Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal Changes in Fecal Microbiota During Hospitalization in Horses With Different Types of Colic","authors":"Clémence Loublier,&nbsp;Marcio Costa,&nbsp;Bernard Taminiau,&nbsp;Laureline Lecoq,&nbsp;Georges Daube,&nbsp;Hélène Amory,&nbsp;Carla Cesarini","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research on fecal microbiota changes during hospitalization of horses with colic is emerging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Describe changes of the fecal microbiota during hospitalization of horses with colic caused by inflammatory (INFL), simple (SIMPLE), and strangulated (STR) obstructions, and investigate associations with survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-three horses with colic: 9 in INFL, 5 in STR, and 9 in SIMPLE groups. Seventeen horses survived, and 6 were euthanized.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective observational study. Fecal samples were collected on admission (D1), on days 3 (D3) and 5 (D5). Bacterial taxonomy profiling was obtained by V1V3 16S amplicon sequencing. Data were compared using a 2-way permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA). Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSE) analysis identified significant bacterial population differences, with significance set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 and a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) cut-off &gt; 3.0.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alpha diversity indices remained stable during hospitalization within each colic group. However, at D5, the INFL group had significantly higher richness (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and diversity (Shannon, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 and Simpson, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) than other colic types. Beta diversity (Jaccard membership and Bray-Curtis indices) was significantly different in the INFL compared to SIMPLE and STR groups (both <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) but not between SIMPLE and STR. Beta diversity membership analysis by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated a significant difference between survivors and non-survivors within the INFL group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Increased relative abundances of <i>Bacilliculturomica</i> and <i>Saccharofermentans</i> were associated with survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microbiota showed no significant variation over 5 days of hospitalization. Colic type influenced fecal microbiota more than hospitalization duration. Specific bacterial populations may differ between survival and non-survival groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Profiling in Horses Before and After Exercise","authors":"Todd Holbrook,&nbsp;Jorge Hernandez,&nbsp;Taralyn McCarrel,&nbsp;Guy Lester,&nbsp;Margaret Sleeper,&nbsp;Oliver Domenig,&nbsp;Darcy Adin","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The impact of exercise on the classical and alternative renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) pathways has not been studied in horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We hypothesized that exercise would activate both RAAS pathways and that endurance exercise would cause more activation of the classical pathway compared to short-duration, high-intensity exercise in horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-five horses (21 client-owned and 4 research) were included in 4 exercise groups (10 Arabians, 50-mile ride [A-E]; 4 thoroughbreds, 1-mile treadmill exercise [TB-TM]; 5 thoroughbreds, 1–1/16th-mile race [TB-R]; and 6 quarter horses 330-500-yard race [QH-R]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood was collected before and after exercise. Equilibrium analysis was performed to measure serum RAAS metabolites and enzyme activities. The components of the RAAS pathways were compared before and after exercise. Post/pre-exercise ratios for each variable were compared among exercise groups. Data were reported as median (first, third quartiles; pre vs. post) and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 was considered significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exercise increased classical RAAS metabolites (pmol/L; angiotensin I, 2.5 [2.5, 2.5] vs. 8.2 [2.5, 19.0]; angiotensin II, 10.2 [6.0, 21.9] vs. 53.0 [37.4, 95.8]; aldosterone, 83.8 [53.4, 149.5] vs. 170.6 [112.2, 251.7]); alternative RAAS metabolites (pmol/L; angiotensin 1–7, 1.5 [1.5, 1.5] vs. 5.1 [1.5, 12.5]; angiotensin 1–5, 2.5 [2.5, 7.3] vs. 14.9 [9.0, 25.4]) and angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 activity (ng/mL; 16.6 [13.9, 20.4] vs. 25.2 [20.2, 33.0]; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) for all horses. Angiotensin 1–7 ratios were higher for TB-R compared with TB-TM and A-E (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both classical and alternative RAAS pathways increase after exercise in horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Roles of Trace Element and Cobalamin Concentrations in Dogs With Parvoviral Enteritis","authors":"Kerim Emre Yanar,&nbsp;Selin Sinem Sümbül Laçin,&nbsp;Mustafa Sinan Aktaş,&nbsp;Mehmet Özkan Timurkan,&nbsp;Hakan Aydın","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70046","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The trace elements copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) have been the focus of research into their potential roles in the prognosis of gastrointestinal disorders in humans.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Evaluation of the predictive potential serum concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cu/Zn, Se, and cobalamin as possible prognostic indicators in dogs with parvoviral enteritis (CPV).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Animals&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Client-owned dogs diagnosed with CPV (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 20) and healthy controls (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 10).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A case-controlled study. Serum concentrations of Cu and Zn were measured using a spectrophotometric method; serum Se levels were determined by mass spectrophotometry; and serum cobalamin concentrations were assessed using a chemiluminescent immunoassay method. The Mann–Whitney &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt; test was employed to compare subgroup medians.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Upon admission, surviving dogs with CPV (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 10) exhibited higher serum Cu concentrations (median = 154.24; range = 60.15–188.46 μg/dL) and Cu/Zn ratios (median = 1.52; range = 0.67–2.45), alongside lower serum Zn concentrations (median = 88.05; range = 51.3–129.2 μg/dL) and cobalamin levels (median = 252.5; range = 111–396 pg/mL), compared to the control group (Cu, median = 72.12; range = 47.04–90.26 μg/dL), Zn (median = 184.2; range = 73.0–262.7 μg/dL), Cu/Zn (median = 0.37; range = 0.26–0.73), cobalamin (median = 638.5; range = 306.0–1016 pg/mL). Additionally, non-surviving dogs (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 10) exhibited markedly higher serum Cu concentrations (median = 193.5; range = 125.0–229.0 μg/dL) and Cu/Zn ratios (median = 5.45; range = 1.95–9.23), and significantly lower serum Zn (median = 37.75; range = 24.8–71.6 μg/dL), Se (median = 52.45; range = 21.27–91 μg/L), and cobalamin levels (median = 52.2; range = 20.0–147.0 pg/mL) compared to both survivors and controls.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions and Clinical Importance&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Statistical variations in serum concentrations of Cu, Zn, and cobalamin, alongside Cu/Zn ratios, were observed among survivors, non-survivors, and controls (control-survivor and survivor-non-survivor: &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05 and control-non-survivor: &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), which might suggest their potential prognostic value in CPV.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Season and Breed on Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Hormones, Metabolic Hormones, and Oxidative Markers in Ponies and Horses","authors":"Sarah Alison Vaughn,&nbsp;Margaret B. Lemons,&nbsp;Kelsey A. Hart","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endocrine function in ponies differs from horses, with seasonally increased concentrations of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and an increased risk of insulin dysregulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>(1) Season and breed differences exist in concentrations of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and metabolic hormones; and (2) systemic oxidative status is significantly different between ponies and horses and correlates with endocrine hormones.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-four healthy Welsh ponies and 14 healthy Quarter horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood was collected from Welsh ponies and Quarter horses in the same region during the same weeks in May and October. Concentrations of plasma ACTH, insulin, leptin, derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (dROMs), plasma antioxidant capacity (PAC), and serum total cortisol, percent-free cortisol, and estimated free cortisol concentrations were measured. Linear mixed effects modeling with a random effect for animal was used to determine the effects of season and breed. Correlation coefficients were calculated for relevant variables. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fall plasma ACTH concentration was significantly higher in ponies compared with horses (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Total cortisol concentration was significantly lower in ponies in fall compared with spring (<i>p</i> = 0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.005–0.934). Insulin concentrations in ponies were significantly higher in fall compared with spring (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and compared with horses in fall (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In horses, PAC was higher in fall than in spring (<i>p</i> = 0.01; 95% CI = −730.2T to −99.26). Correlations varied with season and breed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Season and breed significantly affect the HPA axis, metabolic hormones, and oxidative status. Our results support breed consideration when interpreting endocrine testing results in horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Acute Patient Physiologic and Laboratory Evaluation Score and Other Prognostic Factors in Dogs With Diabetic Ketoacidosis","authors":"Sarah M. Edwards,&nbsp;Rebecka S. Hess","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation (APPLE) scores have not been reported in dogs with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The APPLE scores will be higher in non-survivors compared with survivors, and higher scores will predict increased mortality in dogs with DKA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-five dogs with DKA; 58 survivors (68%) and 27 non-survivors (32%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective study. The APPLE scores were entered into a multivariate logistic regression model for mortality prediction. Variables related to DKA diagnosis also were examined as mortality predictors. If variables predicted mortality, an empirical optimal cut point, corresponding area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), and sensitivity and specificity for predicting mortality were calculated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mean 10-variable APPLE_full and median 5-variable APPLE_fast scores were higher in non-survivors (32 ± 10 and 11; range, 3–29, respectively) compared with survivors (25 ± 8; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 and 7; range, 0–24; <i>p</i> = 0.02, respectively). The APPLE_full score predicted mortality (<i>p</i> = 0.03). The AUC for the APPLE_full as a predictor of mortality was 0.67 and at the empirical optimal cutpoint of 23.5 the sensitivity and specificity of the APPLE_full score for mortality prediction were 85% and 48%, respectively. Beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration (BOHB) also predicted mortality (<i>p</i> = 0.02). The AUC for BOHB as a mortality predictor was 0.75 and at the empirical optimal cutpoint of 4.75 the sensitivity and specificity of BOHB for mortality prediction were 58% and 92%, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The APPLE_full score and BOHB predict mortality in dogs with DKA and can be used to stratify DKA dogs into appropriate survival groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Carcinoma and Sarcoma on Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and Symmetric Dimethylarginine Concentrations in Dogs","authors":"Anouska Rixon,&nbsp;Evelyne Meyer,&nbsp;Sylvie Daminet,&nbsp;Amelia Goddard,&nbsp;Thirawut Kongtasai,&nbsp;Paolo Pazzi","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is unknown if tumors or concomitant renal disease influence neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (NGAL) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) concentrations in tumor-bearing dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determine the effect of tumor presence, tumor type, and metastasis on concentrations of serum NGAL (sNGAL), SDMA, urinary NGAL (uNGAL), and uNGAL-to-creatinine ratio (uNGAL/Cr) in dogs with carcinoma or sarcoma without clinically relevant renal disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-one dogs with carcinoma, 18 with sarcoma, and 20 healthy age-controlled dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Concentrations of sNGAL, SDMA, and uNGAL, and uNGAL/Cr ratio were measured from banked samples collected during a previous prospective study. Patient clinicopathological and histopathology records were reviewed, and those with renal azotemia or moderate to severe histopathological renal abnormalities were classified as having clinically relevant renal disease. Biomarker concentrations were compared between tumor-bearing dogs without clinically relevant renal disease and healthy age-controlled dogs. Additionally, comparisons were made between dogs with carcinoma and sarcoma, as well as between dogs with and without metastasis. Correlations between uNGAL and sNGAL concentrations, along with acute phase protein (APP) concentrations, were also analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tumor-bearing dogs without clinically relevant renal disease had increased uNGAL/Cr (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), but not sNGAL, compared with healthy controls. Although median SDMA concentrations did not significantly differ between groups, increased concentrations were found in 32% of dogs with carcinoma and 20% of dogs with sarcoma. No differences were found between dogs with carcinoma and those with sarcoma, or between dogs with metastasis and those without. Urinary and serum NGAL concentrations were moderately correlated, while weak to no correlations were observed with APPs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Carcinomas and sarcomas, but not metastasis, influence uNGAL/Cr and SDMA concentrations in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redox Biomarker Variations With Severity of Asthma in Horses Across Different Sample Types","authors":"Sanni Hansen,&nbsp;Nina D. Otten,&nbsp;Jose Joaquin Ceron,&nbsp;Luis Guillermo González-Arostegui,&nbsp;Camila Peres-Rubio","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The contribution of redox imbalance to equine asthma (EA) pathogenesis remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>(1) validate and measure a panel of redox biomarkers in the tracheal wash (TW) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from horses with neutrophilic and mastocytic mild–moderate EA (MEA) and severe EA. (2) Evaluate the same panel in saliva and serum for comparative purposes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 117 horses: 37 healthy, 26 mastocytic MEA, 29 neutrophilic MEA, and 25 severe EA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional study using TW, BAL, and serum and saliva sampling. After assay validation, redox biomarkers-ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), glutathione reductase (GSHred), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were quantified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Assays demonstrated low imprecision, good linearity, and adequate sensitivity in TW and BAL fluid. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid biomarkers decreased with EA severity for TEAC (healthy horses: median, 0.013; severe EA horses: 0.010; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; effect size [ES] = 0.36), SOD (healthy horses: median, 0.95; severe EA horses: 0.70; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; ES = 0.39), and AOPP (healthy horses: median, 44.9; severe EA horses: 20; <i>p</i> = 0.05; ES = 0.18).</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophil differential counts were negatively correlated with saliva SOD (rho = −52; <i>p</i> = 0.001), GSHred (rho = − 0.46; <i>p</i> = 0.01) and AOPP (rho = − 0.34; <i>p</i> = 0.04).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings support the potential of redox biomarkers measured in BAL fluid in the characterization of neutrophilic EA and emphasize their value in guiding antioxidant-based therapeutic strategies. Based on our results, redox imbalance is less evident in mastocytic EA compared with neutrophilic EA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination and Seasonality as Risk Factors for Development of Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin in 172 Dogs","authors":"Maria K. Johnson,&nbsp;Rebecca C. Windsor,&nbsp;Jessica L. Schmidt,&nbsp;David J. Raczek,&nbsp;George E. Moore","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) is a neuroinflammatory disease that is suspected to be immune-mediated. Vaccination and season inconsistently have been reported as risk factors for development of MUO in dogs, but limited prospectively collected data is available to evaluate these potential risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospectively evaluate the association between vaccination and season and the development of MUO in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 172 client-owned dogs diagnosed with MUO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dogs were enrolled prospectively from August 2021 through July 2023. Signalment, body weight, vaccination history, and season of onset of neurologic signs were recorded. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) of MUO within various post-vaccination windows was statistically compared to a referent window of 451–560 days post-vaccination. The incidence rate (IR) of MUO in each season was compared statistically.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of dogs vaccinated within the previous 450 days, MUO IRR was highest in the first 0–45 days (IRR = 9.14; confidence interval [CI] = 4.04–20.71), followed by 46–90 days (IRR = 4.86; CI = 2.01–11.71) and 91–180 days (IRR = 4.86; CI = 2.15–10.96) post-vaccination compared to the 451–560 day post-vaccination referent window. The MUO IR was slightly more common in the spring (28.5%) and least common in the summer (19.8%). No significant difference in IR between seasons was identified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In dogs with potential vaccine-associated MUO, the highest risk to develop MUO may be in the first 45 days post-vaccination. A slowly developing immune response to vaccination over 3–6 months may occur in some dogs. There is no apparent association between season and the development of MUO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Parathyroid Hormone Concentration as a Predictor of Post-Operative Hypocalcemia in Dogs Diagnosed With Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Treated With Parathyroidectomy","authors":"Victoria Travail,&nbsp;Claudio Motta,&nbsp;Charlotte Lea,&nbsp;Andres Salas-Garcia,&nbsp;Katherine Clarke,&nbsp;Sergio Federico Lombardo,&nbsp;Amanda Paul,&nbsp;Dorothy Hajdu,&nbsp;Carla Asorey Blázquez,&nbsp;Mayank Seth,&nbsp;Michelle Walton-Clark,&nbsp;Luis Miguel Garcia Roldan,&nbsp;Rebecca Frances Geddes,&nbsp;Sophie Allison Conway,&nbsp;Katia Sánchez González,&nbsp;Paula García Domínguez,&nbsp;Sophie Keyte,&nbsp;Danica Pollard,&nbsp;Darren Kelly","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypocalcemia is a relatively common complication after parathyroidectomy for treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To retrospectively evaluate clinical variables in dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism to determine whether or not an association exists between pre-surgical variables and the development of post-surgical hypocalcemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred three dogs diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism and treated by parathyroidectomy in seven referral hospitals between 2010 and 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data collected from medical records included signalment, physical examination findings, concurrent illnesses, ongoing medications, and clinicopathologic test results (including serum ALP activity, iCa, plasma phosphate and PTH concentrations). Dogs were assigned into groups based on lowest iCa post-surgery: Group1 ≥ 1.1 mmol/L, Group2 &lt; 1.1 mmol/L. The Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> test assessed associations between several variables of interest and the occurrence of post-surgery hypocalcemia. ROC analyses were performed to identify variables that had the potential to predict the development of hypocalcemia after surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median plasma PTH concentration pre-surgery in dogs which developed hypocalcemia after surgery was significantly higher (232 pg/mL {[IQR] 108–421}) than in dogs which did not develop hypocalcemia after surgery (81.5 pg/mL {IQR 58.5–145.0}; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Plasma PTH concentration had a fair to good ability to predict the development of post-surgery hypocalcemia, with AUC being 0.78 [95% confidence interval 0.67–0.89]. Using a cut-off of ≥ 75 pg/mL, pre-surgery plasma PTH concentration had a sensitivity of 96.6% and specificity of 42.3% for the development of post-surgery hypocalcemia. Dogs that developed hypocalcemia after surgery were older and had lower body weights.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pre-surgery plasma PTH concentrations might be helpful in predicting those dogs at risk of developing hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Second Letter on Response Letter Regarding “Plasma Concentration of Thrombopoietin in Dogs With Immune Thrombocytopenia”","authors":"Marjory B. Brooks,&nbsp;James C. Brooks,&nbsp;Jim Catalfamo,&nbsp;Yao Zhu,&nbsp;Robert Goggs,&nbsp;Susanna Babasyan,&nbsp;Bettina Wagner,&nbsp;Dana H. LeVine","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70018","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We appreciate Dr. Wun's ongoing interest in our publication and hope he feels free to email or phone the authors directly if this response leaves any remaining questions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As we describe in section 3.3, the addition of cryopoor plasma to the assay buffer was a means to correct the non-quantitative recovery of recombinant canine TPO (rcTPO) due to high background plasma absorbance values. When varying amounts of rcTPO were added to canine plasma samples and the OD values for those samples were compared to a standard curve constructed using rcTPO in non-proteinaceous assay buffer, the measured concentrations did not match the expected concentrations. Once the matrix effects associated with the presence of proteins other than TPO in canine plasma were accounted for by adding a small quantity (1:4 ratio) of canine cryopoor plasma to the assay buffer, the recovered concentrations of rcTPO matched those expected as described in section 3.5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Wun proposes that this use of cryopoor plasma within the diluent for standard curve samples might impair the detection of endogenous TPO in ITP patient samples. We have previously acknowledged that the assay lacks precision at very low TPO concentrations. However, the relevant point is that dogs with thrombocytopenia should have high plasma TPO concentrations and hence the assay's stated limitation is less of concern when the assay is applied to the primary target population. In our publication, all five dogs with induced ITP had dramatic increases over time in endogenous TPO concentrations compared with their low baseline values, as expected from studies in rodent models. This observation indicates that the assay is fit for purpose to investigate mechanistic causes of thrombocytopenia in dogs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Separately, we believe Dr. Wun may have misunderstood some aspects of the TPO assay results presented in our paper and their clinical applications. The speculation put forth that an interferent unique to ITP samples could prevent quantitative recovery of rcTPO when spiked into ITP samples is irrelevant, because we measured endogenous TPO concentrations in dogs with ITP. Similarly, we did not suggest that the assay could be used to differentiate recombinant from endogenous TPO nor is therapeutic monitoring of rcTPO an actual or potential clinical use of the assay. Although it is theoretically possible that plasma from a given ITP dog might contain a substance that could interfere with detection of endogenous TPO, it is highly unlikely that plasma from every dog with ITP would contain such a substance, and it is unclear which interfering substance Dr. Wun speculates to be present. It is also neither practical nor standard to test every sick patient sample with spike and recovery of standard to ensure the absence of a theoretical interferent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The rationale for the use of TPO receptor agonists in humans with ITP was based on the observation that ITP patients had similar plasma TPO concentrations as p","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}