{"title":"Lattice-based stochastic models motivate non-linear diffusion descriptions of memory-based dispersal.","authors":"Yifei Li, Matthew J Simpson, Chuncheng Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00285-025-02211-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00285-025-02211-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of memory and cognition in the movement of individuals (e.g. animals) within a population, is thought to play an important role in population dispersal. In response, there has been increasing interest in incorporating spatial memory effects into classical partial differential equation (PDE) models of animal dispersal. However, the specific detail of the transport terms, such as diffusion and advection terms, that ought to be incorporated into PDE models to accurately reflect the memory effect remains unclear. To bridge this gap, we propose a straightforward lattice-based model where the movement of individuals depends on both crowding effects and the historic distribution within the simulation. The advantage of working with the individual-based model is that it is straightforward to propose and implement memory effects within the simulation in a way that is more biologically intuitive than simply proposing heuristic extensions of classical PDE models. Through deriving the continuum limit description of our stochastic model, we obtain a novel nonlinear diffusion equation which encompasses memory-based diffusion terms. For the first time we reveal the relationship between memory-based diffusion and the individual-based movement mechanisms that depend upon memory effects. Through repeated stochastic simulation and numerical explorations of the mean-field PDE model, we show that the new PDE model accurately describes the expected behaviour of the stochastic model, and we also explore how memory effects impact population dispersal.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"90 5","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frank Ball, Abid Ali Lashari, David Sirl, Pieter Trapman
{"title":"Modelling the spread of two successive SIR epidemics on a configuration model network.","authors":"Frank Ball, Abid Ali Lashari, David Sirl, Pieter Trapman","doi":"10.1007/s00285-025-02207-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00285-025-02207-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a stochastic model for two successive SIR (Susceptible <math><mo>→</mo></math> Infectious <math><mo>→</mo></math> Recovered) epidemics in the same network structured population. Individuals infected during the first epidemic might have (partial) immunity for the second one. The first epidemic is analysed through a bond percolation model, while the second epidemic is approximated by a three-type branching process in which the types of individuals depend on their position in the percolation clusters used for the first epidemic. This branching process approximation enables us to calculate, in the large population limit and conditional upon a large outbreak in the first epidemic, a threshold parameter and the probability of a large outbreak for the second epidemic. A second branching process approximation enables us to calculate the fraction of the population that are infected by such a second large outbreak. We illustrate our results through some specific cases which have appeared previously in the literature and show that our asymptotic results give good approximations for finite populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"90 5","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of random perturbations in the dynamic variability of a discrete predator-prey model: a stochastic sensitivity analysis.","authors":"Irina Bashkirtseva, Lev Ryashko","doi":"10.1007/s00285-025-02213-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00285-025-02213-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A problem of identification and mathematical analysis of stochastically-induced qualitative changes in nonlinear population dynamics is considered. We study this problem on the base of a discrete prey-predator model with the Holling type II functional response. Even in the deterministic case, this model exhibits a rich regular and chaotic behavior, including bistability. We study different noise-induced scenarios with transitions between regimes of persistence and extinction. In this study, we show a key role of geometry of basins of attraction and specific chaotic transients. In parametric analysis of the noise-induced extinction, the stochastic sensitivity technique and confidence domains method are used. This new mathematical method sheds light on the intrinsic mechanisms of noise-induced phenomena in population dynamics. We show how random fluctuations in the parameter of predator growth rate contract persistence zones of both prey and predator.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"90 5","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extinction and persistence of a stochastic tumor-normal-immune model with periodically pulsed chemotherapy treatment.","authors":"Nabyl Bajja, Driss Seghir","doi":"10.1007/s00285-025-02215-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00285-025-02215-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we introduced a stochastic tumor-normal-immune dynamical system with periodically pulsed chemotherapy to investigate the impact of environmental noise on tumor evolution. By utilizing theorems from impulsive stochastic differential equations, we analyzed tumor-free and globally positive solutions within the proposed framework. Our findings demonstrated that the expected solutions remained bounded. Additionally, we derived sufficient conditions for various tumor outcomes, including extinction, non-persistence in the mean, weak persistence in the mean, and stochastic persistence. Finally, we validated our results through comprehensive computer simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"90 5","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephen Becklin, Yu Jin, Richard Rebarber, Brigitte Tenhumberg
{"title":"Spatial dynamics of a pest population with stage-structure and control.","authors":"Stephen Becklin, Yu Jin, Richard Rebarber, Brigitte Tenhumberg","doi":"10.1007/s00285-025-02208-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00285-025-02208-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We study an integro-difference model for a pest population that is divided into four life stages. In the model, spatial spread of the population is described by an integral convolution and pest control is applied to each population stage. When the spatial domain is infinite, we establish the spreading speeds and existence of traveling waves; when the spatial domain is finite, we first establish threshold conditions in terms of the principal eigenvalue of an associated eigenvalue problem to determine population persistence and extinction, and then define the net reproductive rate and use it to develop equivalent threshold conditions for persistence and extinction. The cases where the reproduction function is monotone and where it is nonmonotone are both investigated. Numerical simulations show that the larger the control effectiveness is the easier to eradicate the pest population and that the same control effectiveness on different stages may yield different population dynamics in the long-term.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"90 5","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ben S Ashby, Veronika Chronholm, Daniel K Hajnal, Alex Lukyanov, Katherine MacKenzie, Aaron Pim, Tristan Pryer
{"title":"Efficient proton transport modelling for proton beam therapy and biological quantification.","authors":"Ben S Ashby, Veronika Chronholm, Daniel K Hajnal, Alex Lukyanov, Katherine MacKenzie, Aaron Pim, Tristan Pryer","doi":"10.1007/s00285-025-02212-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00285-025-02212-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, we present a fundamental mathematical model for proton transport, tailored to capture the key physical processes underpinning Proton Beam Therapy (PBT). The model provides a robust and computationally efficient framework for exploring various aspects of PBT, including dose delivery, linear energy transfer, treatment planning and the evaluation of relative biological effectiveness. Our findings highlight the potential of this model as a complementary tool to more complex and computationally intensive simulation techniques currently used in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"90 5","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Complex dynamics in plant-pollinator-parasite interactions: facultative versus obligate behaviors and novel bifurcations.","authors":"Tao Feng, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00285-025-02210-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00285-025-02210-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the dynamics of plant-pollinator interactions is crucial for maintaining ecosystem stability and biodiversity. In this paper, we formulate a novel tripartite plant-pollinator-parasite model that incorporates the influence of parasites on mutualistic relationships. Our model consists of the plant-pollinator subsystem, which exhibits equilibrium dynamics with up to four bistable states; the pollinator-parasite subsystem, where stability is significantly affected by pollinator density and growth rate; and the complete system combining all three species. We perform comprehensive mathematical and bifurcation analyses on both the subsystems and the full system. We have many interesting findings, including that (1) plant-pollinator-parasite interactions are dependent on the properties of plants and pollinators (i.e., facultative or obligate interactions). For example, systems with facultative pollinators are more likely to exhibit multistability and periodic oscillations, thereby enhancing resilience, whereas scenarios with obligate pollinators are more likely to lead to system collapse. (2) Critical parameters such as parasite mortality and conversion rates can drive complex behaviors, including supercritical and subcritical Hopf bifurcations, saddle-node bifurcations, chaos, and heteroclinic orbits. Notably, we introduce three new concepts-the left bow, right bow, and wave bow phenomena-to characterize variations in oscillation amplitude resulting from parameter bifurcations. These important results provide theoretical guidance for ecological management strategies aimed at enhancing ecosystem resilience and stability by considering the complex interactions among plants, pollinators, and parasites.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"90 5","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sean Dewar, Georg Grasegger, Kaie Kubjas, Fatemeh Mohammadi, Anthony Nixon
{"title":"Single-cell 3D genome reconstruction in the haploid setting using rigidity theory.","authors":"Sean Dewar, Georg Grasegger, Kaie Kubjas, Fatemeh Mohammadi, Anthony Nixon","doi":"10.1007/s00285-025-02203-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00285-025-02203-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article considers the problem of 3-dimensional genome reconstruction for single-cell data, and the uniqueness of such reconstructions in the setting of haploid organisms. We consider multiple graph models as representations of this problem, and use techniques from graph rigidity theory to determine identifiability. Biologically, our models come from Hi-C data, microscopy data, and combinations thereof. Mathematically, we use unit ball and sphere packing models, as well as models consisting of distance and inequality constraints. In each setting, we describe and/or derive new results on realisability and uniqueness. We then propose a 3D reconstruction method based on semidefinite programming and apply it to synthetic and real data sets using our models.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"90 4","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mathematical modelling and analysis of the adaptive dynamics in mosquito populations: uniform persistence of malaria infection.","authors":"Bassirou Diop, Arnaud Ducrot, Ousmane Seydi","doi":"10.1007/s00285-025-02206-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00285-025-02206-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, we present a mathematical model for the spread of malaria, incorporating key factors such as human populations, mosquito behavior, and the mosquitoes' plasticity and adaptation to control measures like widespread insecticide-treated mosquito nets and indoor residual spraying. Through analysis of the model, we identify and describe the convergence and persistence properties of the solutions, leveraging a small parameter that represents the interactions between mosquitoes in relation to their activity patterns. In our analysis, we extend some ideas from the theory of uniform persistence to the case of semiflow without dissipativity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"90 4","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11946979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sackin indices for labeled and unlabeled classes of galled trees.","authors":"Michael Fuchs, Bernhard Gittenberger","doi":"10.1007/s00285-025-02205-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00285-025-02205-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Sackin index is an important measure for the balance of phylogenetic trees. We investigate two extensions of the Sackin index to the class of galled trees and two of its subclasses, namely simplex galled trees and normal galled trees, where for all classes we consider both labeled and unlabeled galled trees. In all cases, we show that the mean of the Sackin index for a network which is uniformly sampled from its class is asymptotic to <math><mrow><mi>μ</mi> <msup><mi>n</mi> <mrow><mn>3</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>2</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math> for an explicit constant <math><mi>μ</mi></math> . In addition, we show that the scaled Sackin index converges weakly and with all its moments to the Airy distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"90 4","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11933161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}