Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Trace Element Concentrations in Macroalgae from a Coastal Lagoon in the Southeastern Gulf of California, Mexico.","authors":"César Paúl Ley-Quiñónez, Irvin Mauricio Armenta-Zavala, Luis Daniel García-Rodríguez, Alan A Zavala-Norzagaray, Renato Leal-Moreno, Karime A Valdez-Chávez, Hervey Rodríguez-González, Catherine E Hart, Manuel García-Ulloa","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04300-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04300-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macroalgae are valuable bioindicators of water quality because they can bioaccumulate trace elements (TEs) at high concentrations and respond sensitively to changes in environmental TE levels. Here, we quantified Zn, Cu, As, Cd, Hg, Se, and Pb in several macroalgal species from Navachiste lagoon (Gulf of California, Mexico). Overall, TE concentrations followed the order Zn > Cu > As > Cd > Hg, whereas Se and Pb were below the limit of detection. Among the elements analyzed, Hg was the only TE that differed significantly among macroalgal species (p < 0.05), with lower concentrations in Ulva lactuca than in Gracilaria parvispora and Sargassum sinicola. Because G. parvispora was collected year-round, it was used for seasonal comparisons; TE concentrations did not differ between rainy and dry seasons (p > 0.05). These results support the use of G. parvispora as a bioindicator of current TE contamination in Navachiste lagoon, Mexico.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigation of Cadmium and Arsenic Accumulation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Using Stage-Specific EDTA·Na₂Fe Applications ^z,2.","authors":"Shen Zheng, Chao Xu, Bo Li, Geng Sun, Jianwei Wang, Zhongyuan Wang, Hanhua Zhu, Quan Zhang, Qihong Zhu, Feng Liu, Daoyou Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04296-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04296-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) co-contamination in paddy soils may lead to their accumulation in rice grains, creating health concerns for humans. While iron (Fe) nutrition has emerged as a promising mitigation strategy, the impact of application timing is not well understood. This study evaluated the effects of chelated iron (EDTA·Na₂Fe) applications at two growth-stage combinations: pre-transplanting + booting and tillering + booting. Both treatments reduced Cd and As concentrations in rice grains; however, the tillering + booting treatment was the more effective, decreasing grain Cd and As levels by 53.2% and 60.7%, respectively. This reduction is linked to decreased Cd (9.6%-29.9%) and As (10.7%-15.3%) soil availability, and restricted translocation within the plant. The tillering + booting treatment specifically limited soil Cd bioavailability and root-to-grain Cd transport, and inhibited As transfer from iron plaques to roots and from vegetative tissues to grains. These findings demonstrate that stage-targeted application of EDTA·Na₂Fe, particularly during the tillering and booting stages, is an effective agronomic strategy for minimizing Cd and As accumulation in rice cultivated on co-contaminated soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic-Contaminated Karamana River Water Induced Oxidative Stress-Mediated Genotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster.","authors":"Ammu Ulakesan, Hunasanahally Puttaswamygowda Gurushankara","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04285-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04285-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as persistent pollutants of global environmental concern, posing cumulative risks to biological health. Their accumulation in nature warrants a study to assess potential toxic effects on organisms. This study investigated the toxicological effects of MP-contaminated water from the Karamana River on Drosophila melanogaster under controlled laboratory conditions. Flies were reared on culture media prepared from water samples collected from the river and were evaluated for life-history traits, oxidative stress, antioxidant response, cytotoxicity, and DNA damage. Delayed development, reduced fecundity, decreased midgut cell viability, accompanied by elevated lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels, demonstrate the induction of oxidative and nitrosative stress. In parallel, antioxidant defences, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and glutathione-S-transferase, were markedly depleted. Increased DNA damage in larval hemocytes signifies MP-induced oxidative stress-mediated genotoxicity. Collectively, these endpoints indicate that complex mixtures of MPs along with co-occurring pollutants in river water initiate a cascade of oxidative, cytotoxic, and genotoxic responses in Drosophila. Using D. melanogaster as a model organism, this study examines the health risks associated with real-world MP contamination and underscores the broader ecological implications of urban river pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadmium bioconcentration in an aquatic oligochaete Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri: a semistatic bioassay evaluation.","authors":"Pritam Paul, Samar Kumar Saha","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04286-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04286-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Direct uptake of an element from water by an aquatic organism and its retention, leading to a higher concentration than in its surrounding water, is an environmental concern known as bioconcentration. It occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it is eliminated by various metabolic processes, such as catabolism and excretion. A bioassay experiment was performed to determine the 96-hour LC₅₀ of cadmium chloride (CdCl₂), a heavy-metal salt. For experimentation, pre-acclimated Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri worms were divided into eleven treatment groups (T₁ through T₁₁) and a control group (C), each of 50 number of individuals and were exposed to 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.25, 2.5, 2.75 and 3.0 mg/L cadmium concentrations respectively for 96 h under semi-static condition in a closed-circuit flow-through system with complete renewal of water with the respective relevant cadmium concentration after 48 h. Post-exposure cadmium content per unit amount of tissue samples and of residual water samples was measured with atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Probit analysis revealed the 96-hour LC₅₀ value of cadmium against L. hoffmeisteri as 1.002 mg/L. The outcome of this study established a low BCF for the experimental species for cadmium, indicating a positive correlation between BCF and exposure concentration and demonstrating the inherent bioconcentration nature of cadmium in L. hoffmeisteri. A gradual declining trend in cadmium content of the whole body was observed at exposure to a cadmium concentration higher than 2.0 mg/L. Concurrent autotomy of the caudal part of the organism has also been observed at this exposure level. Cadmium content of the autotomized tail has been estimated significantly (P < 0.05) higher. It is concluded that autotomization is a defensive mechanism evolved by L. hoffmeisteri to reduce the body's heavy metal load and, hence, toxicity, thereby serving as an indicator species.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into the Bioaccumulation and Biotransformation of Triphenyl Phosphate (TPHP) and Tris(2-butoxyethyl) Phosphate (TBOEP) in Pelophylax nigromaculatus Tadpoles.","authors":"Xue Zhou, Zihan Su, Shuwei Yang, Can Wang, Jianghong Jian, Mingjing He","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04299-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04299-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are ubiquitous in various environmental matrices due to their extensive use as flame retardants and plasticizers in our daily life. Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP), two typical analogues of OPEs, pose risk to the environment, aquatic organisms and human health. In this study, Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles were selected for a 21-day exposure experiment to determine the bioaccumulation and metabolic pathways of these two substances. The logarithmic concentrations (Log C) of TBOEP in tadpoles exhibited an increase over time, while those of TPHP demonstrated a slightly declining trend. TPHP displayed higher bioconcentration factors compared to TBOEP. Differences in bioaccumulation may be attributed to biotransformation and species variability. There were four TPHP metabolites (TP-251, TP-343a, TP-343b, TP-357) and TBOEP metabolites (TB-415a, TB-415b, TB-429a, TB-429b) identified in tadpoles while three TPHP metabolites (TP-343a, TP-343b, TP-343c) and TBOEP metabolites (TB-299, TB-415a, TB-415b) in water. Among these, TB-415b exhibited the higher potential for bioaccumulation. It can be inferred that TPHP and TBOEP underwent hydrolysis (yielding TP-251 and TB-299), hydroxylation (producing TP-343a/b/c, TB-415a/b and TB-429a), and methylation reactions (generating TP-357 and TB-429b). This study provides significant insights into the bioaccumulation and biotransformation mechanisms of TPHP and TBOEP within amphibians.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accumulation and Risk Assessment of Microplastics in the Commercially Important Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) From Estuarine Sluice Gate Harvest Sites in Goa, India.","authors":"Sonal S Naik, Ankit Sinha, Samantha Fernandes, Avelyno D'Costa","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04294-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04294-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants with growing concerns about their accumulation and potential impacts on aquatic organisms. This study investigated the presence and impact of MPs in shrimp and water samples collected from three sluice gate harvest sites in Goa. MPs were found in the hepatopancreas of shrimp and water from all the sites, with St. Estevam site exhibiting the highest concentrations. Various shapes, sizes and polymers of MPs were identified with sizes ranging between 0.38 and 1168.18 μm. The CMPI highlighted minimum to average impacts. The PLI of all the sites fall under Category I indicating low hazard level. The BAF revealed low bioaccumulation (< 1). The EDI was calculated to be 0.74 ± 0.28 to 2.39 ± 0.92 particles/kg b.w/day. Although pollution indices showed low impact levels, these findings highlight the risk associated with consumption of MPs contaminated seafood.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Microbial Communities in Northern Ontario (Canada) Mine Reclamation Sites.","authors":"K K Nkongolo, P Beckett, K Klajman, R Narendrula-Kotha","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04289-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04289-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fully understanding long-term liming effects on microbial dynamics requires further extensive and site-specific research. The study's core objective was to track how the amount of viable microbial biomass (measured via PLFA) and function (measured via enzyme activity) evolve in reclaimed Northern Ontario sites over time, providing insights into the process of ecosystem recovery. Four sites were selected, encompassing both limed areas and adjacent unlimed control areas. Although all sites were monitored concurrently, the applications of limestones occurred at different times. Liming at the freshly treated Kelly Lake site caused a temporary, significant increase in microbial biomass during the first four years of monitoring. This initial surge was absent in samples from older limed areas (Wahnapitae, Hwy 17 bypass, and Sudbury Snow Dump sites) monitored 7-13 years post-treatment, which suggests the effects had plateaued. Despite this short-lived microbial response, the overall positive effects of liming such as improved soil chemistry (e.g., increased pH and increased calcium) and enhanced plant population health seems to persist long after the initial biomass increase, demonstrating lasting ecological benefits. Variations in liming effects on soil biota were linked to differences in treatment duration and site-specific environmental characteristics. Microbial biomass values showed a strong positive correlation with pH (r = 0.76) and a weak positive correlation with organic matter (OM) values (r = 0.35). Amplicon sequencing analysis revealed a significant increase in bacterial community richness, indicated by significantly higher Chao1 values in limed (4450) versus unlimed (3446) soil samples, while fungal communities showed no such changes. Enzyme activities remained stable over time in both unlimed and limed samples, with two key exceptions among the C-cycling enzymes: beta-glucosidase (BG) and cellobiohydrolase (CBH). The activities of these two enzymes increased significantly over time in the limed soils. A consistent significant increase was observed for arylsulfatase (AS), an enzyme involved in S-cycling.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Cultivated Soils and Rice Grains on the South Bank of Taihu Lake, China.","authors":"Yanping Shi, Yiping Chen, Jiajia Ren, Juntao Zhao, Dan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04283-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04283-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heavy metal pollution was surveyed in 2019 and 2021 in cultivated soils from suburban areas, industrial surroundings, and main agricultural lands on the south bank of Taihu Lake. Overall, based on the Chinese national soil environmental quality standard grade II criteria, 21.71, 6.98, 0.78, and 0.78% of suburban and industrial surrounding soils exceeded the standards for mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu), while those of main agricultural soils were 4.40, 4.98, 13.60, 5.41%, respectively. The comprehensive pollution indices of soils in the suburban and industrial surrounding area were 0.696 and 0.660, respectively. In contrast, the comprehensive pollution index was 0.648 in soils that were far from the point pollution sites (CK). For locally produced rice grains, the proportions of samples exceeding the Chinese National Food Safety and Health Criteria standards were 12.06% for Hg, 10.64% for Cd, and 17.73% for Zn. Overall, heavy metal pollution was more severe in soils within the suburban areas than the other areas. The survey in 2021 showed that the comprehensive pollution indices of soils in vegetable base, grain function area, modern agricultural park, long-term application of organic manure were 0.748, 0.685, 0.618 and 0.662, respectively. Therefore, suburban area was a priority for preventing and remediating heavy metal pollution, and vegetable bases were the key areas of heavy metal pollution in farmland.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk, and Human Health Implications of Heavy Metals in Urban Road Dust from Vadodara, Gujarat, India.","authors":"Bhrugu Hirenkumar Joshi, Hardik Giri Gosai, Manthan Tailor","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04284-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04284-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the distribution, contamination status, possible sources, and health risks of heavy metals in urban road dust from Vadodara, a rapidly developing industrial city in western India. Vadodara was selected due to its increasing traffic density, mixed land-use pattern, and growing industrial activities, which may contribute to metal accumulation in roadside environments. Road dust samples were analyzed for chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), and copper (Cu) using microwave-assisted digestion followed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mean concentrations of metals followed the order: Cr (32.87 mg/kg) > Mn (28.64 mg/kg) > Zn (7.78 mg/kg) > Ni (4.90 mg/kg) > Cu (3.85 mg/kg) > Pb (3.30 mg/kg) > Co (2.68 mg/kg) > Cd (0.40 mg/kg). Overall, metal levels were lower than those reported for highly industrialized cities, indicating moderate contamination in the study area. Contamination indices (CF, Igeo, and PLI) suggested generally low pollution, although Cd showed localized enrichment at specific high-traffic sites. Ecological risk assessment indicated low to moderate risk, mainly due to Cd. Human health risk assessment showed that ingestion is the main exposure pathway. Non-carcinogenic risk values (HI < 1) indicated no significant risk for both adults and children. However, carcinogenic risk values for children ranged from 1.59 × 10^-4 to 5.63 × 10^-4 at some locations, approaching or slightly exceeding recommended limits, mainly due to chromium and nickel. Source analysis indicated that traffic-related activities and resuspension of soil particles are the major contributors to metal accumulation. The findings highlight that, although overall contamination levels in Vadodara are not severe, localized hotspots and potential risks for children require attention. These results provide useful baseline data for urban environmental management and can support future monitoring and pollution control strategies in similar developing cities.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and Health Risk Assessment of Organic UV Filters in Freshwater Fish Species in Ibadan, Nigeria.","authors":"Akinranti S Ajibola, Daniel A Olabanji, Gloria A Otokpa","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04290-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04290-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organic ultraviolet filters (OUVFs) used as ingredients in sunscreens, personal care products (PCPs) and industrial products are persistent, bioaccumulative contaminants of growing concern. Information on the occurrence and health risk assessment of OUVFs in fish from freshwater environments in Nigeria is lacking. We investigated the occurrence and potential health risk of four OUVFs (benzophenone-3 (BP-3), 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), avobenzone (AVO) and ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC)) in six different fish species from Dandaru River and Eleyele Lake in Ibadan, Nigeria. A modified QuEChERS extraction, in combination with a dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) clean-up, was used and instrumental analysis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Human health risk was evaluated for three different age groups (adult, children and infant) using standard models and indices. The concentration levels of target OUVFs (35.07-44.68 ng/g for BP-3, 40.19-48.88 ng/g for 4-MBC and 31.79-45.29 ng/g for AVO) were quantified in the fish samples from both water bodies. Hazard index (HI) values of target OUVFs for the consumption of fish collected from Dandaru River and Eleyele Lake ranged from 0.058 to 0.669 and 0.056-0.867, respectively. The HI values obtained for all the investigated fish species were below safety thresholds for all age groups, suggesting non-carcinogenic risk was not evident. The findings emphasize the need for sufficient regulation of OUVFs usage in Nigeria and their discharge into the environment to avoid potential health risk to humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}