Journal of Radiological Protection最新文献

{"title":"Raman spectroscopy of x-ray irradiated blood plasma: a pilot study.","authors":"Amiel Beausoleil-Morrison, Xiaoke Qin, Connor McNairn, Kaitlyn Altwasser, Vinita Chauhan, Sanjeena Subedi, Sangeeta Murugkar","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/adfdef","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/adfdef","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biodosimetry is a key technique for retrospective radiation dosimetry that provides individual estimates of the absorbed dose of ionising radiation based on the detection of biological indicators. A critical challenge confronting current biodosimetry methods is the time and technical expertise needed in processing and analysing samples, therefore new high-throughput techniques are required. In this pilot study, we demonstrate a technique based on RS and multivariate analysis of peripheral blood plasma from nine healthy male and female anonymous donors for the classification and biomarker identification of<i>ex vivo</i>irradiated blood exposed to 0 (control), 5 and 20 Gy of x-ray dose. After 4 h post-exposure, the blood was centrifuged, and the blood plasma samples were immediately frozen at -80 °C. Raman spectra were measured from thawed blood plasma using a custom benchtop Raman micro-spectroscopy setup. Data were preprocessed and analysed using partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). We applied a method based on a linear mixed-effects model to compensate for the differences in covariates such as gender, age and complete blood count between donors. After covariate adjustment, the application of PLS-DA to the residual Raman spectral intensities provided improved separation in the binary classification results (0 vs. 5 and 0 vs. 20 Gy). Raman spectral biomarkers responsible for the discrimination were extracted by evaluating the coefficients of the PLS-DA loading vectors. Sparse PLS-DA was demonstrated to be a promising method that offers the potential to further narrow down the regions in the Raman spectra that are dose discriminatory.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation exposure of chest and abdomen computed tomography in pediatric trauma patients.","authors":"Daniel Rosok, Marcel Klaus Opitz, Denise Bos, Yannick Laurent Thal, Florian Behr, Marcel Alexander Drews, Raya Serger, Mathias Holtkamp, Luca Salhöfer, Marcel Dudda, Johannes Haubold, Benedikt Schaarschmidt, Bernd Schweiger, Lale Umutlu, Michael Forsting, Sebastian Zensen","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0a5a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ae0a5a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>&#xD;Combined chest and abdomen CT in pediatric trauma patients is rare and typically reserved for severely injured patients due to concerns about the potential radiation risks associated with CT in children. This study aims to analyze the radiation exposure of chest and abdomen CT in pediatric patients following trauma resuscitation.&#xD;&#xD;Materials and Methods:&#xD;A retrospective single-center study was conducted on patients aged 0-<15 years who underwent CT in the trauma resuscitation unit between 04/2020 and 08/2023. Patients were categorized into three age groups (I: 0-<5 years, II: 5-<10 years, III: 10-<15 years) and radiation exposure parameters were analyzed age-stratified. Effective dose (ED) was calculated using conversion factors and organ doses were determined through Monte Carlo simulations.&#xD;&#xD;Results:&#xD;Out of 212 pediatric patients, 62.7% (133/212) received a CT scan, with 60.2% (80/133) undergoing combined chest and abdomen CT. In 70.0% (56/80), the standard protocol was applied, complete dose data available, and these were included in the dose calculation (median age: 6.2 years; IQR: 3.9-10.5 years; 37.5% female). &#xD;Radiation exposure was as follows (median [IQR] CTDIvol, DLP, ED): chest: I: 0.7 mGy (0.5-0.8), 13 mGycm (10-16), 2.1 mSv (1.6-2.4); II: 1.4 mGy (1.1-1.9), 35 mGycm (25-49), 3.7 mSv (2.7-5.2); III: 2.7 mGy (2.2-3.2), 76 mGycm (66-95), 4.3 mSv (3.7-5.3); abdomen: I: 0.8 mGy (0.6-0.9), 24 mGycm (20-29), 2.0 mSv (1.6-2.5); II: 1.6 mGy (1.1-1.9), 60 mGycm (41-77), 3.2 mSv (2.2-4.2); III: 3.1 mGy (2.4-3.9), 143 mGycm (101-179), 4.3 mSv (3.0-5.4). In the organ dose analysis, the genital organs were particularly affected by increased radiation exposure. 16.1% (9/56) of patients were not scanned using age-adapted protocols.&#xD;&#xD;Conclusion:&#xD;Chest and abdomen CT in pediatric trauma patients can be performed with moderate radiation exposure. Nonetheless, non-adherence to age-adapted protocols highlights the need for improved compliance to ensure optimal radiation safety in pediatric trauma imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstructing Hanford worker external doses from photons for epidemiology.","authors":"M Bellamy, Helen Grogan, David Girardi, Sara Howard, Ashley Golden, Caleigh Samuels, Lawrence T Dauer","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0a59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ae0a59","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reconstruction of external photon doses is essential for credible radiation epidemiology. This article presents the methodology used to derive dose estimates for 37,012 Hanford site workers included in the Million Person Study (MPS). The approach employs historical dosimetry records from the Hanford Radiation Exposure (REX) database and a previous epidemiology study. Bias correction factors specific to dosimeter type and period of use were applied, and missing annual doses were estimated using a hierarchical nearby method. For early years with limited detection sensitivity, missed doses were quantified based on expected time period-specific low-dose distributions. The revised dose estimates resulted in lower median and mean career doses than unadjusted data, while increasing the number of person-years with nonzero dose. Sensitivity analyses assessed the influence of bias in dosimetry measurements, missed doses and gap years on dose estimates. Differences in cumulative dose estimates between unadjusted and revised annual estimates are most prominent in the early operational years due to the highest bias during that time period.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational system for extremity dosimetry in nuclear medicine.","authors":"Daniel Santiago Rondón, Niki Bergans, Lara Struelens, Filip Vanhavere, Pasquale Lombardo, Mahmoud Abdelrahman, Werner Schoonjans","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0a5b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ae0a5b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of this research is to create a computational dosimetry system to monitor the dose received by nuclear medicine (NM) workers on their extremities. The system creates multiple Monte Carlo simulations to assess the dose received in different sections of the hands. Each simulation is created based on depth camera images of the manipulation of radioactive sources, using digital twins to represent the hands of the worker and the radiation source. The position of the hands and the source is constantly recalculated using computer vision algorithms. In this paper, we explain the different components of the computational system, assessing the possible sources of uncertainty introduced by each component. As a proof of concept, we compared the dose estimated by the computational system with real dosimeter measurements for two different scenarios. The simulated dose was, on average, 51% of the measured dose.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated iodine biokinetic models for pregnancy and lactation based on the ICRP reference adult model.","authors":"Tae-Eun Kwon, Vladimir Drozdovitch, Jim Z Mai, Vibha Vij, Victor F Minenko, Sergii V Masiuk, Elizabeth K Cahoon, Choonsik Lee","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae029e","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae029e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to radioactive iodine (radioiodine) during pregnancy and lactation poses unique risks to both mothers and their offspring due to altered iodine metabolism and heightened radiosensitivity. Existing biokinetic models, such as those developed by Berkovski, have provided a foundation for understanding iodine kinetics in these physiological states but lack integration with the latest International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reference model for non-pregnant adults. In this study, we developed integrated biokinetic models for pregnancy and lactation that are structurally consistent with the ICRP Publication 137 adult iodine model. Our models account for physiological changes in renal clearance, thyroid hormone production, and iodide uptake during pregnancy, and incorporate fetal compartments for transplacental iodine transfer. The lactation model introduces a breast milk compartment to reflect iodine excretion via nursing, using observed transfer factors and milk production rates. Model predictions were validated against clinical data and compared with outputs from the Berkovski model. The proposed models demonstrated improved agreement with observed iodine concentrations in maternal blood, placenta, amniotic fluid, and breast milk, offering more accurate predictions of iodine biokinetics within the maternal body and its lactational excretion. This integrated framework allows for consistent dose estimation across non-pregnant, pregnant, and lactating states, providing a valuable tool for internal dose assessment and radiation risk analysis in vulnerable populations. Future applications include the calculation of absorbed dose coefficients for maternal and fetal organs following radioiodine exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public perceptions of radioactively contaminated waste resulting from environmental decontamination efforts after a large nuclear accident: a comparison with high-level radioactive waste and industrial waste.","authors":"Momo Takada, Kaoru Suzuki, Kosuke Shirai, Tetsuo Yasutaka","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae02a1","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae02a1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to gather practical insights into the social aspects of waste disposal following environmental decontamination after a nuclear accident. By comparing decontamination waste with high-level radioactive waste and industrial waste, we gained a clearer understanding of the public's perceptions. In March 2024, an online survey was conducted targeting people aged 20-69 in the Kanto region of Japan, with 1500 respondents assigned to each of three categories (decontamination waste, high-level radioactive waste and industrial waste), totalling 4500 participants. The survey measured the acceptability of a proposed disposal site, emotional valence, risk perception, benefit perception, stigma and trust in the relevant authorities using open-ended questions on impressions of a waste-disposal siting plan. Differences in psychological factors were analysed using structural equation modelling, and impressions were evaluated through text analysis. The survey results showed that public impressions and the impact of emotion on the acceptability of decontamination waste disposal sites were similar to high-level radioactive waste. In contrast, emotions, risk perception and acceptability of decontamination waste disposal sites were similar to those for industrial waste or positioned between industrial waste and high-level radioactive waste disposal sites. These findings suggest that winning the public's acceptance of disposal sites for decontamination waste may be less challenging than for high-level radioactive waste. However, the results also emphasise that authorities must be cautious of the public's strong aversion to nuclear issues and negative images when communicating with stakeholders and making decisions. This requires communication grounded in common language and values, along with structural support for partnerships between host and surrounding communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of reference baselines on size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) in head CT examinations.","authors":"Huanna Meng, Qingting Sun, Yihan Fan, Yuhao Zhao, Jing Wang, Lingling Wang, Baohui Liang","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae064f","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae064f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the influence of three reference baselines-specifically, supraorbitometal baseline (SOML), orbitometal baseline (OMBL), and Reid's baseline (RBL) on size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) in head computed tomography (CT), addressing limitations of conventional dose metrics that neglect baseline-dependent anatomical variations. Experiments were performed on a GE LightSpeed VCT scanner. The positioning of the head phantom corresponding to the SOML, OMBL, and RBL baselines was achieved by tilting the CT gantry and elevating the phantom. Using automatic tube current modulation, 48 imaging datasets were acquired through both axial and helical scans. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were employed to measure the eye lens dose. The SSDE(<i>z</i>) was calculated for each slice, with the central slice SSDE values denoted as SSDEcen. The volume-averaged SSDE (SSDEgro) was derived by weighted integration of the former, enabling comparative analysis of radiation dose parameters across groups. In both axial and helical scanning modes, the SOML group demonstrated lower CTDI_vol(<i>a</i>), SSDEcen, and SSDEgro compared to the OMBL and RBL group. When the gantry tilted along SOML, SSDEgro values reduced by 20.67% (vs. RBL-phantom elevation) to 32.19% (vs. OMBL-gantry tilt). Within a single scan, SSDEgro values were consistently less than the corresponding CTDI_vol(<i>a</i>), with a maximum reduction of 10.71%. Additionally, TLD measurements revealed that the eye lens radiation dose varied between 47.48 and 87.91 mGy, with the lowest dose (47.48 mGy) achieved in SOML-based axial scans using gantry tilt. This study demonstrates that the choice of reference baseline influences SSDE values in head CT imaging. Furthermore, SSDE effectively corrects the overestimation of the actual radiation dose by CTDI_vol. Based on the findings, we recommend adopting the SOML as the reference baseline in clinical practice, which reduces radiation exposure during head CT examinations and optimises ocular radiation protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional diagnostic reference levels in paediatric interventional cardiology in Latin America and the Caribbean countries.","authors":"C Ubeda, E Vano, M D Perez, R Ramirez, P Miranda, P Azcurra, M Oliveira, H Schelin, A Yagui, H Khoury, V Asfora, M Freitas, R Medeiros, D Aguirre, N Riquelme, L Cardenas, W Mosquera, A M Aristizabal, F Arias, R Gutierrez, R De la Mora, T Rivera, M C Franco, C Britton, J Zapata, P Araujo, S Donoso","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0650","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to present an updated set of regional diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for paediatric interventional cardiology procedures in Latin America and the Caribbean countries using the quantity kerma area-product (<i>P</i>_ka) and<i>P</i>_kaper body weigth, classified by age and weight groups within the framework of OPRIPALC international programme. Data based on diagnostic and therapeutic procedures were collected between December 2020 and December 2023. Regional DRLs have been set as the 3rd quartile of<i>P</i>_kacollected in 23 hospitals from 11 countries in a final sample of 2906 procedures. DRLs have been set for four age groups and five weight groups. The proposed set of regional DRLs for different diagnostic and therapeutic procedures by age and weight groups for<i>P</i>_kaquantity, were 4.3-5.4 Gy cm²(<1 yr) to 20.6-34.8 Gy cm²(10 to <16 yrs) and 3.4-4.5 Gy cm²(<5 kg) to 26.9-63.9 Gy cm²(50-< 80 kg), respectively. The proposed set of regional DRLs for<i>P</i>_ka/weight values were 0.885-1.181 Gy cm²kg^-1(<1 yr) to 0.510-0.838 Gy cm²kg^-1(10 to <16 yrs) and 0.984-1.333 Gy cm²kg^-1(<5 kg) to 0.448-1.196 Gy cm²kg^-1(50-< 80 kg), respectively. The values proposed as DRLs in OPRIPALC can be adopted by other countries and centers performing paediatric interventional cardiology procedures to compare their own dose values. The OPRIPALC methodology for establishing DRLs, with its variations and limitations, can also be considered in other regions of the world to develop their own regional DRLs.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversion coefficients and air density correction factors for new operational quantities in monoenergetic photon calibration fields.","authors":"Tomoya Tsuji, Hiroshi Yoshitomi, Sho Nishino, Fuminobu Sato, Yoshihiko Tanimura","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0597","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In response to the new operational quantities proposed in ICRU Report 95, we calculated conversion coefficients for monoenergetic photon calibration fields-specifically, the²⁴¹Am<i>γ</i>-ray calibration field and the fluorescence x-ray calibration field-both of which are listed in the annex of the ISO 4037 standard series. These coefficients were derived using the measured photon fluence spectrum. Additionally, correction factors for air density were determined for the low-energy fluorescence x-ray calibration field. Both the conversion coefficients and the air density correction factors were found to vary within the standard uncertainty specified by the ISO 4037 series.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essentials of the system of radiological protection.","authors":"Werner Rühm, Kimberly Applegate, Nobuhiko Ban, Francois Bochud, Simon Bouffler, Kun-Woo Cho, Chris Clement, Eduardo Gallego, Olga German, Gillian Hirth, Makoto Hosono, Michiaki Kai, Dominique Laurier, Senlin Liu, Nicole E Martinez, Sergey Romanov, Thierry Schneider, David G Sutton, Andrzej Wojcik","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae02a2","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae02a2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The system of radiological protection (the 'System') developed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is built on nearly a century of efforts of numerous scientists and practitioners working together internationally. It rests on three enduring pillars: science, ethics, and experience. These pillars support the three fundamental principles that shape radiological protection strategies: justification, optimisation, and application of dose limits. Of note, optimisation of protection must be understood as a flexible and context-sensitive process, which allows identification of the appropriate level of protection, not simply the lowest dose, taking into account economic, societal and environmental factors. The System has proven effective in protecting workers, patients, members of the public, and the environment in all exposure situations. Effects of high doses, where acute injuries to healthy tissue occur, are rarely observed, and mostly due to accidental situations except for unavoidable side effects of radiotherapy. At low doses, the System is supported by application of the linear-no-threshold model. This model enables prudent (that is, carefully considered given existing uncertainties) policy decisions and estimation of risks at low doses by extrapolation from epidemiological data observed at medium and high radiation doses, acknowledging uncertainty without ignoring potential harm.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}