npj Imaging最新文献

{"title":"A primer on current status and future opportunities of clinical optoacoustic imaging.","authors":"Ferdinand Knieling, Serene Lee, Vasilis Ntziachristos","doi":"10.1038/s44303-024-00065-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44303-024-00065-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite its introduction in the 1970's, it is only recent technology advances that have propelled growth in clinical optoacoustic (photoacoustic) imaging over the past decade. We analytically present the broad landscape of clinical optoacoustic applications in the context of these key technology advances, the unique contrast achieved, and the tissue biomarkers resolved. We then discuss current challenges and future opportunities to address the unmet clinical needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":501709,"journal":{"name":"npj Imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multiresolution approach with method-informed statistical analysis for quantifying lymphatic pumping dynamics.","authors":"Mohammad S Razavi, Katarina J Ruscic, Elizabeth G Korn, Marla Marquez, Timothy T Houle, Dhruv Singhal, Lance L Munn, Timothy P Padera","doi":"10.1038/s44303-024-00061-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44303-024-00061-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite significant strides in lymphatic system imaging, the timely diagnosis of lymphatic disorders remains elusive. This is driven by the absence of standardized, non-invasive, reliable, quantitative methods for real-time functional analysis of lymphatic contractility with adequate spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we address this unmet need by integrating near-infrared fluorescence lymphangiography imaging with an innovative analytical workflow that combines data acquisition, signal processing, and statistical analysis to integrate traditional peak-and-valley analysis with advanced wavelet time-frequency analyses. Variance component analysis was used to evaluate the drivers of variance attributable to each experimental variable for each lymphangiography measurement type. Generalizability studies were used to assess the reliability of measured parameters and how reliability improves as the number of repeat measurements per subject increases. This allowed us to determine the minimum number of repeat measurements needed per subject for acceptable measurement reliability. This approach not only offers detailed insights into lymphatic pumping behaviors across species, sex and age, but also significantly boosts the reliability of these measurements by incorporating multiple regions of interest and evaluating the lymphatic system under various gravitational loads. For example, the reliability of the peak-and-valley analysis of human lymphatic vessels was increased 3-fold using the described approach. By addressing the critical need for improved imaging and quantification methods, our study offers a new standard approach for the imaging and analysis of lymphatic function that can improve our understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of lymphatic diseases. The results highlight the importance of comprehensive data acquisition strategies to fully capture the dynamic behavior of the lymphatic system.</p>","PeriodicalId":501709,"journal":{"name":"npj Imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From superior contrast to super resolution label free optical microscopy.","authors":"Nikhil Jayakumar, Balpreet Singh Ahluwalia","doi":"10.1038/s44303-024-00064-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44303-024-00064-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Label-free optical microscopy utilizes the information encoded in light scattered off unlabeled particles to generate the images. This review article starts off with a discussion on how this light matter interaction gives rise to the issues of poor-contrast and diffraction-limited spatial resolution. Then, this article reviews the various far-field label-free optical microscopy techniques that have been developed, with an emphasis on the physical mechanisms behind the image formation processes in such techniques. Thus the article aims to elucidate the various state-of-the-art label-free techniques and their current applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":501709,"journal":{"name":"npj Imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular imaging of viral pathogenesis and opportunities for the future.","authors":"Brianna Kelly, Jeanette E Boudreau, Steven Beyea, Kimberly Brewer","doi":"10.1038/s44303-024-00056-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44303-024-00056-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecular imaging is used in clinical and research settings. Since tools to study viral pathogenesis longitudinally and systemically are limited, molecular imaging is an attractive and largely unexplored tool. This review discusses molecular imaging probes and techniques for studying viruses, particularly those currently used in oncology that are applicable to virology. Expanding the repertoire of probes to better detect viral disease may make imaging even more valuable in (pre-)clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":501709,"journal":{"name":"npj Imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI detects blood-brain barrier alterations in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease and lung infection.","authors":"Yolanda Ohene, William J Morrey, Elizabeth Powell, Katherine F Smethers, Nadim Luka, Kieron South, Michael Berks, Catherine B Lawrence, Geoff J M Parker, Laura M Parkes, Hervé Boutin, Ben R Dickie","doi":"10.1038/s44303-025-00071-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44303-025-00071-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pneumonia is a common infection in people suffering with Alzheimer's disease, leading to delirium, critical illness or severe neurological decline, which may be due to an amplified response of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to peripheral insult. We assess the response of the BBB to repeated <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> lung infection in rat model of Alzheimer's disease (TgF344-AD), at 13- and 18-months old, using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and filter exchange imaging. Higher BBB water exchange rate is initially detected in infected TgF344-AD rats. BBB water exchange rates correlated with hippocampus aquaporin-4 water channel expression in infected animals. We detected no differences in BBB permeability to gadolinium contrast agent measured by DCE-MRI, confirmed by staining for tight junction proteins, occludin and claudin-5. These findings provide insight into the mechanisms of how peripheral inflammation impacts the BBB.</p>","PeriodicalId":501709,"journal":{"name":"npj Imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A critical assessment of artificial intelligence in magnetic resonance imaging of cancer.","authors":"Chengyue Wu, Meryem Abbad Andaloussi, David A Hormuth, Ernesto A B F Lima, Guillermo Lorenzo, Casey E Stowers, Sriram Ravula, Brett Levac, Alexandros G Dimakis, Jonathan I Tamir, Kristy K Brock, Caroline Chung, Thomas E Yankeelov","doi":"10.1038/s44303-025-00076-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44303-025-00076-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the enormous output and pace of development of artificial intelligence (AI) methods in medical imaging, it can be challenging to identify the true success stories to determine the state-of-the-art of the field. This report seeks to provide the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) community with an initial guide into the major areas in which the methods of AI are contributing to MRI in oncology. After a general introduction to artificial intelligence, we proceed to discuss the successes and current limitations of AI in MRI when used for image acquisition, reconstruction, registration, and segmentation, as well as its utility for assisting in diagnostic and prognostic settings. Within each section, we attempt to present a balanced summary by first presenting common techniques, state of readiness, current clinical needs, and barriers to practical deployment in the clinical setting. We conclude by presenting areas in which new advances must be realized to address questions regarding generalizability, quality assurance and control, and uncertainty quantification when applying MRI to cancer to maintain patient safety and practical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":501709,"journal":{"name":"npj Imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI detection of senescent cells in porcine knee joints with a β-galactosidase responsive Gd-chelate.","authors":"Kerem Nernekli, Dilyana B Mangarova, Vidyani Suryadevara, Mohammadjavad Hajipour, Jian-Hong Tang, Jie Wang, Tie Liang, Marek Harris, Tsuyoshi Ueyama, Jennifer K Lyons, Michael E Moseley, Raheleh Roudi, Laura Pisani, Ricarda von Krüchten, Ramesh Duwa, Sarah Ying Lu-Liang, Zahra Shokri Varniab, Iryna Vasyliv, Neeladrisingha Das, Masatoshi Murayama, Issei Shinohara, Guillem Pratx, Stuart B Goodman, Thomas J Meade, Heike E Daldrup-Link","doi":"10.1038/s44303-025-00078-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44303-025-00078-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Senescent cells promote osteoarthritis progression through the secretion of inflammatory mediators. Preclinical studies have identified senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (β-gal) as a biomarker of senescence, but in vivo detection remains challenging. Here, we evaluated whether a β-gal responsive gadolinium (Gd) chelate can non-invasively detect β-gal expressing senescent cells with standard clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo in porcine joints. In vitro studies showed that senescent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exhibited significant MRI signal enhancement upon incubation with the β-gal responsive Gd-chelate compared to viable control cells. In vivo, intraarticular injection of the probe into pig knee joints revealed its retention and activation by senescent cells in cartilage defects, evidenced by a significant increase in <i>R</i> ₁ relaxation rate. MRI-based senescent cell detection holds promise for identifying patients amenable to senolytic therapies, tailoring treatment plans, and monitoring therapy response in real-time.</p>","PeriodicalId":501709,"journal":{"name":"npj Imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional fiber orientation mapping of ex vivo human brain at micrometer resolution.","authors":"Chao J Liu, William Ammon, Robert J Jones, Jackson C Nolan, Dayang Gong, Chiara Maffei, Nathan Blanke, Brian L Edlow, Jean C Augustinack, Caroline Magnain, Anastasia Yendiki, Martin Villiger, Bruce Fischl, Hui Wang","doi":"10.1038/s44303-025-00074-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44303-025-00074-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The accurate measurement of three-dimensional (3D) fiber orientation in the brain is crucial for reconstructing fiber pathways and studying their involvement in neurological diseases. Comprehensive reconstruction of axonal tracts and small fascicles requires high-resolution technology beyond the ability of current in vivo imaging (e.g., diffusion magnetic resonance imaging). Optical imaging methods such as polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) can quantify fiber orientation at micrometer resolution but have been limited to two-dimensional in-plane orientation, preventing the comprehensive study of connectivity in 3D. In this work we present a novel method to quantify volumetric 3D orientation in full angular space with PS-OCT in postmortem human brain tissues. We measure the polarization contrasts of the brain sample from two illumination angles of 0 and 15° and apply a computational method that yields the 3D optic axis orientation and true birefringence. We further present 3D fiber orientation maps of entire coronal cerebrum sections and brainstem with 10 μm in-plane resolution, revealing unprecedented details of fiber configurations. We envision that our method will open a promising avenue towards large-scale 3D fiber axis mapping in the human brain as well as other complex fibrous tissues at microscopic level.</p>","PeriodicalId":501709,"journal":{"name":"npj Imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approaching maximum resolution in structured illumination microscopy via accurate noise modeling.","authors":"Ayush Saurabh, Peter T Brown, J Shepard Bryan Iv, Zachary R Fox, Rory Kruithoff, Cristopher Thompson, Comert Kural, Douglas P Shepherd, Steve Pressé","doi":"10.1038/s44303-024-00066-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44303-024-00066-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological images captured by microscopes are characterized by heterogeneous signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) due to spatially varying photon emission across the field of view convoluted with camera noise. State-of-the-art unsupervised structured illumination microscopy (SIM) reconstruction methods, commonly implemented in the Fourier domain, often do not accurately model this noise. Such methods therefore suffer from high-frequency artifacts, user-dependent choices of smoothness constraints making assumptions on biological features, and unphysical negative values in the recovered fluorescence intensity map. On the other hand, supervised algorithms rely on large datasets for training, and often require retraining for new sample structures. Consequently, achieving high contrast near the maximum theoretical resolution in an unsupervised, physically principled manner remains an open problem. Here, we propose Bayesian-SIM (B-SIM), a Bayesian framework to quantitatively reconstruct SIM data, rectifying these shortcomings by accurately incorporating known noise sources in the spatial domain. To accelerate the reconstruction process, we use the finite extent of the point-spread-function to devise a parallelized Monte Carlo strategy involving chunking and restitching of the inferred fluorescence intensity. We benchmark our framework on both simulated and experimental images, and demonstrate improved contrast permitting feature recovery at up to 25% shorter length scales over state-of-the-art methods at both high- and low SNR. B-SIM enables unsupervised, quantitative, physically accurate reconstruction without the need for labeled training data, democratizing high-quality SIM reconstruction and expands the capabilities of live-cell SIM to lower SNR, potentially revealing biological features in previously inaccessible regimes.</p>","PeriodicalId":501709,"journal":{"name":"npj Imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive oxygen species-related oxidative changes are associated with splenic lymphocyte depletion in Ebola virus infection.","authors":"Venkatesh Mani, Winston T Chu, Hee-Jeong Yang, C Paul Morris, Joseph Laux, Russell Byrum, Kurt Cooper, David X Liu, Hui Wang, Cristal Johnson, Kyra Hadley, John G Bernbaum, Randy Hart, Scott M Anthony, Anthony E Marketon, Rebecca Bernbaum-Cutler, Bapi Pahar, Gabriella Worwa, Jens H Kuhn, Ian Crozier, Claudia Calcagno, Eric Gale","doi":"10.1038/s44303-025-00079-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44303-025-00079-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dysregulated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during viral infections may lead to immune cell death and ineffective host responses. ROS dynamics have been under-investigated in severe Ebola virus disease (EVD), a condition in which hyperinflammation and excessive immune cell death are well described but poorly understood. Through ex vivo immunohistochemistry and in vivo ROS-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) we demonstrate significant ROS-related oxidative changes in the spleens of domestic ferrets exposed to Ebola virus (EBOV). By immunohistochemistry or MRI, detection of splenic ROS was inversely correlated with the number of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T lymphocytes and apoptotic CD8⁺ lymphocytes, but detection was positively correlated with the frequency of apoptotic CD4⁺ cells and the number and frequency of apoptotic B lymphocytes. These results suggest that ROS-induced apoptosis may contribute to the loss of splenic CD4⁺ T lymphocytes in EBOV-exposed ferrets and warrant further investigation of the role of ROS in severe EVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":501709,"journal":{"name":"npj Imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12021656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}