Journal of Radiological Protection最新文献

{"title":"A broader perspective on radiation protection apron defects.","authors":"Chynnea Mariane S Alegre, Mariel M Dizon, John Federick C Yap","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/aea42c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/aea42c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":"46 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148992303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formal reply to the letter to the editor concerning the article 'Expanding the radiation monitoring network as an effective approach to reducing uncertainties in emergency response preparedness during armed conflict'.","authors":"Yu Kyrylenko, Yu Balashevska, Z Ivanov, A Myshkovska, I Shevchenko, O Pecherytsia, Yu Yesypenko, K Siegien","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae9ed2","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae9ed2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative and real-time performance of consumer-grade electronic radon monitors in a Canadian single-family home over three months.","authors":"Amanda Giang, Alexander Lemieux, Pawel Mekarski, Tianyuan Li","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/aea16a","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/aea16a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Consumer electronic radon monitors (ERMs) are increasingly used for residential screening, yet long-term field evaluations under real-world conditions remain limited. This study conducted a 98-day collocation of 15 models of ERMs (3 units each; 45 total) alongside a calibrated research-grade reference instrument (AlphaGuard PQ2000) and two alpha-track detectors (Radtrak³; Radonova) in the lowest lived-in space of an occupied single-family home in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, while concurrently recording environmental parameters, including PM_2.5, CO₂, temperature, and relative humidity. The average radon concentration reported by the reference instrument was 99 Bq m^-3, with a range from 62-141 Bq m^-3. The cumulative and real-time ERM performance was assessed using a variety of metrics. Performance varied substantially across and within models. Eight out of the fifteen models had two or more units that achieved a relative percent error (RPE) within ±25%, with the top performers achieving an RPE of 3%-5% after 13 weeks of deployment, while several other devices under- or overestimated, from negative 47% to positive 220%. Most models showed acceptable intra-model repeatability with a coefficient of variation lower than 15%. For real-time performance, top-performing ERMs achieved a root mean square error of 5-6 Bq m^-3, and moderate (<i>ρ</i>= 0.70-0.77), statistically significant Spearman-rank correlations on two-day non-overlapping averages. Overall, selected ERMs can approximate long-term cumulative average concentrations under real-world conditions, making them appropriate for long-term radon risk screening. However, the variability in ERM performance also highlights the need for regulatory oversight and independent testing to protect building occupants from a false sense of security or false alarms.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Expanding the radiation monitoring network as an effective approach to reducing uncertainties in emergency response preparedness during armed conflict, Yu Kyrylenko<i>et al</i>2025<i>J. Radiol. Prot.</i>45041511.","authors":"Azby Brown, Pavlo Tkachenko","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae9ece","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae9ece","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We note with interest the paper by Kyrylenko<i>et al</i>regarding the Ukrainian experience with radiation monitoring in armed conflict zones. While appreciative that our project is cited prominently (listed in Sec. 2 of the paper and henceforth identified therein as 'NGO SaveDnipro'), as the key personnel from NGO SaveDnipro and Safecast responsible for the planning and execution of this initiative, we would like to point out what we believe are several errors and mischaracterisations. We feel that these clarifications will further promote transparent communication with the public and relevant stakeholders regarding radiation risks in Ukraine.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation dose and risk assessment in pediatric dental CBCT: DAP-based evaluation and implications for radiation protection.","authors":"Jia-Hao Zhou, Shih-Ming Hsu, Chun-Yen Chien, Chin-Hui Wu","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae9ed0","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae9ed0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric patients are more sensitive to ionising radiation, making radiation protection a critical concern in dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). This study aimed to assess organ and effective doses and associated radiation risk in pediatric imaging, to validate the PCXMC-20Rotation Monte Carlo code against optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs), and to evaluate dose-area product (DAP) as an indicator for effective dose (<i>E</i>) and risk of exposure-induced cancer death (REID). Age-specific 5 and 10 year-old head-and-neck phantoms were manufactured by three-dimensional (3D) printing and embedded with seventeen OSLDs each. The phantoms were scanned on a CS 9000 system in panoramic mode at both ages and in 3D maxillary and mandibular CBCT mode at 10 years. DAP was recorded with a VacuDAP metre and used in PCXMC-20Rotation to calculate organ doses,<i>E</i>, and REID. In panoramic mode, differences in<i>E</i>between PCXMC and OSLD were -4.7% (5 year) and -10.7% (10 year), and organ dose rankings were generally similar. PCXMC overestimated oral mucosa dose in 3D mandibular imaging, where total<i>E</i>was approximately 3-5 times higher than in panoramic mode. DAP correlated strongly with<i>E</i>(<i>R</i>²= 0.971-0.987) and with REID (<i>R</i>²= 0.967-0.986); the highest REID (8.1 × 10^-6) was predicted for 10 year-old girls undergoing 3D mandibular CBCT. PCXMC estimated<i>E</i>within ±15% of OSLD measurements for both panoramic and 3D modes. DAP may serve as a practical indicator of<i>E</i>and REID in pediatric CBCT. From a radiation protection perspective, the findings support the use of child-specific exposure settings and DAP monitoring as approaches to minimise unnecessary radiation exposure, particularly in female pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural radionuclide distribution in Brazilian foodstuffs and radiological dose assessment of coffee and fresh produce from Southeastern Brazil.","authors":"Alessandro Mariano Domingues, Lucas Faria da Silva, Rogério de Andrade Filgueiras, Eveline Lopes Almeida, Ademir Xavier da Silva","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/aea0dc","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/aea0dc","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study quantified the activity concentrations of²²⁶Ra,²²⁸Ra,⁴⁰K, and the anthropogenic¹³⁷Cs in coffee and fresh produce from Southeastern Brazil and assessed the associated ingestion dose to consumers. Seventeen coffee samples were collected in four municipalities representing distinct geological settings, Itatiaia and Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro state) and Poços de Caldas and Mariana (Minas Gerais state), while 27 fresh-produce items were collected in the three producing municipalities (Itatiaia, Poços de Caldas, and Mariana). Activity concentrations were determined by high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometry. Annual effective doses (<i>E</i>) and the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were calculated using consumption data from the Brazilian Household Budget Survey (IBGE) and dose coefficients from ICRP Publication 119. Coffee showed mean activity concentrations of 563 ± 26 Bq kg^-1(⁴⁰K), 3.7 ± 0.6 Bq kg^-1(²²⁸Ra), and 1.4 ± 0.2 Bq kg^-1(²²⁶Ra), with a mean annual effective dose of 3.2 × 10^-02mSv yr^-1. Fresh produce exhibited marked regional variability, most notably for²²⁸Ra: carrots from Itatiaia reached 27 ± 1.9 Bq kg^-1, nearly an order of magnitude above those from Poços de Caldas (3.3 ± 0.5 Bq kg^-1).¹³⁷Cs was below the detection limit in all samples, indicating negligible anthropogenic contamination. All individual annual effective doses represented a negligible fraction of the 1 mSv yr^-1public dose criterion recommended by the ICRP. The highest individual values were observed for cassava from Mariana (1 × 10^-02mSv yr^-1), followed by banana and papaya (Mariana) and orange (Itatiaia) at 9 × 10^-03mSv yr^-1each, and onion from Poços de Caldas (6 × 10^-03mSv yr^-1). Cumulative annual effective doses obtained by summing all analysed fresh-produce items were 5.9 × 10^-02mSv yr^-1(Itatiaia), 2.2 × 10^-02mSv yr^-1(Poços de Caldas), and 6.3 × 10^-02mSv yr^-1(Mariana); combined with the mean coffee dose (3.2 × 10^-02mSv yr^-1), the total remained below 1.0 × 10^-01mSv yr^-1(<10% of the criterion). ELCR values ranged from 4 × 10^-07-4 × 10^-05for individual fresh-produce items and from 7 × 10^-05-2 × 10^-04for coffee. For reference, the global average ingestion dose from natural radionuclides is approximately 0.29 mSv yr^-1(UNSCEAR 2000).</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPGe-based radiological baseline and uncertainty-propagated external exposure screening of beach sands from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil.","authors":"Laisa de Almeida Neves, Rafael Lima Rodrigues, Mirella Maturo da Cruz, Carlos Omar Pastrana Orejuela, Jonathan Oliveira Dos Santos, Leandro Barbosa da Silva, Ademir Xavier da Silva","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae9ed4","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae9ed4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Beach sands may contain elevated concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides because of sediment provenance, hydraulic sorting and local accumulation of heavy minerals. This study establishes an HPGe-based radiological baseline for beach sands from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and evaluates external gamma exposure through an uncertainty-propagated screening approach. Forty-seven surface sand samples were collected from recreational beach sectors and analysed by high-purity germanium gamma-ray spectrometry. Activity concentrations of²²⁶Ra,²²⁸Ra,²²⁸Th and⁴⁰K were determined, and their reported analytical uncertainties were propagated to derived exposure quantities. To avoid double counting when applying a conventional whole-series thorium dose coefficient, a central²³²Th-series screening equivalent was calculated as the arithmetic mean of the²²⁸Ra and²²⁸Th indicators. Sensitivity calculations using²²⁸Ra alone and²²⁸Th alone were also performed. Activity concentrations ranged from 1.10 to 1408.10 Bq kg^-1for²²⁶Ra, 0.03-5449.93 Bq kg^-1for²²⁸Ra, 0.42-6957.21 Bq kg^-1for²²⁸Th and 2.07-1008.36 Bq kg^-1for quantified⁴⁰K results. Canto was the dominant point-specific anomaly, with a central calculated absorbed dose-rate estimate of 4420 ± 169 nGy h^-1. Excluding Canto, the mean absorbed dose rate was 38.6 nGy h^-1, whereas the complete-dataset median was 16.8 nGy h^-1. Under all three thorium-series assumptions, the same eight sampling points exceeded the comparative outdoor value of 55 nGy h^-1and only Canto exceeded 1 mSv y^-1under the frequent local-use scenario. All short-term tourist-use estimates remained below 0.3 mSv y^-1. The 55 nGy h^-1value is used only for comparison and not as a regulatory or action level. Most sampling points therefore represent lower-priority external gamma exposure conditions, whereas a limited number of local anomalies require confirmatory sampling, in situ dose-rate mapping and mineralogical characterisation before any beach-wide radiological protection conclusion is drawn.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing long-term trends and spatiotemporal dynamics of ambient gamma radiation dose rates alongside exploratory meteorological factors.","authors":"Yating Qiao, Hui Liu, Qiang Zhou, Fei Tuo","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/aea33a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/aea33a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ambient gamma radiation constitutes an important component of environmental background radiation and is crucial for evaluating public exposure. In China, a nationwide survey conducted between 1983 and 1990 established the baseline for ambient gamma air-absorbed dose rates, with a nationwide range of 2.4-340.8 nGy/h. However, long-term spatiotemporal variations remain poorly documented due to limited publicly available monitoring data. Here, we analyzed ten years of national automatic radiation monitoring data to identify spatial and temporal patterns across China, including areas around operational nuclear power plants (NPPs), and to explore their potential links with climatic factors. &#xD;Spatially, ambient dose rates followed a distinct west-to-east declining gradient, with both national and nuclear power plant (NPP)-proximal datasets fluctuating within historical natural background ranges. National dose rates declined gradually from 2016 to 2023 at 0.7 ± 0.1 nGy/h per year, with the most pronounced reductions occurred in the third and fourth quarters, aligned with seasonal precipitation patterns. Conversely, while initial analyses indicated a modest upward trend near NPPs, further spatial decomposition revealed that this pattern was driven entirely by the Taishan station; upon its exclusion, NPP-proximal dose rates remained temporally stable with no significant long-term drift. Overall, monthly mean variations exhibited no uniform seasonal pattern, indicating that individual meteorological factors exerted limited driving influence on the observed multi-year fluctuations.&#xD;This study confirms that ambient gamma radiation nationwide remains within established natural background thresholds, providing a robust dataset to support regulatory radiation monitoring, public outreach, and environmental risk communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shielding performance and clinical applicability of lead-free materials in computed tomography.","authors":"Jung Ju Jo, Kum Bae Kim, Vannyat Ath, Won Il Jang, Young Jin Won, Sang Hyoun Choi","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae8f51","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae8f51","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Owing to the high radiation exposure associated with computed tomography (CT) examinations and the image quality degradation caused by conventional radiation shielding materials, this study evaluated the dose reduction performance and image quality maintenance potential of a newly developed lead-free composite shielding material. This material was composed of bismuth, tungsten, tungsten carbide, aluminium, and polyurethane. Phantom-based dose measurements demonstrated that the shielding material achieved dose reduction rates ranging from 17.6% to 37.6%, depending on tube voltage. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and changes in tube current-time product (mAs) under a scout-based automatic exposure control (AEC) protocol were analysed according to the presence or absence of the shielding material across regions. For the clinical evaluation, CT scans were performed on four patients. Furthermore, the images were reviewed to evaluate whether this material affected image quality. The shielding material exhibited radiation reduction levels comparable to those reported in previous studies. SNR and CNR analyses showed minor statistical variations in certain regions; however, most differences were not statistically significant, and even significant differences remained within a range that did not compromise diagnostic image quality. Under the scout-based AEC protocol, the use of the shielding material resulted in less than 1% variation in mAs values. No visually perceptible artefacts or clinically significant image quality degradation were observed. The proposed composite shielding material demonstrated the potential to mitigate some limitations of conventional shielding materials and showed preliminary clinical feasibility as an adjunctive strategy for radiation dose reduction in CT examinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angular distributions of secondary neutron and photon ambient dose equivalent in proton therapy: a systematic PHITS 3.35 study at 70-250 MeV.","authors":"Thi Yen Hong Huynh, Huu Ngan Thy Truong, Hong Hai Vo, Hoa Lang Trinh","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae9aa5","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae9aa5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monte Carlo simulation of secondary neutron and photon dosimetry<b>-</b>specifically the ambient dose equivalent H*(10)<b>-</b>is central to radiation protection in pencil-beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy. We report particle and heavy ion transport code system (PHITS) version 3.35 calculations of H*(10) for proton beams from 70 to 250MeV incident on a water phantom representative of the Ion Beam Applications Blue Phantom, scored at 11 emission angles at 80 cm using International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 74 fluence-to-dose conversion coefficients. Results are normalised to peak absorbed dose, yielding the quantity H*(10)/D [nSv Gy^-1] relevant to facility shielding and patient out-of-field dose estimation. The distal Bragg-peak range R80 was benchmarked against independent Geant4/Gate calculations, agreeing within -0.56% to -3.61% and meeting the ±3% clinical criterion for energies⩾ 100MeV. Enabling the low-energy neutron event-generator mode changed secondary-neutron yields by less than 0.2%, indicating that default settings are adequate for these radiation-protection estimates. The H*(10)/D angular distribution showed a forward maximum near 40° and a backward maximum at 180°; the forward-to-lateral ratio H*(40°)/H*(90°) rose from 1.1 at 70 MeV to 2.5 at 250MeV<b>-</b>the forward peak becoming the global maximum above 150 MeV<b>-</b>while neutrons exceeded photons at 90° by factors of 22.9<b>-</b>56.2. A representative PBS nozzle model was added to quantify the effect of beam-line components; the simulated forward energy dependence and neutron spectral composition agree with published pencil-beam-scanning measurements, while absolute magnitudes remain lower owing to the single-pencil bare-phantom geometry. For a 150 MeV spread-out Bragg peak, H*(10)/D was 4.8<b>-</b>6.2× higher than the monoenergetic beam, reflecting the larger number of protons required per unit dose. The dose-normalised dataset provides a systematic, practical reference for PHITS users in proton therapy radiation protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}