Aaron Brown BS , Joseph Price PhD , Joanne Guthrie PhD, MPH
{"title":"Using Web Scraping as a Tool to Collect School Nutrition Data","authors":"Aaron Brown BS , Joseph Price PhD , Joanne Guthrie PhD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.05.199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.05.199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>Web scraping, a technique for collecting publicly available online data, may facilitate collecting school meal<span> data from large, national samples of school districts in a timely, cost-effective manner. We explore its potential by examining the variation in sodium content of 2 popular entrees served through the US Department of Agriculture’s </span></span><em>National School Lunch Program</em><span>—pizza and chicken nuggets. Daily school menu data were obtained from a national sample of school districts via web scraping. Linking web scraped data to publicly available data on school districts permitted examination of entree sodium content variation across school district geographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Such information may assist nutrition professionals in targeting efforts to meet school nutrition menu objectives. Other potential applications are discussed.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":"57 9","pages":"Pages 831-841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neha K. Lalchandani PhD , Caroline Miller PhD , Clare Hume PhD , Shona Crabb PhD
{"title":"Family Perspectives on Packing a Low-Waste and Nutritious School Lunchbox","authors":"Neha K. Lalchandani PhD , Caroline Miller PhD , Clare Hume PhD , Shona Crabb PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore family perspectives on food, packaging, and waste in lunchboxes, and the everyday practices of lunchbox packing and consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Exploratory qualitative study using semistructured interviews guided by a critical realist epistemology.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Online interviews with South Australian families.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Self-selected sample of 16 parents (94% mothers) and their children aged 8–12 years in primary school grades third through sixth (60% female) from public (75%) and private schools (25%) across medium (38%) and high (62%) socioeconomic backgrounds.</div></div><div><h3>Phenomenon of Interest and Variables</h3><div>Factors influencing preparation of a nutritious and low-waste school lunchbox.</div></div><div><h3>Analysis</h3><div>Data were analyzed inductively using a reflexive thematic approach to identify major themes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three major themes were generated: (1) extrinsic factors and school environment structures, (2) intrinsic factors and a Hierarchy of Motivations, and (3) responsibility for change. External factors influenced familial lunchbox packing practices, whereas personal priorities shaped food and packaging choices. Families emphasized shared responsibility for improving nutrition and reducing packaging between parents, schools, and broader systems.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and Implications</h3><div>This study provides updated insights into family lunchbox practices. Preexisting challenges in lunchbox practices deter prioritization of environmental sustainability. School-level initiatives should address barriers and leverage enablers to support families. Further research is needed to integrate nutrition and sustainability agendas and clarify responsibility for driving change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":"57 9","pages":"Pages 809-820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tia R. Benally MPH , Kelli W. Begay MS, MBA, RDN , Lydia Kim MD, MPH , Preyanka Makadia DO , Amanda M. Fretts PhD , Cassandra J. Nguyen PhD
{"title":"Culturally-Informed Food Insecurity Screening: Evidence From Northern Navajo Medical Center","authors":"Tia R. Benally MPH , Kelli W. Begay MS, MBA, RDN , Lydia Kim MD, MPH , Preyanka Makadia DO , Amanda M. Fretts PhD , Cassandra J. Nguyen PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.05.201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.05.201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop and evaluate an alternative strengths-based and culturally-informed screener for food security among American Indian respondents.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Two-phase mixed methods sequential exploratory study with a qualitative phase followed by a quantitative phase.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Northern Navajo Medical Center.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Twenty-five qualitative participants and 97 quantitative participants.</div></div><div><h3>Phenomenon of Interest</h3><div>Participants’ impressions of the existing food insecurity screener compared with an alternative set of questions focused on the type and amount of food consumed.</div></div><div><h3>Analysis</h3><div>Cognitive interviews were thematically analyzed and integrated with mixed methods in developing the quantitative survey, and survey responses on the 2 food insecurity screening questionnaires were analyzed for equivalent-form reliability with a Pearson correlation coefficient.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of food insecurity was high. Interviewees had concerns about the existing screener. Respondents provided suggestions for alternative food security questions. When feedback was integrated into the alternative screener for the quantitative phase, the correlation between screeners was weak to moderate (0.3).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and Implications</h3><div>Findings suggest the screeners may be collecting data related to unique concepts. Rampant food insecurity supports the need for future food access initiatives in the Navajo Nation to provide a foundation for a food-secure future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":"57 9","pages":"Pages 842-853"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Facilitation of the Motivational Pathway Linking Physical Activity and Eating Behavior in Children: A Longitudinal Study Based on Self-Determination Theory.","authors":"Mathieu Gourlan, Jordan Guéritat","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To address the lack of empirical studies exploring whether autonomous motivation (i.e., engaging in a behavior with a full sense of volition and choice) toward physical activity (AutMot PA) and eating behavior (AutMot Eat) are linked in children. Specifically, this study tested reciprocal and moderated cross-behavioral motivational pathways between these behaviors based on self-determination theory.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A 7-month longitudinal study with 2 measurement times (T1 and T2).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Children from French primary schools.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A sample of 180 children aged 7-11 years (mean age, 9.8 ± 0.56 years).</p><p><strong>Variables measured: </strong>Children's AutMot PA and AutMot Eat, eating behavior, and physical activity (PA) practice assessed by questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Analysis: </strong>Path analyses to explore determinants of eating behavior and PA practice at T2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses revealed no significant reciprocal link over time between AutMot PA and AutMot Eat (P > 0.05). However, a significant interaction between AutMot PA and AutMot Eat at T1 on AutMot Eat at T2 was found (β = 0.17, P = 0.02). AutMot PA at T1 was significantly linked to AutMot Eat at T2 (β = 0.47, P = 0.02), but only when the level of AutMot Eat at T1 was high.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications: </strong>Although motivational transfer between PA and eating behavior is not systematic in children, interventions aiming to promote both behaviors may benefit from first strengthening AutMot Eat, as it may facilitate the motivational pathway from PA to eating behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katharina C Fiedler, Reka Vasicsek, Maya Ezekiel, Celeste Felix, Danielle L Lee, Hannah Thompson, Wendi Gosliner, Stephanie Willits, Kristine Madsen, Lorrene D Ritchie
{"title":"A Qualitative Exploration of Parent and School Staff Perceptions of Freshly Prepared Meals and Food Waste Implications in California Elementary Schools.","authors":"Katharina C Fiedler, Reka Vasicsek, Maya Ezekiel, Celeste Felix, Danielle L Lee, Hannah Thompson, Wendi Gosliner, Stephanie Willits, Kristine Madsen, Lorrene D Ritchie","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Explore parent and school staff perceptions of freshly prepared school lunches.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional qualitative study, occurring May through June, 2024.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Urban California elementary schools that recently introduced freshly prepared lunches.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Parents (n = 23) participated in 5 virtual focus groups, convenience sampled; school staff (n = 19) participated in interviews, purposively sampled.</p><p><strong>Phenomenon of interest: </strong>Perceptions of scratch cooking.</p><p><strong>Analysis: </strong>Verbatim transcripts were coded and analyzed using the framework method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants believed the freshly prepared meals transition was successful, citing new menu items, helpful foodservice staff, and universal school meals as beneficial. Freshly prepared meals were positively perceived as creating healthier options and increasing the cultural diversity of the menu. Participants were concerned about food waste implications, and identified reasons including requirements to serve all entree components and large serving sizes, limited lunch time, students changing their minds on lunch order, foods not cooked properly or served at the right temperature, and menu criticism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications: </strong>Parents and school staff broadly endorse more freshly prepared school lunch options. Our findings support investment in on-site kitchen infrastructure and training for foodservice staff in scratch-cooking techniques to support elementary schools in providing more desirable, fresh foods and reducing waste from school lunch.</p>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katharina C Fiedler, Danielle L Lee, Jessica Rangel, Rebeca Oropeza, Elsa Esparza, Celeste Felix, Loan Kim, Georgia Machell, Lorrene D Ritchie
{"title":"WIC Participant Perspectives: Facilitated by Social Support, Challenged by Shopping Barriers.","authors":"Katharina C Fiedler, Danielle L Lee, Jessica Rangel, Rebeca Oropeza, Elsa Esparza, Celeste Felix, Loan Kim, Georgia Machell, Lorrene D Ritchie","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Characterize the facilitators and barriers to participation in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), among WIC participants, given recent program changes and underutilization.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Qualitative data collected in April through May, 2024.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Eleven virtual focus groups and 2 interviews.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>English- and Spanish-speaking WIC participants (n = 44) randomly selected from a survey (n = 631) conducted in 19 states, 1 Indian Tribal Organization, and 1 US territory.</p><p><strong>Phenomenon of interest: </strong>Facilitators and barriers to WIC participation, retention, and benefit redemption.</p><p><strong>Analysis: </strong>Verbatim transcripts coded and analyzed using grounded theory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Facilitators of WIC participation included supportive WIC services, particularly WIC foods, nutrition education, especially for new parents, and breastfeeding support, as well as the provision of social support and the building of social capital, especially for women experiencing major life transitions. Barriers included limited initial understanding of WIC, misperceptions of benefits, and challenging shopping experiences, such as finding WIC-eligible foods and stigma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications: </strong>Participants value WIC staff, programming, and social support, but misperceptions and negative shopping experiences remain barriers to participation. Highlighting opportunities for building social capital and expanding shopping options, such as self-checkout and online ordering, could improve retention and benefit usage, warranting further research amid WIC food package changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julie M Wood, Emily Denniss, Rebecca Lindberg, Alison O Booth, Claire Margerison
{"title":"The Suitability, Readability, and Accuracy of Food Security Resources for Refugees Resettling in Australia.","authors":"Julie M Wood, Emily Denniss, Rebecca Lindberg, Alison O Booth, Claire Margerison","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Refugees are highly susceptible to food insecurity during resettlement, a time when access to quality information is vital. This study's objective was to analyze a national sample of food security information resources' suitability, accuracy, and currency for refugee populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resources were categorized and then analyzed using Suitability Assessment of Materials; Simple Measure of Gobbledygook; and currency, relevance, accuracy, authority, and purpose.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nearly 70% of resources were developed by government departments or agencies and topic range was limited across the 184 unique resources. Nearly all resources were suitable, accurate, and current. However, 96% were above the readability threshold recommended for refugee populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications: </strong>Resources rated well but were challenging to access in terms of readability. Extensive work is required to improve refugee food security resources using existing assets, in future resource development, and via further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eating Competence is Related to Early Childhood Educators' Body-Related Perceptions and Behaviors and Division of Responsibility Adherence.","authors":"Cristen L Harris, Kana Ogaki, Chris Mornick","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.07.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2025.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore relationships between training type, adherence to the Satter Division of Responsibility (sDOR, a specialized form of responsive feeding), health and body-related perceptions and behaviors, and eating competence (EC) in early childhood education (ECE) providers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Exploratory, cross-sectional study with a self-administered online survey from a convenience sample of ECE providers (n = 474) who had participated in the Nurturing Young Eaters vs other training in the state of Washington.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant relationship was found between training type and ECE providers' adherence to the sDOR (P = 0.52). Participants who perceived their general health to be excellent (P < 0.001), their weight to be just right/somewhat underweight (P < 0.001), or had not dieted within the past 3 years (P = 0.007) had higher EC. There was a positive correlation between EC and sDOR (r = 0.133, P = 0.006).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications: </strong>Providers' EC and attitudes about their health and weight are associated with how they feed children in their care. Future interventions with ECE providers may benefit from addressing providers' EC and body-related perceptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allison L B Shapiro, Megan C Lawless, Susan L Johnson
{"title":"Child, Caregiver, and Household Factors Associated With Children's Dietary Diversity During the Complementary Feeding Period.","authors":"Allison L B Shapiro, Megan C Lawless, Susan L Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess dietary diversity among foods offered to infants and toddlers in the US and to identify child, caregiver, and household characteristics associated with patterns of diversity in children's dietary exposures during the complementary feeding period.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional survey of complementary feeding practices.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Participants were recruited via Qualtrics in January 2022.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Caregivers (n = 344 [70.3%] female; aged 31.5 ± 6.3 years) of children aged 4-26 months (aged 17.1 ± 6.7 months; 41.6% female) completed the survey.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes measures: </strong>Foods offered over the last month by food frequency questionnaire and patterns of diet diversity identified via latent class analysis.</p><p><strong>Analysis: </strong>Multinomial ordinal logistic regression models tested associations between child, caregiver, and household variables and patterns of children's diet diversity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three patterns of diet diversity were identified: low, moderate, and high. Child age, sex, and type of milk feeding were significantly associated with high diet diversity, such that older child age (odds ratio [OR], 1.10 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.14]) and receiving combined human milk and formula (vs none; OR, 2.91 [95% CI, 1.60-5.38]) were associated with high diet diversity, and being female was negatively associated with high diet diversity (vs male; OR, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.36-0.85]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications: </strong>Although older children were offered a greater diversity of complementary feeding, the kinds of complementary foods included to arrive at the high level of diversity varied considerably. Messaging focused on the introduction of a diversity of nutrient-dense foods is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexa Parra, Jazmin Ramirez, Tayla von Ash, Cynthia N Lebron
{"title":"Fact-Checking #Breastfeeding: Analyzing TikTok Videos Related to Breastfeeding Information.","authors":"Alexa Parra, Jazmin Ramirez, Tayla von Ash, Cynthia N Lebron","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2025.07.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2025.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically characterize and fact-check breastfeeding-related content on TikTok and assess its accuracy against established evidence-based recommendations.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study employed quantitative content analysis to examine TikTok videos tagged with #breastfeeding to quantify breastfeeding information patterns, engagement metrics, and creator types. Only videos sharing breastfeeding information in English (regardless of country) were included. Videos were coded using a predefined framework developed by the study authors.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Engagement metrics, creator type, and video accuracy.</p><p><strong>Analysis: </strong>Interrater reliability was calculated using Cohen's kappa. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the frequency of videos in each category. A 1-way analysis of variance was applied to assess differences in engagement between evidence-based, non-evidence-based, or misinformation videos. Multivariate analysis of variance was performed to analyze differences in engagement based on video accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 224 videos analyzed, 65% were classified as evidence-based, while 32% were non-evidence-based. Misinformation outperformed the other categories in shares, saves, and views. No significant differences in engagement metrics were found between evidence-based and non-evidence-based videos.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications: </strong>These findings offer insights into how breastfeeding information is portrayed on TikTok and may inform strategies to improve the dissemination of accurate, evidence-based content on social media platforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}