Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling Key Factors in Determining Biodegradable Mulching Film Adoption Through Evolutionary Game Analysis.","authors":"Wanying Lin, Xi Mo, Luca Nizzetto, Xuan Shi, Yuan Chen, Jinhui Li, Yan Lin","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04244-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04244-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyethylene mulching films (PEM) are widely used in agriculture to improve water-use efficiency, regulate soil temperature, and enhance crop yields, but their poor degradability leads to persistent soil residues and high recovery costs. Biodegradable mulching films (BDM) offer a promising alternative by mitigating long-term plastic pollution, yet their adoption remains limited due to higher costs and uncertain field performance. To explore the key drivers of farmers' decisions, we developed an evolutionary game-theoretic model coupled with system dynamics to simulate farmer-government interactions under varying economic and agronomic conditions. Results indicate that farmers prefer PEM under current parameters, but several tipping points can shift this equilibrium. BDM adoption becomes favorable when the price gap with PEM narrows to ~ USD 210/ha, when crop revenues exceed USD 4400/ha, when yield losses from PEM residues reach 50%, or when BDM provides a 3-4% yield advantage. Promoting BDM in high-value crops and regions heavily affected by mulch residues is particularly promising. Policy measures that impose levies on PEM and enhance BDM durability and yield performance can substantially accelerate adoption, providing actionable insights for reducing agricultural plastic pollution while sustaining farm productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148443696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Air Pollution in Hai Phong City (Vietnam) Using Lichens as Biomonitors.","authors":"Le Dai Nam, Nguyen Thi Minh Sang, Inga Zinicovscaia, Le Hong Khiem, Nguyen An Son, Nikita Yushin, Omari Chaligava","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04301-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04301-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lichens are widely used as bioindicators of air pollution. This study aims to evaluate the accumulation of potentially toxic elements in lichens Usnea articulata (L.) Hoffm to assess atmospheric pollution in Hai Phong city, Vietnam. The content of Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sr, V, Zn, and Hg in exposed and unexposed lichen samples was determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry and a direct mercury analyzer. Analysis data showed that mean content of all elements, except Hg and S, was higher in exposed lichens. High levels of Zn, Al, Mn, Fe, V, and Ni were found in samples exposed near industrial zones. The Relative Accumulation Factor revealed lichens enrichment in Al, Co, Mn, Fe, and V, as well as a depletion of Hg and S. Correlation and principal component analyses identified the predominant sources of elements deposition as industrial activity, coal combustion, and transport activity. Based on contamination factor values, the level of air pollution in Hai Phong can be classified as suspected with low ecological risk index values. Additionally, the assessment of exposure to potentially toxic elements through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact allowed determination of the hazard index values, which did not exceed unit at any exposure sites. For future research, long-term or multi-seasonal biomonitoring studies should be conducted in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148417727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organ-Specific Distribution and Morphological Characterization of Microplastics in Tor putitora (Golden Mahseer) from the Upper Ganga Basin, Uttarakhand, India.","authors":"Ganesh Chiranji, Syed Talia Mushtaq, Kishor Kunal, Tasaduq Hussain Shah","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04304-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04304-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants posing ecological and physiological threats to aquatic organisms. This study investigates the organ-specific distribution and morphological characteristics of MPs in Tor putitora (Golden Mahseer) collected from Bhimtal Lake, Ladhiya River (Chalthi), and Pancheshwar (confluence of the Kali and Saryu rivers) in Uttarakhand, India, from November 2024 to April 2025. Thirty specimens from each site were analyzed for MP contamination in the gill, gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and muscle tissues using digestion with KOH and microscopic identification. Particle identification was based on visual and morphological criteria, and polymer confirmation by FTIR or Raman spectroscopy was not performed. Functional groups were categorized by morphology, color, and size. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) exhibited the highest MP abundance (mean ± SD = 5.53 ± 4.26 items/individual), followed by gills (3.50 ± 2.58) and muscle (0.08 ± 0.02). Fibers were the dominant morphology (49.6%), followed by fragments (27.9%) and pellets (22.5%). Black and blue particles accounted for over 74.4% of all MPs, while most particles (71.3%) were ≤ 500 µm. Significant variation ([Formula: see text]) among organs suggests that both respiratory and dietary exposure routes are involved. The predominance of fibers and small-sized MPs suggests possible influence from textile, domestic, and fishing-related activities. These findings highlight the need for organ-level assessments in comprehending the bioaccumulation of MPs in Himalayan freshwater fish.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148417791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combustion Sources Dominated Ammonia Concentrations During Severe Air Pollution Episodes During \"Two Sessions\" 2025 in Beijing.","authors":"Yifei Lu, Mengna Gu, Xingru Li, Shili Tian, Qian Sun, Yuepeng Pan","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04287-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04287-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study conducted online observations of atmospheric ammonia (NH₃) concentrations from 20 February to 5 March, 2025, during which the \"Two Sessions\" were held in Beijing and emission control measures were typically implemented in surrounding regions. An unexpected heavy pollution episode occurred during this period, with NH₃ concentrations reaching 59.7 ppb, significantly higher than those observed on clean days (17.8 ± 4.5 ppb). During the development of the pollution episode, NH₃ concentrations exhibited synchronous variations with PM_2.5, indicating that NH₃ played a crucial role in the formation of secondary inorganic aerosols. Additionally, NH₃ concentrations displayed a distinct morning peak, primarily attributed to temperature-driven natural emissions, traffic emissions during morning rush hour, and re-mixing of residual layers. NH₃ was significantly correlated with SO₂ and CO, suggesting contributions from fossil-fuel combustion. Furthermore, the overlap of concentration-weighted trajectory analysis and MODIS fire-point data indicated that biomass burning in south-eastern Beijing likely contributed additional NH₃ emissions. Overall, this study highlights the importance of reducing combustion-related NH₃ sources to mitigate heavy air pollution and improve air quality through cross-regional collaborative control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, Characterization, and Potential Ecological Risks of Microplastics in the Himalayan Riverine Systems.","authors":"Deepa Kumari, Ramendra Pati Pandey, Ankur Rajpal, H C Sudheeksha, Smriti Arora","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04298-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04298-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastic (MP) pollution is a prevalent environmental concern, omnipresent in soil, water, and air. The Indian Himalayan riverine systems are increasingly threatened by MP contamination, seeking dire attention. This study investigates not only the occurrence, abundance, and characterization of MPs in the rivers of Dehradun, focusing on two tributaries of the Ganges (Rispana and Bindal) and the Yamuna (Tons), but also on their temporal variation during pre- and post-monsoon seasons. A difference in the presence of MP pollutant in the upper Ganges (Rishikesh) versus its lower tributaries-Rispana and Bindal was observed, which was almost nil in the upper regions and detectable in the latter. Water chemistry, including physicochemical analysis and heavy metal analysis, along with Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus, was estimated and compared at each site. MP abundance ranged from 0.1 to 10.95 particles/L and was consistently higher in the pre-monsoon period. Colored MPs were dominant across sites (65.66%, 86.57%, and 91.72%), with fibers being predominant, followed by fragments and films. FTIR and Raman of MPs revealed primarily polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride. A glimpse of the presence of heavy metals and microorganisms on the MPs' surface (plastisphere) was depicted via light microscopy and SEM-EDS. Raman spectroscopy revealed MPs were laden with detergent, as hinted by pigmosol detection-a detergent component. Thus, MPs act as carriers for contaminants and microbial colonization, potentially altering the riverine ecosystem dynamics. Overall, the study underscores the ecological risks of MPs in Himalayan riverine systems and calls for targeted mitigation and management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic VOCs from Regional Forests Amplify Ozone Pollution in Shanghai Under Extreme Heat Stress Conditions.","authors":"Pei Liu, Yucong Miao","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04303-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04303-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Compound events of extreme heat and ozone (O₃) pollution pose severe risks to public health in megacities. Using ground-based observations and chemical transport model simulations, we identified distinct synoptic patterns associated with hot-polluted versus cool-clean conditions in Shanghai during the summers of 2022-2025. Hot-polluted days were characterized by higher heat index (HI ≥ 41 °C), elevated O₃ (MDA8 ≥ 160 µg m^- 3), and southwesterly winds at 925 hPa. While anthropogenic NOx levels were comparable, biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions from forests south of Shanghai increased significantly under high-temperature conditions. These BVOCs, transported by prevailing southwesterly winds, exacerbated O₃ formation downwind in Shanghai. Our findings highlight that regional biogenic emissions, amplified by extreme heat, are a critical driver of O₃ exceedances, complicating control strategies in the Yangtze River Delta.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Disparities in Air Pollution Control: A Comparative Analysis of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Fenwei Plain, China.","authors":"Zongshuang Wang, Zhizheng Liu, Jungang Lv","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04293-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04293-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>China has achieved significant progress in air pollution control over the past decade, yet regional disparities persist due to varying industrial structures, energy consumption patterns, and policy enforcement. This study examines air quality trends in four key regions-Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), Pearl River Delta (PRD), and Fenwei Plain (FWP)-from 2015 to 2023, focusing on particulate matter (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀), ozone (O₃), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). Using government monitoring data, emission inventories, and statistical modeling, we assess the effectiveness of national policies and identify persistent challenges. Results show that while PM_2.5 levels have declined significantly in BTH and YRD, O₃ pollution has worsened across all regions, particularly in FWP. The PRD has achieved the cleanest air, with PM_2.5 concentrations meeting EU standards. However, rising VOC emissions threaten further O₃ increases. We recommend region-specific emission controls, stricter industrial regulations, and enhanced inter-regional cooperation to sustain air quality improvements.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Sorption and High Desorption of Pretilachlor Metabolites Indicated Greater Mobility Potential than Parent Compound.","authors":"Vidhi Dhanda, Ravi Kumar, Jayant Sindhu, Deepika Bamal, Ajay Pal, Sachin Dhanda, Anil Duhan","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04297-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04297-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pretilachlor herbicide is extensively used in rice cultivation. In open environment, it degrades into different metabolites. Information on the environmental mobility of these metabolites is limited. This study aimed to assess the potential movement risks associated with two principal metabolites of pretilachlor. To achieve the objectives, the sorption-desorption behaviour and the thermodynamic properties of pretilachlor (P), metabolite 2',6'-diethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)aniline (M1) and 2-chloro-2',6'-diethylacetanilide (M2) were studied in different soils governing their mobility. Sorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model (R² > 0.98) across all the soils, while the equilibrium data fitted well to the Freundlich isotherm (R² > 0.99). The sorption capacity decreased in the order P > M1 > M2, with Freundlich adsorption coefficients (K_F-ads) ranging from 3.96 to 23.09 for P, 2.17-21.64 for M1 and 2.05-7.53 µg^1-1/n g^-1 mL^1/n for M2. Sorption correlated positively with soil organic matter (OM) content; however, appreciable retention was also observed in soils with low OM (0.32%) where sorption coefficients (K_D) ranged from 4.20 to 5.44 mL g^-1 for P, 1.56 to 3.22 mL g^-1 for M1 and 0.91 to 1.47 mL g^-1 for M2. It highlighted about the contribution of clay and mineral fractions in addition to OM. PCA revealed two principal components, with PC1 (87.8%) and PC2 (9.2%) explaining 97.0% of the total variance, with the highest variation contributed by OM, clay and CEC. The optimum temperature for sorption was found to be 30 °C, beyond which a decline was observed. Desorption was low for P and moderate to high for M1 and M2 across different soils with hysteresis index (H) ranging from 0.003 to 0.758, indicating the partial irreversibility of the process. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that sorption was endothermic (ΔH = 1.64-7.49 kJ mol^-1), spontaneous (ΔG = - 1.75 to - 7.90 kJ mol^-1), entropy driven (ΔS = 0.05-0.30 J mol^-1 K^-1) and primarily physical in nature. Overall, this study revealed that P exhibited moderate sorption, whereas M1 and M2 showed low sorption and high desorption than P, indicating their greater mobility potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing NOM Removal and Polymer Stability in PVC Microplastics: A Comparative Evaluation of H₂O₂ Digestion Protocols.","authors":"Sanaz Rezagholi, Saber Entezari, Hossein Ganjidoust, Yadollah Yamini","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04255-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04255-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) digestion is widely applied to remove natural organic matter (NOM) in microplastics (MPs) analysis. However, for sensitive polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), aggressive oxidation conditions may result in physical or chemical degradation. This study aims to evaluate nine H₂O₂ digestion protocols (25-70 °C, 6-48 h) to quantify the balance between the removal efficiency of NOM adsorbed on MP surfaces and PVC degradation. Using humic acid (HA) as a NOM proxy, we achieved 88.5% removal at 70 °C/48 h but observed significant PVC swelling (53.8% area increase). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed minimal chemical alteration (carbonyl index (CI), ≤ 0.081), though optical microscopy revealed temperature-dependent physical fragmentation. Crucially, we identify room temperature, 24 h as the optimal compromise, achieving approximately 61% NOM removal with ≤ 15% physical deformation. These findings help identify suitable conditions for PVC MP extraction in NOM-rich environments. This addresses a critical gap in MPs research.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment of Anionic Surfactants, an Underestimated Pollutant: A Case Study in Mexican Lotic Waters.","authors":"Eduardo Ruíz-Hernández, José Roberto Villagómez-Ibarra, Manuel Eduardo Martínez-López, César Abelardo González-Ramírez, Juan Carlos Gaytán-Oyarzun, René Velázquez-Jiménez, Araceli Guadalupe Chavez-Cruz, Alma Socorro Sobrino-Figueroa","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04282-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04282-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anionic surfactants are widely used in domestic and industrial products and are commonly discharged into aquatic environments due to inadequate wastewater treatment, particularly in developing countries. This study evaluated the ecological risk of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) in Mexican lotic systems using data from the National Water Quality Measurement Network collected between 2019 and 2024. Measured environmental concentrations were compared with a predicted no-effect concentration of 0.08723 mg/L derived from a species sensitivity distribution model and with a value established by the Mexican state for the protection of aquatic life: Freshwater, 0.1 mg/L. Ecological risk was characterized using risk quotients (RQs), which identified sites with unacceptable risk (RQs ≥ 1). Spatial analyses revealed persistent multi-year hotspots, suggesting semi-continuous discharges and limited contaminant removal. Key uncertainties include reliance on acute toxicity data, Interferences associated with the MBAS method, and limited information for native tropical species. These findings emphasize the need to strengthen wastewater treatment policies (in low and middle-income countries) and expand chronic toxicity assessments using native aquatic species.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}