{"title":"Co-evolving embodied intelligence with design for artificial intelligence architecture","authors":"Yuan Dai, Jianan Wang","doi":"10.1038/s44287-025-00146-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-025-00146-w","url":null,"abstract":"Embodied intelligence flourishes through the co-evolution of robotics and artificial intelligence (AI). Astribot’s Design-for-AI (DFAI) hardware–software architecture redefines intelligent robot development, enabling safe and reliable systems with agility, dexterity, and the adaptability to tackle real-world challenges.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"149-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean-René Lèquepeys, Dominique Noguet, Bruno Paing, Xavier Lemoine, Christophe Wyon, Marie-Claire Cyrille, Claire Fenouillet-Béranger, Eric Dupont-Nivet, Chrystel Deguet, Susana Bonnetier
{"title":"Europe’s pilot line on fully depleted silicon-on-insulator technology (FAMES)","authors":"Jean-René Lèquepeys, Dominique Noguet, Bruno Paing, Xavier Lemoine, Christophe Wyon, Marie-Claire Cyrille, Claire Fenouillet-Béranger, Eric Dupont-Nivet, Chrystel Deguet, Susana Bonnetier","doi":"10.1038/s44287-025-00144-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-025-00144-y","url":null,"abstract":"The FAMES pilot line on fully depleted silicon-on-insulator technology provides a complete toolbox of technologies for the development of innovative chip architectures with increased performance and lower power consumption of mixed-signal circuits.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 2","pages":"77-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Won-Been Jeong, Taesung Kim, Hyoungsik Nam, Seung-Woo Lee
{"title":"Low-power technologies for displays","authors":"Won-Been Jeong, Taesung Kim, Hyoungsik Nam, Seung-Woo Lee","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00139-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00139-1","url":null,"abstract":"Displays have become ubiquitous in our daily lives, serving as a primary interface for information consumption across various devices. The rapid advancement of display technologies has led to significant improvements in size, resolution, refresh rates and luminance, particularly in mobile devices and emerging applications such as electric vehicles. However, these advancements have also resulted in increased power consumption, posing challenges for battery life and energy efficiency. Therefore, the demand for energy-efficient display solutions continues to increase. This Review explores the latest developments in low-power display technologies for energy-efficient solutions. Specifically, we discuss low-power technologies for high-resolution, high-video-quality displays. After discussing various low-power technologies in display panels and driving circuits, this Review overviews technologies to reduce the total power consumption in a display system. Finally, we highlight potential future research directions that could benefit the field moving forward. This Review highlights low-power display technologies for a display panel, display electronics and a system, respectively. In principle, static or dynamic power can be reduced through these technologies; however, the reduction is distinct from conventional low-power technologies owing to the unique electro-optical characteristics of displays and specific human visual perception.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"173-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CMOS compatible III–V nano-ridge lasers","authors":"Lishu Wu","doi":"10.1038/s44287-025-00142-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-025-00142-0","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Nature presents an approach for the cost-effective and scalable integration of electrically pumped III–V-based lasers onto silicon wafers using a CMOS pilot prototyping line.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 2","pages":"82-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuhao Zhang, Dong Dong, Qiang Li, Richard Zhang, Florin Udrea, Han Wang
{"title":"Wide-bandgap semiconductors and power electronics as pathways to carbon neutrality","authors":"Yuhao Zhang, Dong Dong, Qiang Li, Richard Zhang, Florin Udrea, Han Wang","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00135-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00135-5","url":null,"abstract":"Energy supply and consumption account for approximately 75% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Advances in semiconductor and power electronics technologies are required to integrate renewable energy into grids, electrify transport and the heating and cooling of buildings, and increase the efficiency of electricity conversion. This Review outlines the opportunities for carbon neutrality in the energy sector enabled by synergistic advances in wide-bandgap (WBG) semiconductors and power electronics. First, we present advances in WBG power devices, converter circuits and power electronics applications and their implications. For example, WBG materials have a high critical electric field and thermal stability; therefore, WBG devices can operate at higher temperatures and frequencies than silicon devices, enabling higher efficiency and reducing the number of passive components and cooling systems required in converter circuits. We then discuss advances in renewable energy systems, electric vehicles, data centres and heat pumps enabled by WBG devices, and their potential to reduce carbon emissions through electrification and increased energy conversion efficiency. We also consider the implications of the carbon footprint of WBG device manufacturing being larger than that of silicon manufacturing. Finally, we discuss research gaps that must be addressed to realize the potential of WBG semiconductors and power electronics for carbon neutrality. Power semiconductors and power electronics have the potential to support the transition to carbon neutrality. This Review outlines advances in wide-bandgap power devices, converter circuits and power applications, and their potential to reduce carbon emissions from electricity generation, ground transport, data centres and residential heating.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"155-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pumped-storage renovation for grid-scale, long-duration energy storage","authors":"Jianjian Shen, Yue Wang, Tingjie Hao, Chuntian Cheng","doi":"10.1038/s44287-025-00143-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-025-00143-z","url":null,"abstract":"Grid-scale, long-duration energy storage has been widely recognized as an important means to address the intermittency of wind and solar power. This Comment explores the potential of using existing large-scale hydropower systems for long-duration and seasonal energy storage, highlighting technological challenges and future research directions for pumped-storage renovation.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 2","pages":"79-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tommaso Confalone, Sanaz Shokri, Flavia Lo Sardo, Valerii M. Vinokur, Kornelius Nielsch, Haider Golam, Nicola Poccia
{"title":"Challenges in the electrical engineering of cuprate twistronics","authors":"Tommaso Confalone, Sanaz Shokri, Flavia Lo Sardo, Valerii M. Vinokur, Kornelius Nielsch, Haider Golam, Nicola Poccia","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00132-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00132-8","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of stacking and twisting cuprate superconducting interfaces drives the search for emergent states in complex oxides with forbidden interfaces. However, the design of advanced coherent functional circuits is limited by the fragility of these interfaces. Here, we discuss the experimental steps needed to solve this challenge.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 2","pages":"73-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Happy birthday, Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00133-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00133-7","url":null,"abstract":"With the celebration of our first anniversary, the team reflects on a successful year of delivering cutting-edge insights in electrical engineering while continuing the mission of shaping the future of the field through expert reviews, perspectives and comments.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44287-024-00133-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 3D buffer memory for AI and machine learning","authors":"Maarten Rosmeulen","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00138-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00138-2","url":null,"abstract":"The recent introduction of the compute express link (CXL) memory interface provides opportunities for new memories to complement dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) in data-intensive compute applications. Research at imec shows that a 3D-integrated charge-coupled-device (CCD)-based memory with IGZO conduction channel is an excellent candidate.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 2","pages":"75-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-resolution colour and range image capture on a single chip","authors":"Silvia Conti","doi":"10.1038/s44287-024-00137-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44287-024-00137-3","url":null,"abstract":"An article presented at the 2024 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting describes a single-chip image sensor with simultaneous colour and ranging information capabilities.","PeriodicalId":501701,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"11-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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