Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Microplastics as vectors for microbial transport: experimental interaction with Escherichia coli.","authors":"Luis Parmenio Suescún-Bolívar, Juan José Granada-Calderón, Wilkendry Ramos Cervantes, John Betancourt, Jesús E Diosa, Edgar Mosquera-Vargas","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04276-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04276-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics (MPs) are recognized as vectors for microorganisms in aquatic ecosystems, raising concerns about their environmental implications. We examine the structural and chemical properties of recycled PET microplastics and their interactions with Escherichia coli (E. coli) using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. FTIR analysis identified nine characteristic vibrational bands of PET, and Raman spectroscopy confirmed that neither glutaraldehyde treatment nor bacterial exposure produced significant chemical changes in the PET structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Gram staining revealed bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on microplastic surfaces. Additionally, E. coli colonies exhibited reduced lactose fermentation activity. These findings reinforce the role of MPs as microbial vectors and demonstrate the ability of E. coli to colonize synthetic polymers. The development of rapid spectroscopic tools could enhance monitoring efforts in both laboratory and field environments. This study contributes to the growing understanding of MPs-microorganism interactions, and a model system of MPs-microorganism interaction is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148262751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Fate and Transport in Surface Waters Near Eaker Air Force Base, Arkansas.","authors":"Sarah J Webb, Colin K Dobson, Karimot O Shobowale, Jennifer L Bouldin","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04279-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04279-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent synthetic fluorinated compounds commonly associated with aqueous film-forming foam used in fire-training at Air Force bases. Target perfluoroalkyl acids and sulfonates (PFAAs) were quantified in surface waters around Eaker Air Force Base (Arkansas, USA) using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1633, with a total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay (modified Method 537) applied at targeted sites. Spatially distributed grab samples characterized PFAS occurrence, followed by oxidation testing at one control site, one hotspot, and one downstream site to assess precursor presence. Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (≤ 69 ng/L) and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (≤ 54 ng/L) dominated downstream sites, while upstream reference sites showed trace detections (≤ 1.5 ng/L). TOP assay oxidation increased perfluoroalkyl acid concentrations at the most contaminated site, indicating the presence of oxidizable precursors. These findings indicate legacy contamination and demonstrate that precursor transformation contributes to downstream PFAS exposure, supporting inclusion of precursor compounds in future monitoring programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylmercury and Total Mercury Content on Usnea Lichens in Nova Scotia: Assessing Mercury Stability with Controlled Irradiation and Temperature Change.","authors":"Nelson J O'Driscoll, Inês Carvalho, João Canário, Allison K Walker, Sara J Klapstein, Robert Keenan, Robert Cameron","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04274-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04274-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on mercury distribution is critical as methylmercury can bioaccumulate and biomagnify within food webs. Lichens and other vegetation have been used to monitor heavy metals in the atmosphere as an alternative to commercially available passive-adsorbing collectors. We present results from controlled lab experiments quantifying the stability of mercury on Usnea lichens and the total mercury and methylmercury content of 105 Usnea lichens collected across Nova Scotia, Canada. We discovered that mercury forms a stable association with Usnea lichens and minimal amounts were released (0.003 and 0.15% of total mercury) under a variety of short term (40 h) radiation and temperature conditions. We also found that there were significant detectable methylmercury concentrations in the lichens ranging from 0.1 to 18.4 ng/g d.w. which was 0.04 to 7.3% of the total mercury present. This work shows that Usnea lichens are stable passive air samplers for both total mercury and methylmercury.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecotoxicological Assessment of Landfill Leachate Treated by Coagulation-Flocculation-Sedimentation and Powdered Activated Carbon Adsorption.","authors":"Jandiara Damaris Campos Pozzetti, Renan Borelli Galvão, Vilson Gomes da Assunção Júnior, Emília Kiyomi Kuroda","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04250-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04250-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The isolated evaluation of physicochemical parameters of effluents in landfill leachate treatment is insufficient to determine reductions in acute or chronic toxicity to aquatic biota. Therefore, ecotoxicity tests are essential to assess environmental contamination. This study evaluated the ecotoxicological impacts, through acute and chronic tests on different organisms, of raw landfill leachate, leachate treated with ammonia stripping and activated sludge, and leachate post-treated by coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS) and adsorption using powdered activated carbon (PAC). Tests with P. subcapitata, C. dubia, D. magna, and A. salina indicated that biologically treated leachate exhibited lower toxicity than raw leachate. However, during post-treatment with CFS combined with PAC adsorption, despite the significant removal of recalcitrant compounds, toxicity increased for P. subcapitata, C. dubia, and D. magna, likely due to residual metals and chlorides from the coagulant and acidifier. Among the tested organisms, A. salina exhibited responses that differed from those of the other species, with a gradual decrease in toxicity observed after each treatment stage. This behavior may be partially associated with its marine origin and potential tolerance to chlorides.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13272614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Class Pharmaceutical Profiling Along an Urbanization Gradient in a Tropical Megacity River: Evidence for Cumulative Loading and Limited Attenuation.","authors":"Wulan Koagouw, Riyana Subandi, Rina Adriany, Richard J Hazell","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04271-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04271-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urban pharmaceutical pollution threatens aquatic ecosystems and human health, yet tropical watersheds remain understudied compared to temperate systems. Here we demonstrate a gradient-based approach to diagnose cumulative pharmaceutical loading in Jakarta's Ciliwung River. We analyzed 53 compounds across eight sites and detected 13 pharmaceuticals spanning antibiotics, analgesics, cardiovascular agents, and iodinated contrast media (ICMs). Downstream concentrations of the pooled contaminants increased significantly (R² = 0.209, p < 0.001), with gabapentin showing the strongest cumulative gradient (R² = 0.895, p < 0.001). Eleven compounds displayed monotonic downstream increases, indicating cumulative loading and limited attenuation. Localized spikes for diclofenac and metronidazole suggest point-source inputs from healthcare or residential discharge. The study establishes a baseline for a highly urbanized watershed while illustrating monitoring and source-control priorities relevant to tropical megacities with limited wastewater treatment capacity. It identifies gabapentin as a candidate sentinel indicator for future studies. The findings of this study can aid in development of effective strategies for managing emerging contaminants in the Ciliwung River and other urban rivers facing similar challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13272248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadmium Screening in Soils and Cacao Beans from the Main Plantation Sites in Venezuela.","authors":"Eunice Marcano, Dioni Arrieche, Fátima Rodríguez-Ramos","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04273-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04273-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work aimed to contribute to a cadmium screening in soils and cacao beans from the main plantation sites in Venezuela by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis. Among them are Miranda, Sucre, Mérida-Zulia, and Barinas states, where cadmium levels fluctuated significantly. Despite the reduced number of samples and high intra-zonal variability, the soil Cd concentration in the plantations averaged 0.22 µg g^-1, lower than the recommended maximum for agricultural soils (0.43 µg g^-1). Cacao beans averaged 1.85 µg g^-1, well above the upper limit recommended by the European Cocoa Association (0.6 µg g^-1). The highest values were recorded for Miranda plantations. Soils from the plantations in Sucre, Mérida-Zulia, and Barinas have Cd concentrations below the detection limit of the ICP-OES method applied (0.035 µg g^-1). A significant correlation was detected between the total Cd content of soil and the concentration of Cd in cacao beans.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Comprehensive Assessment of Cytochrome P4501A Response of Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio, Linnaeus 1758) with the Nutrient Enrichment in Different Freshwater Lakes of North-Western Himalayas.","authors":"Saima Andleeb, Azra Shah, Durdana Qazi, Asim Iqbal Bazaz, Irfan Ahmad Bhat, Mohd Ashraf Rather, Oyas Asimi, Rashid Ahmad Shah, Irfan Ahmad Khan","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04268-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04268-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) is a widely used biomarker of environmental stress in fish, primarily associated with xenobiotic metabolism but also responsive to broader changes in water quality. This study provides a region-specific, field-based assessment of hepatic CYP1A responses in Cyprinus carpio in relation to nutrient enrichment across freshwater lakes of the North-Western Himalayas. Fish and water samples were collected monthly over two consecutive years from four lakes representing contrasting trophic conditions Viz Dal, Wular, Manasbal, and Nilnag along with laboratory-maintained control fish. Hepatic CYP1A concentrations were quantified, and concurrent measurements of total phosphorus, nitrate-nitrogen, ammonical nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pH were conducted.CYP1A levels showed pronounced spatial and seasonal variability, with significantly higher concentrations in fish from nutrient-enriched lakes, particularly Dal and Wular, compared to less impacted lakes and laboratory controls. These lakes were characterised by elevated nutrient concentrations and comparatively lower dissolved oxygen levels, reflecting eutrophic conditions. To appropriately address repeated monthly sampling and non-independence of observations, linear mixed-effects models were applied, incorporating lake and season as fixed effects and sampling event as a random effect. Model outputs indicated that total phosphorus and nitrate-nitrogen were significant predictors of CYP1A variation after accounting for seasonal and site-specific effects, whereas ammonical nitrogen showed no independent influence. The results suggest that nutrient enrichment indirectly modulates CYP1A expression through altered environmental conditions such as oxygen availability and metabolic stress rather than direct contaminant exposure alone. Overall, this study demonstrates the utility of CYP1A as an integrative biomarker of ecological stress under eutrophic conditions and highlights the importance of mixed-effects modelling in long-term freshwater biomonitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Polyethylene Terephthalate, Polyvinyl Chloride, and Low-Density Polyethylene Microplastics on Plant Growth Physiology in Three Model Crops.","authors":"Rachna, Aparna Kumari, K Vismaya, Prachi Kumari, Prashant, Shubham Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04277-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04277-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastic (MP) pollution in terrestrial ecosystems is an emerging concern because of its adverse effects on soil health and crop productivity. This study assessed the phytotoxic effects of three polymers, Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) on seed germination, early growth, and physiology of Cicer arietinum, Avena sativa, and Linum usitatissimum. Laboratory and pot experiments using graded microplastic concentrations showed clear dose-dependent responses. Higher microplastic levels reduced germination, seedling vigor, root and shoot length, and biomass, with PET causing the greatest inhibition, followed by PVC. LDPE slightly promoted root growth at low doses but became inhibitory at higher concentrations. Chlorophyll declined at elevated MP levels, indicating impaired photosynthesis, while electrolyte leakage suggested membrane damage, especially under LDPE exposure. Overall toxicity ranked PET > PVC > LDPE, underscoring the risks of microplastics to crops and agroecosystem sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Particulate Matter Pollution Dynamics Near the Afşin-Elbistan Lignite-Fired Thermal Power Plant Complex: An Integrated AQI-ITA Trend Assessment.","authors":"Erdinc Aladag","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04272-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04272-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study investigates the characteristics of long-term PM₁₀ pollution in the proximity of Afşin-Elbistan lignite-fired thermal power plant complex, one of Türkiye's largest coal-based energy production regions. Daily measurements obtained from the Elbistan monitoring station are analyzed from 2011 to 2024 using descriptive statistics, exceedance analysis for annual and monthly data, and Air Quality Index-Integrated Innovative Trend Analysis (AQI-ITA). The obtained results show that the annual average PM₁₀ concentration values exceed the national limit for the whole period and are several-fold higher than the WHO guideline value. In addition, the lowest annual averages are recorded in 2020 and 2022, while the highest annual averages are found in 2017 and 2018. For some years, the number of days when the daily limit is exceeded approaches the total number of days in the year. High PM₁₀ concentration values are registered in winter months due to emissions related to lignite combustion and residential heating. According to AQI-ITA results, the trendless behavior dominates the process under analysis at low and moderate concentration values, while increasing trends occur at high pollution values in winter and autumn. Overall, PM₁₀ pollution in Elbistan can be considered persistent during the entire period under consideration and may be influenced by the nearby energy production complex, residential heating activities, and various environmental factors. Therefore, further improvements in air quality management policies are also expected to contribute to more effective pollution control in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution Characteristics, Potential Sources and Transport Pathways of O₃ and VOCs in a Coastal City of East China.","authors":"Yuan Xue, Yufei Ling, Lei Tong, Jiayong Feng, Huan Lin, Chunli Liu, Cenyan Huang, Hang Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04275-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04275-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on observational data from a coastal city in East China, this study integrates meteorological measurements and numerical modeling to identify key drivers and spatiotemporal patterns of regional atmospheric pollution. The findings indicated that the annual 90th percentile concentration of daily maximum 8-h average O₃ in Beilun District reached 143.69 μg/m³ in 2022, exceeding the national Class I limit for O₃. Seasonal ozone pollution peaked in spring and summer, exhibiting a distinct single-peak diurnal profile. High temperature and low humidity favored photochemical O₃ formation, while wind conditions influenced O₃ through both local accumulation under weak winds and regional transport under low-to-moderate sea-breeze conditions. Application of the empirical kinetic modelling approach demonstrated that ozone formation was predominantly volatile organic compound (VOC)-limited, with alkenes exhibiting the highest ozone formation potential, followed by alkanes and aromatics. Source apportionment via positive matrix factorization model identified vehicle exhaust (28.7%), solvent usage (24.3%), and oil gas evaporation (24.1%) as the principal sources of ambient VOCs. Backward trajectory analysis indicated that air masses in May were predominantly influenced by eastern marine pathways (38.71%), whereas air masses in July were characterized by transport from inland sources in southwestern Zhejiang Province (62.23%). Potential source contribution function analysis further designated port areas as high-contribution zones for ozone precursors (contribution factors > 0.8), underscoring the significant role of coastal industrial operations and shipping emissions in exacerbating local air pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148154853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}