Journal of Radiological Protection最新文献

{"title":"Colossus: Bridging the gap between big data and radiation epidemiology.","authors":"Eric Giunta, Benjamin French, Linda Walsh, Lawrence T Dauer, John D Boice, Daniel Andresen, Amir Bahadori","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0f22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ae0f22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Software to fit complex models using big data sets is needed to answer persistent and emerging questions in radiation epidemiology. The open-source R package Colossus has been developed to meet this need. Colossus was designed to take advantage of the input and graphing flexibility of R scripts, employ multi-core systems to run analyses faster, and permit the straightforward addition of future capabilities. The Million Person Study has used Colossus for analyses that estimate exponential hazard ratios and linear excess relative risks, both with Wald confidence boundaries and likelihood-based boundaries. Incorporating methods to propagate covariate uncertainty into model parameter uncertainty is the next major focus area. In addition, piecewise dose-response models, gradient descent algorithm options, and other statistical tests are being implemented.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome summary of the scientific program of the 16 th IRPA Congress.","authors":"Renate Czarwinski, Chunsheng Li, Eduardo Gallego, Debbie Gilley, John O'Hagan, Philip Metcalf, Kevin Nelson, Gabriela Siraky, Charles Wilson, Simon D Bouffler, Christopher Clement, Lawrence T Dauer, Jim Hondros, Tetsuo Ishikawa, Stefan Mundigl, Thierry Schneider, Andrzej Wojcik","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0f23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ae0f23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 16 th International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA16), held in conjunction with the 69 th Annual Meeting of the Health Physics Society (HPS) in Orlando, USA, provided an excellent platform for radiation protection professionals to exchange knowledge and advancements in radiological protection science and practice. The event featured 1241 participants from 67 countries, with 241 oral presentations and 440 posters spanning 11 thematic areas, including radiation health effects, dosimetry, medical applications, nuclear energy, and emergency preparedness. Key discussions covered updates on radiological protection systems, new findings in low-dose radiation epidemiology, and advancements in radiation measurement and dosimetry. Special focus was given to education and training, stakeholder engagement, and the integration of ethical considerations into radiological protection practices. The Congress also highlighted emerging challenges in non-ionizing radiation, medical radiation safety, and radioactive waste management. Notably, the prestigious Rolf M. Sievert Award was presented to Dr. Maria del Rosario Perez for her significant contributions to global radiation protection, and the Gold Medal for Radiation Protection was awarded to Dr. Ohtsura Niwa for his work in community engagement following the Fukushima accident. IRPA16 reinforced the importance of harmonizing radiation protection standards globally and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration to address emerging scientific and societal challenges in radiological safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive posture program: a software platform for using the realistic anthropomorphic flexible phantom family in computational dosimetry applications.","authors":"Pasquale Alessandro Lombardo, J Dabin, Mahmoud Abdelrahman, Daniel Santiago Rondón, Filip Vanhavere, Lara Struelens","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0e7d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ae0e7d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Boundary-Representation (B-Rep) computational phantoms offer high flexibility and anatomical accuracy, making them valuable tools in dosimetry and medical imaging simulations. However, their complexity and the need for expertise in graphic modelling limit their accessibility and adoption. Moreover, most Monte Carlo particle transport codes lack native support for B-Rep geometries, requiring complex and non-automated conversion to compatible formats, further complicating their use.&#xD;To address these challenges, we developed the Interactive Posture Program (IPP), a software platform to ease the use of B-Rep phantoms. IPP features a real-time 3D graphical interface, allowing users to easily create individualized phantoms and realistic exposure scenarios. Currently IPP includes three flexible phantoms - Adult Male, Adult Female, and 1-Year-Old Female - from the Realistic Anthropomorphic Flexible (RAF) family, which can be extensively customized using integrated morphing tools to simulate diverse anatomical variations. Additionally, IPP provides a comprehensive library of predefined exposure scenarios and advanced geometry creation tools, which allow to create accurate and individualized simulations. Finally, IPP automatically generates simulation input files compatible with the most widely used Monte Carlo transport codes, significantly simplifying the use of B-Rep phantoms within dosimetry and imaging simulations. &#xD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of decision support systems to deliver targeted remediation of rural settlements several decades after the Chernobyl accident.","authors":"Alexey Panov, Rena Mikailova, Victor Krechetnikov","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0e7e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ae0e7e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents a targeted remediation system for 71 rural settlements in five southwestern districts of the Bryansk region, Russia, affected by the Chernobyl accident. The most effective technologies for reducing radiation doses for residents of rural settlements are considered. Remediation strategies have been developed by assessing the current radiation levels, demographic conditions, and economic land use, while optimizing the use of seven technologies. This process relies on computer geographic information systems for decision support, specifically ReSCA and GIDSS. Two approaches to restoring rural settlements are presented, focusing on either economic costs or social acceptability. For each settlement, we identified the most effective targeted remediation measures by considering radiological indicators, associated costs, and the social acceptability of the technologies involved. The estimated cost of implementing remediation technologies to reduce radiation exposure of the population is between €12.3 million and €13.3 million. The implemented remediation strategies could reduce the collective radiation dose to the population by 79-88 man-Sv, with an average cost of 151-156 thousand €/man-Sv. Over the last 15-20 years, the expenses associated with settlement remediation have surged by 4.7 times, while the potential savings in collective radiation exposure for residents have decreased by 35%. Research indicates that the most impactful strategies involve utilizing ferrocene for livestock and the surface improvement of grassland in inhabited areas. The radiological and economic efficiency of the radical improvement of hayfields and pastures has sharply decreased compared to the early 2000s due to high costs of its implementation. In 16 settlements, using all effective remediation technologies will not decrease the population's total radiation dose below 1 mSv/a. At the same time, the reduction factor for the total radiation dose experienced by residents in the most vulnerable settlements is expected to range from 1.7 to 2.2 times.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstructing strontium-90 intake in beagles using neural networks: A data-driven assessment of historical inhalation records.","authors":"David Alexander Carpio Gonzalez, Alexander Glasco, Gayle Woloschak, Shaheen Azim Dewji","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0e7f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ae0e7f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dose estimation in response to internal radionuclide exposures requires reconstruction of the initial intake activity, which is frequently unknown due to the absence of a priori data. In such scenarios, intake is inferred from bioassay measurements obtained at one or more time points post-exposure. Recovering an initial intake from bioassay relies on biokinetic models that describe the body distribution and clearance of the toxicant. These models typically employ first-order differential equations with generalized population parameters, which do not capture individual variation in metabolism or anatomy. Thus, reconstruction of initial intakes is affected by multiple sources of stochasticity, including physical deposition of the inhaled radionuclide, detection system uncertainty, and inter-individual physiological variability. The capacity of machine learning (ML) algorithms to model highly non-linear and often stochastic processes makes them appropriate for augmenting intake reconstruction. This study applies artificial neural networks to estimate the initial intake activity of 90Sr inhaled by beagles. Model performance and sensitivity to input data quality were assessed through inclusion of individual-specific features, such as age, weight, and sex. Three data regimens were systematically designed, each with distinct pre-processing pipelines and model complexity. The first regimen demonstrates feasibility of intake reconstruction using bioassay measurements taken within 14 days post-exposure. The second regimen demonstrates that summary statistics of retention functions in historical records lack sufficient resolution for individualized ML modeling. The third regimen shows that historical dose estimates, despite limitations in resolution and methodology, can be used as surrogate features when multiple post-exposure time points are available. Root mean squared error (RMSE) was used to evaluate prediction error, while a custom metric, the variance relative difference (VarRD), quantified model bias. This study also reviews the integrity of historical data from 90Sr beagle inhalation experiments conducted by the Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute (ITRI) between 1966 and 1987.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neudep: a GPU-based Monte Carlo transport program, coupling full physical reaction models of neutrons, photons, electrons/positrons.","authors":"Qu Shuiyin, Yan Shuchang, Wu Zhen, Zhou Yang, Hu Ankang, Liu Hongming, Chen Yizheng, Qiu Rui, Li Junli","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0651","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are considered the gold standard for calculating radiation dose in complex radiation fields. However, these simulations often require substantial computational resources. Based on our team's existing graphics processing unit (GPU) modules for photons and electrons/positrons, this research developed neutron GPU physics modules including elastic scattering, inelastic scattering, radiative capture, and fission. These were integrated into the Neudep (GPU-based NEUtron-photon-electron/positron coupled Dose Estimation Program). This program enables coupled multi-particle transport of neutrons, photons, and electrons/positrons across broad energy ranges and incorporates comprehensive physics for all particle interactions. During neutron interactions, photons and secondary neutrons are produced. These photons undergo various physical processes: the photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, and pair production, generating photoelectrons, Compton electrons, and recoil electron-positron pairs, respectively. The associated electron interactions include bremsstrahlung, ionisation, and multiple scattering. Bremsstrahlung, in particular, gives rise to secondary photons. Additionally, positron annihilation results in the production of secondary photons. All these secondary particles are stored in a memory stack and are transported only after the primary neutron transport process is completed. The Neudep program was validated for accuracy and tested for computational efficiency using both a homogeneous Water Phantom and the Chinese adult male voxel model (CRAM). The results indicate that the energy deposition discrepancies between Neudep and the reference MC code are less than 2%, with neutron incident energies of 3 MeV showing deviations of less than 0.5%. Organ dose differences generally remain within 5%. While maintaining computational accuracy, the Neudep program efficiently simulates 1 million neutrons in just 2 s. Additionally, the transport time for 10 million neutrons through a complex human model can be reduced to under 1 min. Neudep can reduce computation times by 78-5000 times compared to traditional central processing unit-based MC software. This tool demonstrates tremendous potential for rapid and accurate dose calculations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of UAV-based airborne gamma-ray spectrometry for wide-area radiation monitoring of contaminated sites.","authors":"Young-Yong Ji, Sungyeop Joung, Wanook Ji, Kotaro Ochi, Miyuki Sasaki, Yukihisa Sanada","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0cd4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ae0cd4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents the development and field validation of a UAV-based airborne gamma-ray spectrometry system (MARK-M1), designed by the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) for rapid radiological assessment in post-accident scenarios. The MARK-M1 integrates two LaBr₃(Ce) detectors, GPS, and a laser altimeter, with data transmission ensured via Bluetooth communication. Field surveys were conducted in collaboration with the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP). An attenuation correction factor was derived from hovering flights at multiple altitudes and applied to convert aerial measurements to dose rates at 1 m above ground level. The results showed that flight speed had little effect on dose rate estimation when appropriate detector sensitivity and flight line spacing were ensured. However, in low-lying areas with sloped terrain, significant discrepancies were observed between airborne and ground-based measurements, indicating the limitations of flat-ground assumptions in attenuation models. Incorporating terrain data such as digital elevation models is suggested to improve estimation accuracy in complex topographies. These findings demonstrate both the practical utility and necessary refinements for UAV-based gamma-ray surveys in real-world emergency response applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eighty years of the trefoil symbol, between history, perception, and critical reflections.","authors":"Christian Kuehnel","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0a5c","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0a5c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of nuclear security in Ukraine: contributions from international technical assistance projects.","authors":"Ihor Kuzmiak, Daria Dimitriieva, Viktor Pashchenko, Oleksandr Pecherytsia, Alina Melnyk","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0343","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae0343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As highlighted in the Ukrainian Regulatory Threat Assessment Report for 2017, a strong physical protection regime ensuring the state regulation of physical protection in Ukraine has been established. However, significant gaps in nuclear security regulations still exist and pose a substantial threat. Therefore, the international technical assistance project intended to identify areas to improve the regulatory framework for nuclear security was implemented and resulted in a list of primary nuclear security regulations to be developed. The successful implementation of the project for the development of the first priority item on this list-General Nuclear Security Provisions-enables the implementation of the International Atomic Energy Agency nuclear security fundamentals into Ukrainian practices and opens the way for the development of subsequent nuclear security regulations. However, the Russian invasion, especially the seizure of the Chornobyl and Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plants, revealed new threats and requirements for nuclear security, which are also addressed in this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Epidemiologic contributions to radiation risk assessment (2025<i>J. Radiol. Prot</i>. 45 031507).","authors":"Roy Shore","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae03c8","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae03c8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}