Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Examining Associations Between Food Insecurity, Independent Grocery Store Usage, and Fresh Produce Intake in Detroit, MI","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Detroit, Michigan's food environment includes a high proportion of independent grocery stores, which often have limited selections, higher prices, and lower quality compared to major supermarket chains. This may lead to difficulties accessing healthy food for people who rely solely on independent grocers. There is a need to understand the relationship between food insecurity, grocery store type used, and fruit and vegetable intake in order to design effective healthy food retail interventions in independent grocery stores.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study examines the associations between food insecurity, type of grocery store used (chain vs. independent), and fruit and vegetable intake among Detroit residents.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 656 Detroit adults from December 2021 to May 2022, to examine food security status, food purchasing behaviours, fruit and vegetable intake, and demographics.</p></div><div><h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3><p>The primary outcomes were type of grocery store used and fruit and vegetable intake frequency (measured via the Dietary Screener Questionnaire). Bivariate associations were tested using chi-square tests for categorical variables or rank-sum tests for ordinal or non-normal continuous variables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results showed 33% of food-insecure individuals shopped exclusively at independent grocers, compared to 18% of food-secure individuals (p&lt;0.001). Frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption was significantly higher (p&lt;0.001) among chain store shoppers (mean of 2.4 times per day) compared with independent grocery store shoppers (2.1 times per day). Additionally, chain store patronage was associated with higher income and education, and race differed between those who shopped at independent and chain grocers (p&lt;0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Findings highlight a link between food insecurity, reduced fruit and vegetable intake, and independent grocery store use in Detroit, as well as demographic differences between chain and independent store shoppers, highlighting the need for healthy food retail interventions in these spaces.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>Wayne State University</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Increased Child and Adult Care Food Program Reimbursement Rates for Family Child Care Home Providers in California","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The federal Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) serves over 4.2 million U.S. children. Participating family childcare homes (FCCH) receive tiered reimbursements (I/II) to serve healthy foods to children in households with low-income. CACFP participation can improve the quality and affordability of childcare. During the COVID-19 pandemic, federal waivers eliminated tiers and increased reimbursements. Tier-I/II rates were $4.78/$2.29 before July 2021, $5.67/$5.67 July 2021-2023 with the waiver, and $5.21/$2.72 after July 2023 post-waiver.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Assess the impact of pandemic-waiver and perceived impact of post-waiver CACFP reimbursement rates on FCCH financial viability and meal/snack nutritional quality in California FCCHs.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>From a random sample of all licensed FCCH in California on CACFP (n=1,000 per tier), n=261 tier-I and n=257 tier-II completed surveys in English (86%) or Spanish (14%) in May-September 2023, and a subset (n=30) were interviewed.</p></div><div><h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3><p>Binary and Likert-scale responses for benefits of pandemic reimbursement rates and perceived impact upon return to tiers in July 2023 were analyzed, comparing tier results after adjusting for potential confounders using linear and logistic regression. Qualitative data were coded into themes using immersion-crystallization.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>More tier-II than tier-I FCCH reported the increased pandemic rates resulted in lower out-of-pocket food costs (65% vs 54%, p&lt;0.5), allowed for increased food variety (62% vs 47%, p&lt;0.001), improved food quality (62% vs 47%, p&lt;0.01), and facilitated CACFP best practices for serving lean proteins (p&lt;0.05) and limiting processed meats (p&lt;0.05). FCCH expected decreased food variety (71% somewhat or extremely likely) and increased childcare charges to families (70%), post-waiver. Interviews indicated CACFP ensures nutritious meals/snacks, but inflation impacts costs, and FCCH advocate for increased federal reimbursements and the elimination of tiering.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>CACFP pandemic reimbursement rates improved FCCH financial viability and meal quality. Post-waiver return to tiers and lower rates may result in decreased food variety and increased childcare charges for families, highlighting the need for sustained support to ensure quality and affordable childcare for households with low-income.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>Robert Wood Johnson Foundation</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2022 Minnesota Statewide Food Shelf Survey: Availability and Importance of Foods by Participant Characteristics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In Minnesota, more than 5.5 million visits to food shelves were reported in 2022. Examining the perceived availability of healthy and culturally acceptable foods among food shelf users by demographic characteristics may improve our understanding of how charitable food systems can contribute to nutrition security.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine if the reported availability of healthy foods at food shelves and the perceived importance of having cultural foods and cooking items (spices/oils) at the food shelf differ by sociodemographic characteristics.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>Secondary analysis of data from the 2022 Minnesota Food Shelf Survey, a cross-sectional statewide survey of food pantry shoppers, was performed. The final analytical sample consisted of 4,680 participants who visited less than monthly and who affirmed they have choice over food selection.</p></div><div><h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3><p>Availability of the five food categories (meat, poultry, and fish; fruit and vegetables; dairy; eggs; and cooking items) was dichotomized into 2 groups (Always vs. Often+Sometimes+Rarely+Never). Perceived importance of culturally specific foods/cooking items was assessed as a binary variable (Yes/No). Adjusted logistic regression models (ORs, 95% CI, p-values) determined associations between demographic characteristics and outcomes of interest: the probability of answering “Always” for availability for each food category and the probability of indicating that availability of culturally-specific or cooking items separately was important.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Non-White participants had lower odds of reporting that meat, poultry, and fish were always available than White participants (ORs 0.4-0.8, ps &lt;0.001-0.047). The odds of Asian participants reporting that fresh fruits and vegetables, dairy, and eggs were always available were lower than White participants (ORs 0.6-0.7, ps &lt; 0.008-0.04). Asian, Black, Hispanic, and male participants had higher odds of indicating the importance of culturally-specific food and cooking item availability than their counterparts (ORs 1.7-6.1, ps &lt;0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Racial inequities exist in availability of healthy and culturally-specific foods in food pantries that could be addressed via food-sourcing policies/strategies and food bank distribution efforts.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>None</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Reported Behaviors and Family History Associated With Cancer Risk Among College Students","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cancer (CA) among adolescents and young adults (AYA) presents with unique biological characteristics and histological distributions that differ from children or older adults. CA incidence among AYA (15-39 years) is on the rise despite stable rates among other patient populations, and current literature lacks a consensus as to the etiology behind this trend. Behaviors and characteristics such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, obesity, diet quality, and sedentary lifestyles have been linked to increased CA risk.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine if AYA engage in these behaviors at a higher rate compared to previous years, increasing their risk for CA.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>This descriptive, cross-sectional study collected data between 2005-2023 from a convenience sample of undergraduate students ages 18-24 years enrolled in an entry-level, general education nutrition course at a large, northeastern university.</p></div><div><h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3><p>Alcohol/tobacco/vape use, and self/family medical history were self-reported through an online survey. Dietary intake was assessed via 3-day food records and online nutrient analysis software. Daily activity level (steps/day) was measured via research-grade pedometers. Height and weight were measured in duplicate after an overnight fast by research assistants.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Most of the final sample (n=11600) were female (68.7%) and reported self or family history of CA (69.3%). Average BMI was 23.6±3.7 kg/m2, and 6.1% of students met criteria for obesity (≥30 kg/m2). Over half (57.9%) reported binge drinking within the past 30 days. While a low proportion of students reported smoking cigarettes (6.5%), almost one in four (23.3%) of students reported using an electronic vape daily or almost daily. A low proportion of students met recommendations for fruit (21.6%), vegetable (22.3%) and fiber intake (16%). Most students (74.3%) were categorized as somewhat active, and 11.4% were sedentary-low active.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While most students reported family or self-history of CA, many also reported behaviors link to increased cancer risk including binge drinking, vaping, and poor dietary quality. This data has the potential to inform interventions targeting AYA aiming to reduce CA risk.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>NIFA</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141949898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scoping Review on the Use of Parent-Child Joint Recalls Among School-Aged Children (6–11 Years)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Dietary-intake assessment among children is challenging due to developmental and cognitive immaturity hence, dietary recall is the preferred tool for use with school-aged children. National surveys usually use consensus or parent-child “joint recalls” among school-aged children. To advance the field of dietary assessment, and evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition education, there is a need to understand how joint recalls are reported in the literature.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To conduct a scoping review concerning the use of parent-child joint dietary recalls among children and the justifications/rationales provided to support their use.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Review checklist was used.</p></div><div><h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3><p>Five databases were searched (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Dietary Assessment Calibration/Validation Register) to identify articles on dietary intake assessment among children aged 6–11. All peer-reviewed studies published in English were eligible except for reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, letters, guidelines, comments, editorials, and case studies/reports.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 5,868 articles identified, 3,652 were excluded based on title and abstract. Of the 2,216 articles that underwent full-text review, 1,415 were excluded (mean age outside &gt;6 and ≤12, no joint recall, no diet recall, not English, duplicate publication, not research study, non-human study, other). Of the 801 articles remaining, 306 were unclear (lacked diet recall details), and 495 met inclusion criteria (with 210 national surveys, 225 cross-sectional studies, 36 cohort studies, 15 randomized controlled trials, and 9 case-control studies). Of these 495, 388 used joint recalls. Preliminary results showed that most (74%) did not cite a validation study to support using joint recalls.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Overall, 38% of 801 articles lacked diet recall details, and 74% of 801 articles failed to cite a reference to support using joint recalls. Results highlight a crucial gap in how the literature describes dietary recalls with school-aged children. Author guidelines to provide details concerning dietary recalls among school-aged children are needed to ensure consistency and improve diet-related nutrition research.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>None</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141949829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key Components for Effective K-12 Food and Nutrition Education: An Umbrella Review and Resulting Theoretical Framework","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A vast body of research documents the need for School-Based Food and Nutrition Education (SBFNE) to help combat the poor dietary habits of K-12 students. This study aims to consolidate that research via an umbrella review to identify SBFNE components that lead to positive dietary behavior change and then use these findings to develop a theoretical framework that can be used to develop and evaluate SBFNE.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this umbrella review is to systematically identify, integrate, and evaluate educational and programmatic components that promote positive dietary behavior changes among K-12 students, then use the results to create a theoretical framework to bridge the gap between evidence-based research and practical implementation.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>This study uses an umbrella review approach to integrate findings from literature reviews primarily conducted in K-12 educational settings. The methodology included a systematic search, selection, and evaluation of existing reviews to identify successful components and then incorporate these components into a comprehensive theoretical framework.</p></div><div><h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3><p>Identify consistent findings across literature reviews, pinpoint the gaps, and then combine these findings into a practical, theoretical framework.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Findings reveal 20 key components essential for effective SBFNE, including cultural inclusivity, interventions tailored to student's economic status, and community involvement. These components are integrated into the socioecological model because this multi-level structured framework addresses the myriad influences on health behaviors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Effective SBFNE programs require a multi-dimensional, whole-child approach beyond traditional teaching methods. Using evidence-based tools, such as the socioecological model, to integrate educational components and consider a child's environmental, cultural, and social contexts increases the likelihood that an intervention will lead to dietary behavior change. The research underscores the need for educators and policymakers to adopt a holistic approach to SBFNE, ensuring that programs bridge the gap between evidence-based research and practical implementation in K-12 SBFNE to enhance the effectiveness of school-based programs and equip students with the knowledge and skills for informed, health-promoting dietary choices.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>The Laurie M Tisch Center for Food, Education &amp; Policy</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Method Formative Evaluation of a Digital Online Grocery Shopping Assistant Among Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children Participants","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Assess the acceptability of a digital grocery shopping assistant among rural women with low income.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p><span>Simulated shopping experience, semistructured interviews</span><u>,</u> and a choice experiment.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Rural central North Carolina <span><em>Special Supplemental </em><em>Nutrition Program</em><em> for Women, Infants, and Children</em></span> clinic.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>Thirty adults (aged ≥18 years) recruited from a <em>Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children</em> clinic.</p></div><div><h3>Phenomenon of Interest</h3><p>A simulated grocery shopping experience with the Retail Online Shopping Assistant (ROSA) and mixed-methods feedback on the experience.</p></div><div><h3>Analysis</h3><p>Deductive and inductive qualitative content analysis to independently code and identify themes and patterns among interview responses and quantitative analysis of simulated shopping experience and choice experiment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Most participants liked ROSA (28/30, 93%) and found it helpful and likely to change their purchase across various food categories and at checkout. Retail Online Shopping Assistant's reminders and suggestions could reduce less healthy shopping habits and diversify food options. Participants desired dynamic suggestions and help with various health conditions. Participants preferred a racially inclusive, approachable, cartoon-like, and clinically dressed character.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions and Implications</h3><p>This formative study suggests ROSA could be a beneficial tool for facilitating healthy online grocery shopping among rural shoppers. Future research should investigate the impact of ROSA on dietary behaviors further.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Childhood and Adolescent Obesity: A Systematic Review of Parental Influence in the Home Food Environment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Childhood and adolescent obesity are a significant public health concern in the United States and globally. There are gaps in understanding the role of the home food environment (HFE) and parental influence in shaping children's eating habits and weight outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Examine the broader perspective of the HFE and its association with parenting food practices and obesity outcomes among children and adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>Using a systematic review approach, three databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Academic Search Premier) were searched using combinations of keywords, such as “parents”, “parents feeding practice”, “parental influences”, or “parental influence on food” combined with “home food environment”, “childhood obesity”, or “adolescent obesity.” Intervention or observational study designs were included if parents implement changes at home and the HFE measures were reported by the parent, adolescent, or a researcher. The included papers are peer-reviewed, full-text articles, published in English. The PRISMA checklist guided this review.</p></div><div><h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3><p>We examined parent influence within the physical (food availability) and social (parent-child interactions) domains of HFE on children's weight outcomes. For study quality assessment, three tools from the National Institute of Health were used depending on the design.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirty-three relevant studies were identified, with five rated as good quality, twelve as fair, and sixteen as poor. The most studied influential factors were parental restriction, pressure to eat, and availability of food types in the home. The social domains of HFE such as eating meals together as a family, having the TV or other media off during mealtimes, and pressure to eat were all negatively associated with childhood obesity in most studies. Most studies found no association between parental influence in the physical HFE and childhood/adolescent obesity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Targeted interventions in combating childhood obesity, focusing on the parental influence in the HFE are needed. Future research should explore bidirectional associations, multiple caregivers, and potential confounding variables to better understand the relationship between parental influence, HFE, and obesity.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>None</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141950004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grown at Home Is Always Better: Exploring Latina Mothers’ Cultural Food Practices","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Oregon State University Extension Service implements the Federally funded SNAP-Ed and EFNEP programs throughout Oregon. For nearly 20 years these programs have been operationalized as, “Las Comidas Latinas” to provided cultural nutrition education for Latinx communities. Although food insecurity continues to be a systemic challenge for these families, our work centers the strengths of the Latinx families to maintain cultural food practices.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The present mixed methods study examined the types of foods that Latina mothers kept in their homes to promote healthy eating and their preference around growing food.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>Participants were mothers aged 18 years and older, identified as Latina, and lived in two counties in Oregon. A total of 101 mothers participated in structured surveys, and 31 participated in follow-up interviews qualitative interviews to explore their food preferences and experiences with personal food production.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Results indicate that when asked about they types of foods they kept in their homes, 84% of mothers indicated having fruits always or the majority of the time, 85% indicated having vegetables always or the majority, and only 25% indicated having unhealthy foods (eg, chips) always or the majority of the time in their home. Additionally, 41% of mothers indicated growing their own food. For those who indicated not growing their own food, the 59% indicated no access to land as the reason, followed by not enough knowledge (33%), and lack of resources (26%). Similarly, qualitative findings indicate strong preference for fresh and home-grown food. The practice of growing their own food was common in their home countries, but as mothers immigrated to the U.S, they were unable to do grow their own food, because of space, time, or were not allowed to grow their own foods in their current residence.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Maintaining cultural food practices such as grown food at home can help support Latina mothers’ efforts to promote health eating and reduce food insecurity.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program – Education, Linn-Benton-Lincoln Health Equity Alliance</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security Across Income Levels","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Food security, defined as the accessibility to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets dietary needs for a healthy life, is a critical aspect of public health and socioeconomic stability that was influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study examines the relationship between income levels and food security among different households, with a specific focus on the changes induced by the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>The study design is cross-sectional utilizing collected data from August 9 to September 15, 2020, through a Qualtrics survey of 10,035 Americans aged 40-100. Food security was examined using USDA's Six-Item Short form and categorized participants as food secure or food insecure. The analysis is structured around three annual household income categories: less than $50,000, between $50,000 and $100,000, and over $100,000.</p></div><div><h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3><p>Changes in the prevalence of food security across various income levels before and since the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The Chi-square analysis revealed significant changes in food security across income levels when comparing before and since the COVID-19 pandemic (p &lt; 0.001 for all observed changes). For households earning less than $50,000 per year, there was a slight decrease in the proportion experiencing food insecurity, from 28.1% before COVID-19 to 27.6% since COVID-19. In the $50,000-$100,000 income bracket, there was a minor increase in food insecurity, with the proportion of food insecurity from 11.1 to 12.2% since the pandemic. Among households with incomes of $100,000 and above, the rate of food insecurity slightly decreased from 16.2% before COVID to 15.5% since COVID-19.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study highlights that the COVID-19 pandemic differentially affected food security across income levels, with a slight improvement for lowest earners and a marginal increase in insecurity for middle-income households. High-income groups exhibited resilience, suggesting that economic stability may buffer against food insecurity during crises. These patterns highlight the necessity for nuanced economic interventions in response to global crises.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>NIFA</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141949827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}