Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of Emerging Pollutants Decabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-209) and Polylactic Acid (PLA) Exposure on Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) Growth in a Co-contaminated Soil System.","authors":"Mabinty Sarah Tholley, Lartey Young George, Kailin Gong, Ibrahim Ahmed Kanu, Eheneden Iyobosa, Gehui Wang, Cheng Peng, Wei Zhang, Jizhang Chen, Xiaoxia Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04278-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04278-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging contaminants, including brominated flame retardants and microplastics, in agricultural soils pose a serious threat to crop security and ecosystem health. This study aimed to provide an understanding of the toxicity-induced effects of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and polylactic acid (PLA) on Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) in the soil system by examining Spinach biomass, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and microbial community composition after a 42-day exposure. The pre- and post-structural, morphological, and surface chemical group analyses of PLA and BDE-209 in contact with the soil system were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The data show that the combined treatment caused the most significant growth inhibition, with a 95% reduction in shoot dry weight and a 25% reduction in chlorophyll content, suggesting continued photosynthetic damage. Antioxidant enzyme analyses revealed an impaired defence system, wherein superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased (BDE-5: 48.4%, and BDE-6: 44.2%), whereas catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities decreased (0.4-2.3%) across treatments, indicating metabolic blockage and subsequent hydrogen peroxide accumulation. The soil microbial composition in response to stress showed significant structural changes, including an increase in stress-tolerant genera, such as Bacillus (30-39%), and a decrease in beneficial Oligotrophic bacterial populations (58.9-74.0%). The degradation of PLA was confirmed by FTIR and SEM, which revealed surface interaction with BDE-209 and exhibited reduced absorbance between 1200 and 1000 cm^-1, accompanied by a reduction in particle size (70-90 μm). These findings suggest that PLA may be a co-pollutant exacerbating BDE-209 toxicity by increasing oxidative stress and altering the soil microbial community.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148154818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Performance of Different Plants as Phytoremediators for Heavy Metals Released by Varying Density Road Traffic in District Malakand, Pakistan.","authors":"Saima Ajmal, Maria Sadia, Muhammad Zahoor","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04270-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04270-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heavy metals released by traffic pollution significantly harm plant and animal health. This research aimed to determine how well different plant species can perform phytoremediation along roadsides with varying levels of traffic. Samples from 18 different native plants, along with soil and water, were collected at four locations with varying traffic intensities, identified as low (L1), moderate (L2), high (L3), and very high (L4), and tested for their phytoremediation capabilities for Pb, Cd, Ni, and Zn. For all samples, the concentration of heavy metals increased with increasing road traffic from low (L1) to very high (L4). The maximum heavy metal concentration (111.67, 7.41, 95.12 and 10.47 mg kg^-1), bioaccumulation factor (1.18, 6.18, 1.09 and 1.32), and translocation factor (0.986, 0.973, 0.989 and 1.102) for Zn, Cd, Pb, and Ni were observed for plant species Dodonaea viscosa, Cyprus rotundus, Verbesina encelioides, and Cynodon dactylon, respectively. Based on these findings, it was concluded that the species Verbesina encelioides, Cyprus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, and Dodonaea viscosa are efficient phytoremediators for Pb, Cd, Ni, and Zn toxicity, respectively. Hence, these are recommended for phytoremediation of roadside soils polluted by vehicular emissions in ecological conditions similar to those of District Malakand.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarker Responses in the Marine Mussel Mytilus Edulis Indicate Significant Toxicological Effects of Polyethylene Microplastics.","authors":"Omar M L Alharbi","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04269-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04269-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the short‑term effects of polyethylene microplastics (PE‑MPs) on the marine mussel Mytilus edulis using a suite of cellular and subcellular biomarkers. A total of 225 mussels were collected from Umluj, Saudi Arabia, a relatively unimpacted coastal area of the Red Sea, and experimentally exposed for 72 h to spherical PE‑MPs (50 μm diameter) at nominal concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 60 particles L^-1. Genotoxicity, oxidative status, and cellular integrity were assessed by comet assay, thiobarbituric acid‑reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and lysosomal membrane stability (LMS). At 60 particles L^-1, DNA strand breakage increased markedly in hemocytes (13.09%) and gill cells (12.21%) relative to controls (2.14%; p < 0.01). Lipid peroxidation was 1.28 nmol TBARS mg protein^-1, and activity of gill SOD was decreased by 16.13% of control. LMS was significantly reduced from 134.4 min in controls to 53.2 min in the highest exposure (p < 0.01), suggesting impaired cellular homeostasis. Given the short exposure duration, these results are preliminary. They indicate that acute PE-MP exposure at the tested concentrations is associated with measurable genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and reduced lysosomal stability. Longer-term ecological implications remain to be investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148051721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomonitoring of Heavy Metals Using Feathers of Different Bird Species in Mashhad Metropolis, Iran.","authors":"Hassan Malvandi, Mohammad Hossein Shamabadi, Iman Vaezi","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04265-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04265-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, thirteen urban bird species were used as bioindicators to monitor metal concentrations in the metropolis of Mashhad. The concentrations of lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) ranged from 0.004 to 0.073, 0.750 to 1.400, and 0.502 to 1.202 µg/g dry w, respectively. The lowest concentration of Pb was observed in Corvus corax and Corvus frugilegus species, while the highest concentration was found in Turdus iliacus. The lowest concentration of Zn was in C. frugilegus, and the highest concentration was in Spilopelia senegalensis. The lowest concentration of Cu was in Galerida cristata, with the highest concentration in S. senegalensis. The results revealed statistically significant differences in the concentrations of the studied elements in some species. Although the values of the studied elements were higher in the Insectivore and then Granivorous groups compared to the Carnivore and Omnivore groups, there was no significant difference between species based on their diet. Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in element concentrations between adult and immature samples, as well as between small-bodied and large-bodied samples. Risk assessment of element exposure showed that the concentrations in all thirteen species' samples were below the permissible limits, indicating a low health risk from metal exposure for these species. It is worth noting that this research marks the first global measurement of metal values in Spinus spinus, T. iliacus, and Phoenicurus erythronotus species.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148051787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Chromium Species on Root Morphometry of Typha domingensis in Floating Treatment Wetlands.","authors":"María Belén Molina, María de Las Mercedes Mufarrege, Gisela Alfonsina Di Luca, Marcelo Abel Campagnoli, Hernán Ricardo Hadad","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04266-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04266-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aims were to evaluate the tolerance of Typha domingensis and the changes in the internal morphometric parameters of roots exposed to different Cr(III) and Cr(VI) concentrations in Floating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs). FTWs were exposed to 5 and 10 mg L^- 1 Cr(III), and 5 and 10 mg L^- 1 Cr(VI). Also, a Biological Control (BC) without Cr addition was used. Roots were the main Cr accumulator organ. Both Cr species significantly modified the root morphology of T. domingensis. The highest cross-sectional areas (CSA) of roots, and metaxilematic vessels were observed in 5 and 10 mg L^- 1 Cr(III) treatments. The lowest CSA and number of vessels (NV) were observed in 5 and 10 mg L^- 1 Cr(VI) treatments. The lowest chlorophyll concentrations and growth rates were determined at 10 mg L^- 1 Cr(VI). Metaxylem vessels presented a disordered arrangement. Cr mapping from 10 mg L^- 1 Cr(VI) revealed a Cr deposit on the wall of the central cylinder and in the stele cells. Due to the morphological plasticity and tolerance demonstrated by T. domingensis, it can be concluded that it is a suitable species to be used in FTWs for the treatment of Cr-contaminated waters.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148040521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PAHs in Sediments from Amazon Mangrove and Oyster Farming Areas: Sources, Ecological Risks and Potential Toxicity.","authors":"Cibelle C L Brandão, Thaís R Sousa, James T Lee, Júlia A Ferreira-Griz, Dioniso S Sampaio, Alexandre M C Carmo, Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo, Silvia K Kawakami","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04264-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04264-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were examined in mangrove sediments from three Amazonian municipalities, known for port operation, fish market (Curuçá), oyster production (Augusto Corrêa) and tourism (Salinópolis). ∑PAH concentrations (4.55-1303 ng g^-1 dry sediment; mean: 246 ± 644) indicated low to moderate contamination, in the order: Curuçá ≫ Salinópolis > Augusto Corrêa, with the maxima near natural oyster banks (Curuçá) and lowest in the oyster farming area (Augusto Corrêa). Contamination sources and apportionment were investigated using diagnostic ratios and multivariate analysis, estimating 30% from fossil fuel combustion, 59% from biomass/coal burning and 11% from petrogenic and natural sources. Carcinogenic benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent toxicity was below threshold guidelines, but dibenzo[a,h]anthracene exceeded ecological risks and integrative indices in Curuçá and Salinópolis samples. A potential PAH transfer risk from suspended sediments to oyster may occur. Our results contribute to the local socioeconomic basis with environmental quality dataset and baseline PAHs in mangrove areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13198471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148004133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Drivers of Microcystin Dynamics in Lakes of the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, China.","authors":"Shikai Wu, Liang Chen, Yubin Xing, Jia Qin, Ping Xie","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04256-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04256-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microcystins (MCs) threaten aquatic ecosystems and public health. While ecological drivers are well-studied, macroeconomic influences remain poorly understood. We introduced a novel Frequency-Microcystin (F-MC) index, integrating concentration and spatial prevalence, to assess risk in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Correlation analysis identified the secondary industry workforce as the strongest correlate of the F-MC index (Kendall's τ = 0.670, p < 0.01). Stepwise regression further revealed it as the sole dominant predictor, explaining 74.2% of its variance (p < 0.001). In contrast, primary industry indicators and key physicochemical factors showed no significant predictive power. Our findings demonstrate that the industrial workforce is a paramount driver of MC pollution, eclipsing traditional limnological parameters and underscoring the need for macroeconomic regulation in water quality management.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148004015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive assessment of mercury exposure in rodents and marsupials from a historically contaminated area of the Madeira River, Western Amazon.","authors":"João Bezerra Facundo, Cássio da Silva Cabral, Mariluce Resende Messias, Wanderley Rodrigues Bastos, Wilson Gomez Manrique","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04260-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04260-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Lower Madeira River (Western Amazon) is a hotspot for mercury (Hg) contamination due to both natural geochemical enrichment and long-term anthropogenic activities. Total mercury (THg) concentrations were significantly higher in marsupials (median = 0.136 mg kg^-1) than in rodents (median = 0.032 mg kg^-1, p = 0.0006). Arboreal rodents showed lower Hg levels than omnivorous rodents. Terrestrial rodents showed higher Hg concentrations than arboreal rodents (p < 0.00010). Age did not influence Hg levels in the studied orders. The marsupial species Marmosops sp. (3.379 mg kg^-1) and Marmosa murina (2.571 mg kg^-1) showed the highest Hg concentrations, while in the rodent Sphiggurus roosmalenorum (n = 4), the concentrations remained below the detection limit. Atmospheric deposition is likely a source of Hg for herbivores, in addition to insects to supplement the diet. For omnivores, the main source of Hg is insects, which transport the element from the aquatic environment to the terrestrial environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13198448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148004057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Fate of Fluopyram in Indian Soils: Persistence, Dissipation Kinetics, and Leaching Potential.","authors":"Paresh H Rathod, Ravi L Kalasariya, Hiren K Patel, Paresh G Shah","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04257-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04257-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The environmental fate of fluopyram was evaluated through laboratory dissipation, field dissipation, and soil column leaching studies using representative Indian soils. In vitro dissipation of technical-grade fluopyram (5 mg/kg) was investigated in six soils under aerobic conditions. Fluopyram dissipated slowly, with ~27-33% dissipation of the initial amount after 120 days of incubation. Dissipation followed biphasic kinetics best described by combined first-order and double first-order in parallel (DFOP) models, with estimated DFOP slow-phase half-lives ranging from 363 to 676 days. Under field conditions in sandy loam soil, fluopyram dissipated more rapidly, with ~60-75% dissipation within 90 days following application of 34.48% SC fluopyram at 0.5, 1, and 2 kg a.i./ha. Dissipation again followed biphasic, concentration-dependent kinetics, with DFOP slow-phase half-lives of 54, 130, and 252 days for the respective doses. Soil column studies showed soil-dependent mobility after simulated rainfall (~600 mm), with cumulative leaching of 56.5-64.4% in clay loam soil but negligible movement in clay soil. Based on relative mobility factors, fluopyram was classified as slightly to moderately mobile, indicating persistence combined with variable leaching potential in different soils. Overall, fluopyram exhibited high persistence and moderate mobility, indicating potential long-term soil exposure and possible subsurface transport under favourable conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elaeis guineensis Jacq. as a Bioindicator of Aluminum Hydroxide-Induced Cytogenotoxicity in Root Meristems.","authors":"Jesús David Quintero Caleño, Laura Yolima Moreno Rozo, Seir Antonio Salazar Mercado","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04254-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04254-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluates the cytotoxic effects of aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)₂) on root growth and cell division of Elaeis guineensis roots. Using Al(OH)₃ concentrations ranging from 5 to 250 mg/L, both radicle growth and nuclear and chromosomal abnormalities, including mitotic indices and the presence of micronuclei, anaphase bridges, and other alterations, were analyzed. The results showed that elevated concentrations of Al(OH)₃ (particularly 150 to 250 mg/L) significantly inhibit root growth, reduce the mitotic index, and increase the frequency of nuclear abnormalities. The presence of aluminum-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) appears to cause DNA damage, which contributes to the formation of micronuclei and other genetic abnormalities. These findings underscore the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of aluminum in acidic soils, which may negatively impact oil palm productivity in cropping contexts. It is concluded that exposure to aluminum hydroxide represents a risk to the genetic stability of E. guineensis and suggests the need to adequately manage aluminum levels in soils used for this crop.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147961785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}