{"title":"Dynamical analysis of a general delayed HBV infection model with capsids and adaptive immune response in presence of exposed infected hepatocytes","authors":"Severin Foko","doi":"10.1007/s00285-024-02096-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-024-02096-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this paper is to develop and investigate a novel mathematical model of the dynamical behaviors of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The model includes exposed infected hepatocytes, intracellular HBV DNA-containing capsids, uses a general incidence function for viral infection covering a variety of special cases available in the literature, and describes the interaction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes that kill the infected hepatocytes and the magnitude of B-cells that send antibody immune defense to neutralize free virions. Further, one time delay is incorporated to account for actual capsids production. The other time delays are used to account for maturation of capsids and free viruses. We start with the analysis of the proposed model by establishing the local and global existence, uniqueness, non-negativity and boundedness of solutions. After defined the threshold parameters, we discuss the stability properties of all possible steady state constants by using the crafty Lyapunov functionals, the LaSalle’s invariance principle and linearization methods. The impacts of the three time delays on the HBV infection transmission are discussed through local and global sensitivity analysis of the basic reproduction number and of the classes of infected states. Finally, an application is provided and numerical simulations are performed to illustrate and interpret the theoretical results obtained. It is suggested that, a good strategy to eradicate or to control HBV infection within a host should concentrate on any drugs that may prolong the values of the three delays.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140837927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transmission dynamics of a reaction–advection–diffusion dengue fever model with seasonal developmental durations and intrinsic incubation periods","authors":"Yijie Zha, Weihua Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s00285-024-02089-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-024-02089-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, we propose a reaction–advection–diffusion dengue fever model with seasonal developmental durations and intrinsic incubation periods. Firstly, we establish the well-posedness of the model. Secondly, we define the basic reproduction number <span>( Re _{0} )</span> for this model and show that <span>( {Re _0} )</span> is a threshold parameter: if <span>( {Re _0} <1 )</span>, then the disease-free periodic solution is globally attractive; if <span>( {Re _0}>1 )</span>, the system is uniformly persistent. Thirdly, we study the global attractivity of the positive steady state when the spatial environment is homogeneous and the advection of mosquitoes is ignored. As an example, we use the model to investigate the dengue fever transmission case in Guangdong Province, China, and explore the impact of model parameters on <span>( Re _{0})</span>. Our findings indicate that ignoring seasonality may underestimate <span>(Re _0)</span>. Additionally, the spatial heterogeneity of transmission may increase the risk of disease transmission, while the increase of seasonal developmental durations, intrinsic incubation periods and advection rates can all reduce the risk of disease transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140837898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling insect growth regulators for pest management","authors":"Yijun Lou, Ruiwen Wu","doi":"10.1007/s00285-024-02091-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-024-02091-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Insect growth regulators (IGRs) have been developed as effective control measures against harmful insect pests to disrupt their normal development. This study is to propose a mathematical model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of IGRs for pest management. The key features of the model include the temperature-dependent growth of insects and realistic impulsive IGRs releasing strategies. The impulsive releases are carefully modeled by counting the number of implements during an insect’s temperature-dependent development duration, which introduces a surviving probability determined by a product of terms corresponding to each release. Dynamical behavior of the model is illustrated through dynamical system analysis and a threshold-type result is established in terms of the net reproduction number. Further numerical simulations are performed to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of IGRs to control populations of harmful insect pests. It is interesting to observe that the time-changing environment plays an important role in determining an optimal pest control scheme with appropriate release frequencies and time instants.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140809040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wolbachia invasion dynamics of a random mosquito population model with imperfect maternal transmission and incomplete CI","authors":"Hui Wan, Yin Wu, Guihong Fan, Dan Li","doi":"10.1007/s00285-024-02094-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-024-02094-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, we formulate a random <i>Wolbachia</i> invasion model incorporating the effects of imperfect maternal transmission and incomplete cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). Under constant environments, we obtain the following results: Firstly, the complete invasion equilibrium of <i>Wolbachia</i> does not exist, and thus the population replacement is not achievable in the case of imperfect maternal transmission; Secondly, imperfect maternal transmission or incomplete CI may obliterate bistability and backward bifurcation, which leads to the failure of <i>Wolbachia</i> invasion, no matter how many infected mosquitoes would be released; Thirdly, the threshold number of the infected mosquitoes to be released would increase with the decrease of the maternal transmission rate or the intensity of CI effect. In random environments, we investigate in detail the <i>Wolbachia</i> invasion dynamics of the random mosquito population model and establish the initial release threshold of infected mosquitoes for successful invasion of <i>Wolbachia</i> into the wild mosquito population. In particular, the existence and stability of invariant probability measures for the establishment and extinction of <i>Wolbachia</i> are determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coralie Picoche, William R. Young, Frédéric Barraquand
{"title":"Local intraspecific aggregation in phytoplankton model communities: spatial scales of occurrence and implications for coexistence","authors":"Coralie Picoche, William R. Young, Frédéric Barraquand","doi":"10.1007/s00285-024-02067-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-024-02067-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The coexistence of multiple phytoplankton species despite their reliance on similar resources is often explained with mean-field models assuming mixed populations. In reality, observations of phytoplankton indicate spatial aggregation at all scales, including at the scale of a few individuals. Local spatial aggregation can hinder competitive exclusion since individuals then interact mostly with other individuals of their own species, rather than competitors from different species. To evaluate how microscale spatial aggregation might explain phytoplankton diversity maintenance, an individual-based, multispecies representation of cells in a hydrodynamic environment is required. We formulate a three-dimensional and multispecies individual-based model of phytoplankton population dynamics at the Kolmogorov scale. The model is studied through both simulations and the derivation of spatial moment equations, in connection with point process theory. The spatial moment equations show a good match between theory and simulations. We parameterized the model based on phytoplankters’ ecological and physical characteristics, for both large and small phytoplankton. Defining a zone of potential interactions as the overlap between nutrient depletion volumes, we show that local species composition—within the range of possible interactions—depends on the size class of phytoplankton. In small phytoplankton, individuals remain in mostly monospecific clusters. Spatial structure therefore favours intra- over inter-specific interactions for small phytoplankton, contributing to coexistence. Large phytoplankton cell neighbourhoods appear more mixed. Although some small-scale self-organizing spatial structure remains and could influence coexistence mechanisms, other factors may need to be explored to explain diversity maintenance in large phytoplankton.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140806137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yogesh Bali, Vijay Pal Bajiya, Jai Prakash Tripathi, Anuj Mubayi
{"title":"Exploring data sources and mathematical approaches for estimating human mobility rates and implications for understanding COVID-19 dynamics: a systematic literature review","authors":"Yogesh Bali, Vijay Pal Bajiya, Jai Prakash Tripathi, Anuj Mubayi","doi":"10.1007/s00285-024-02082-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-024-02082-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Human mobility, which refers to the movement of people from one location to another, is believed to be one of the key factors shaping the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic. There are multiple reasons that can change human mobility patterns, such as fear of an infection, control measures restricting movement, economic opportunities, political instability, etc. Human mobility rates are complex to estimate as they can occur on various time scales, depending on the context and factors driving the movement. For example, short-term movements are influenced by the daily work schedule, whereas long-term trends can be due to seasonal employment opportunities. The goal of the study is to perform literature review to: (i) identify relevant data sources that can be used to estimate human mobility rates at different time scales, (ii) understand the utilization of variety of data to measure human movement trends under different contexts of mobility changes, and (iii) unraveling the associations between human mobility rates and social determinants of health affecting COVID-19 disease dynamics. The systematic review of literature was carried out to collect relevant articles on human mobility. Our study highlights the use of three major sources of mobility data: public transit, mobile phones, and social surveys. The results also provides analysis of the data to estimate mobility metrics from the diverse data sources. All major factors which directly and indirectly influenced human mobility during the COVID-19 spread are explored. Our study recommends that (a) a significant balance between primitive and new estimated mobility parameters need to be maintained, (b) the accuracy and applicability of mobility data sources should be improved, (c) encouraging broader interdisciplinary collaboration in movement-based research is crucial for advancing the study of COVID-19 dynamics among scholars from various disciplines.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carles Barril, Àngel Calsina, Odo Diekmann, József Z. Farkas
{"title":"On hierarchical competition through reduction of individual growth","authors":"Carles Barril, Àngel Calsina, Odo Diekmann, József Z. Farkas","doi":"10.1007/s00285-024-02084-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-024-02084-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We consider a population organised hierarchically with respect to size in such a way that the growth rate of each individual depends only on the presence of larger individuals. As a concrete example one might think of a forest, in which the incidence of light on a tree (and hence how fast it grows) is affected by shading by taller trees. The classic formulation of a model for such a size-structured population employs a first order quasi-linear partial differential equation equipped with a non-local boundary condition. However, the model can also be formulated as a delay equation, more specifically a scalar renewal equation, for the population birth rate. After discussing the well-posedness of the delay formulation, we analyse how many stationary birth rates the equation can have in terms of the functional parameters of the model. In particular we show that, under reasonable and rather general assumptions, only one stationary birth rate can exist besides the trivial one (associated to the state in which there are no individuals and the population birth rate is zero). We give conditions for this non-trivial stationary birth rate to exist and analyse its stability using the principle of linearised stability for delay equations. Finally, we relate the results to the alternative, partial differential equation formulation of the model.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo Almaraz, Piotr Kalita, José A. Langa, Fernando Soler–Toscano
{"title":"Structural stability of invasion graphs for Lotka–Volterra systems","authors":"Pablo Almaraz, Piotr Kalita, José A. Langa, Fernando Soler–Toscano","doi":"10.1007/s00285-024-02087-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-024-02087-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, we study in detail the structure of the global attractor for the Lotka–Volterra system with a Volterra–Lyapunov stable structural matrix. We consider the invasion graph as recently introduced in Hofbauer and Schreiber (J Math Biol 85:54, 2022) and prove that its edges represent all the heteroclinic connections between the equilibria of the system. We also study the stability of this structure with respect to the perturbation of the problem parameters. This allows us to introduce a definition of structural stability in ecology in coherence with the classical mathematical concept where there exists a detailed geometrical structure, robust under perturbation, that governs the transient and asymptotic dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140616912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruilin Zhang, Zhongyi Wang, Tianyi Wu, Yuhang Cai, Louis Tao, Zhuo-Cheng Xiao, Yao Li
{"title":"Learning spiking neuronal networks with artificial neural networks: neural oscillations","authors":"Ruilin Zhang, Zhongyi Wang, Tianyi Wu, Yuhang Cai, Louis Tao, Zhuo-Cheng Xiao, Yao Li","doi":"10.1007/s00285-024-02081-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-024-02081-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>First-principles-based modelings have been extremely successful in providing crucial insights and predictions for complex biological functions and phenomena. However, they can be hard to build and expensive to simulate for complex living systems. On the other hand, modern data-driven methods thrive at modeling many types of high-dimensional and noisy data. Still, the training and interpretation of these data-driven models remain challenging. Here, we combine the two types of methods to model stochastic neuronal network oscillations. Specifically, we develop a class of artificial neural networks to provide faithful surrogates to the high-dimensional, nonlinear oscillatory dynamics produced by a spiking neuronal network model. Furthermore, when the training data set is enlarged within a range of parameter choices, the artificial neural networks become generalizable to these parameters, covering cases in distinctly different dynamical regimes. In all, our work opens a new avenue for modeling complex neuronal network dynamics with artificial neural networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140617153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of age-structured vaccination strategies for curbing the disease spread","authors":"Junyuan Yang, Miao Zhou, Zhaosheng Feng","doi":"10.1007/s00285-024-02085-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-024-02085-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Age structure is one of the crucial factors in characterizing the heterogeneous epidemic transmission. Vaccination is regarded as an effective control measure for prevention and control epidemics. Due to the shortage of vaccine capacity during the outbreak of epidemics, how to design vaccination policy has become an urgent issue in suppressing the disease transmission. In this paper, we make an effort to propose an age-structured SVEIHR model with the disease-caused death to take account of dynamics of age-related vaccination policy for better understanding disease spread and control. We present an explicit expression of the basic reproduction number <span>(mathscr {R}_0)</span>, which determines whether or not the disease persists, and then establish the existence and stability of endemic equilibria under certain conditions. Numerical simulations are illustrated to show that the age-related vaccination policy has a tremendous influence on curbing the disease transmission. Especially, vaccination of people over 65 is better than for people aged 21–65 in terms of rapid eradication of the disease in Italy.</p>","PeriodicalId":50148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140600767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}