive patients were 24.12, 15.24, 3.08, 2.88 and 4.40, respectively, than COVID-19 negative patients 5.69, 8.17, 1.08, 1.00 and 2.43, respectively. The genotoxicity factor for SARS-CoV-2 was 2.68 which is a positive genotoxic effect on buccal mucosal cells. SARS-CoV-2 increases the expression of micronucleated cells, pyknotic cells, karyolytic cells, and karyorhexic cells and concludes SARS-CoV-2 is having cytogenotoxic effect on the buccal mucosal cells. This can be used as a reliable marker in identifying the early carcinogenic effects of virus causing COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139149808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytomorphologic Features of Orbital Myeloid Sarcoma – A Rare Case and Diagnostic Clue","authors":"Niraj Prasad, Ummiti Muniswari, Pritinanda Mishra, Pradeep Pradhan, M. Sethy, Chinmayee Panigrahi, P. Ayyanar","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_65_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joc.joc_65_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"54 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139150307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of Imprint Cytology for the Rapid Diagnosis of Mucormycosis in the COVID-19 Pandemic Setting – A Pilot Study","authors":"Varna Menon, Ahmed Al Salami, Maryam Al Balushi, Faisal Israr, Noora Al Balushi, Sheikha Al Anboori","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_81_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joc.joc_81_22","url":null,"abstract":"The second wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic recorded a surge in rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) infection in COVID-19-positive patients with diabetes and on concomitant steroid therapy. The rapidly progressive and devastating nature of the disease necessitated prompt diagnosis and early intervention to improve patient outcomes. Histopathology and fungal culture remain essential tools; however, these investigations have long and variable turn-around times (TATs) and may delay the initiation of treatment. Frozen section is not widely available and should be avoided in COVID-19-positive cases due to the risk of aerosol production and droplet exposure. In cases with high clinicoradiologic suspicion for mucormycosis, imprint cytologic evaluation provides a rapid diagnosis. Familiarity with fungal cytomorphology, awareness of morphologic pitfalls, and implementation of a standardized reporting format aid in diagnostic accuracy. Eighteen COVID-19-positive patients, who were admitted to our hospital with clinical suspicion of mucormycosis during June and July 2021, were included in the study. We used nasal or oral imprint cytology for the initial, rapid detection of Mucor. Cytology findings were correlated with histopathology and fungal culture results. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 100%, 100%, 100% and 100%, respectively. This study showed that imprint cytology can be a rapid, cost-effective, first-line diagnostic modality in Mucor diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139149931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}