Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase Induction and Neurotoxicity Caused by Environmental Pollutants in Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) from Atatürk Dam Lake (Türkiye).

Abstract

Increasing population, industrial developments and agricultural activities around Atatürk Dam Lake, the largest dam of Türkiye, are also increasing level of pollutants in this reservoir. Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in tissues of Cyprinus carpio caught from Samsat (relatively clean), Sitilce (affected by domestic/industrial wastes) and Bozova (affected by agricultural activities) regions of dam lake were analyzed in this work. Significant declines in SOD, AChE and GSH (P < 0.05) and significant elevations in CAT, EROD, 8-OHdG and MDA (P < 0.05) were observed in fish from Sitilce and Bozova regions compared to Samsat region. In Sitilce and Bozova, while these elevations were 54% and 121% for EROD, 40% and 92% for 8-OHdG, these declines were 33% and 58% for SOD, 29% and 55% for AChE, respectively. Our research shows environmental pollutants cause oxidative damage and neurotoxicity in fish from Atatürk Dam Lake.