Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Clinical and Pathologic Characterization of Proteinuric Kidney Disease in Australian and New Zealand Dogs","authors":"Lucy Kopecny,&nbsp;Joanna D. White","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70187","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of immune complex-mediated glomerulonephropathy (ICGN) in dogs with proteinuric kidney disease is approximately 50% in the United States and Europe but is unknown in other locations such as Australia and New Zealand.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determine the prevalence of ICGN in dogs biopsied for proteinuric kidney disease in Australia and New Zealand and compare clinicopathologic variables in dogs with specific pathologic lesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty client-owned dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective case series. Reports from renal biopsy samples submitted to the Texas and International Veterinary Renal Pathology Services from dogs with proteinuric kidney disease (urine protein-to-creatinine ratio ≥ 0.5) between 2007 and 2023 were reviewed. Clinical data were retrieved and compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 50 dogs with proteinuric renal disease, 15 dogs (30%) had ICGN and 35 (70%) had non-ICGN. The most common category of ICGN was membranous glomerulonephropathy (6/15; 40%). Glomerulosclerosis was the most common category of non-ICGN (17/35; 49%). Dogs with glomerulosclerosis (median, 10 years) were older than dogs with other types of lesions (membranoproliferative, mesangioproliferative or mixed pattern; median, 6 years; <i>p</i> = 0.04) and those with membranous glomerulonephropathy (median, 4 years; <i>p</i> = 0.005). Dogs with membranous glomerulonephropathy had lower serum albumin concentrations (median, 2.1 g/dL) than dogs with glomerulosclerosis (median, 3.0 g/dL; <i>p</i> = 0.01) or other nephropathies (median, 3.0 g/dL; <i>p</i> = 0.04).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of ICGN is lower in dogs in Australia and New Zealand biopsied for proteinuric kidney disease, potentially because of a lower prevalence of infectious disease, particularly vector-borne disease. The lower prevalence of ICGN emphasizes the importance of renal biopsy to optimize treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Drug–Drug Interaction Between Phenobarbital and Fluconazole in Two Dogs","authors":"Maria Jaramillo,&nbsp;Alejandra Mondino,&nbsp;Michael Court,&nbsp;Melissa J. Lewis,&nbsp;Natasha J. Olby,&nbsp;Karen R. Muñana","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70190","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Phenobarbital (PB) is an antiseizure medication widely used in dogs that is metabolized by hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Fluconazole, a commonly prescribed antifungal medication, inhibits several CYP isoenzymes and can impair PB metabolism. Genetic polymorphisms such as the CYP2C41 gene deletion can alter CYP activity and influence drug interactions, although not well characterized in dogs. We describe two epileptic dogs on chronic PB treatment that developed marked sedation and ataxia, and increased serum PB concentrations after receiving fluconazole. Both dogs were homozygous for the CYP2C41 deletion. Discontinuation of fluconazole resulted in decreased PB concentrations and resolution of clinical signs. These findings suggest fluconazole can inhibit PB metabolism, leading to clinically relevant toxicity, and this interaction does not require CYP2C41 enzyme expression. Monitoring PB concentrations during fluconazole co-administration is advised. Further characterization of the role of CYP enzymes in PB metabolism in dogs is needed to better predict drug interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70190","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Assessment and Cost–Benefit Analysis of Prophylactic Fenestration in Chondrodystrophic Dogs With Follow-Up Magnetic Resonance Imaging","authors":"Daniel Low,&nbsp;Vasileios Vallios,&nbsp;Tomas Basto,&nbsp;Marios Charalambous","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70191","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prophylactic fenestration (PF) has been reported to protect against recurrent intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE), but recurrence is not always confirmed. No published studies address the cost–benefit of PF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Observe the association between PF and intervertebral disc (IVD) survival and conduct cost–benefit analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty chondrodystrophic dogs with recurrent IVDE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Longitudinal assessment with follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to retrospectively observe the survival of in situ IVDs. The association between PF and IVD survival was analyzed using a multivariable survival model, which included Pfirrmann grade as a covariate. Worst-case, base-case, and best-case cost–benefit simulations were conducted, corresponding to the lower 95% confidence interval (CI), point estimate, and upper 95% CI of the effect size of PF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For IVDs treated with PF, 4/31 (12.9%) IVDs were documented to subsequently extrude on follow-up MRI. For IVDs not treated with PF, 76/602 (12.6%) were documented to subsequently extrude on follow-up MRI. There was no association between the use of PF and IVD survival (time ratio: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.49–2.76; <i>p</i> = 0.72). An increase in Pfirrmann grade was associated with a decrease in IVD survival (time ratio: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.26–0.46; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Prophylactic fenestration was only cost-effective under a limited range of conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was no evidence that PF prevented IVDE under study conditions. Pfirrmann grade was the strongest predictor of IVD survival. Universal use of PF was not cost-effective in multiple simulations. Targeted PF of high-risk IVDs may be considered the most cost-effective approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthodromic Atrioventricular Reentry Bradycardia and Tachycardia Caused by an Accessory Pathway in Horses","authors":"Eva Buschmann,&nbsp;Charlotte Easton-Jones,&nbsp;Glenn Van Steenkiste,&nbsp;Hans De Wilde,&nbsp;Veronica Roberts,&nbsp;Mary Durando,&nbsp;Annelies Decloedt,&nbsp;Celia Marr,&nbsp;Gunther van Loon","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70175","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accessory pathways (APs) are muscular bundles directly connecting the atria and ventricles, bypassing the atrioventricular (AV) node-His-Purkinje system. Anterograde conduction along the AP results in ventricular preexcitation. A retrograde conducting AP allows ventriculo-atrial (VA) conduction, creating a reentry circuit that mediates orthodromic atrioventricular reentry tachycardia (OAVRT). This condition is well described in humans and small animals, but has not been reported previously in horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Describe clinical and electrocardiographic findings of horses with retrograde AP conduction and reporte mapping and radiofrequency ablation results in one horse.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six horses with retrograde AP conduction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Records from six horses with retrograde AP conduction were reviewed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Resting ECGs showed P′ waves in the ST segment with fixed coupling intervals to the preceding QRS complexes. In five of six horses, P′ waves were conducted back to the ventricles along the AV node, resulting in OAVRT. All horses had episodes where P′ waves were blocked at the AV node, which resulted in orthodromic atrioventricular reentry bradycardia (OAVRB). In one horse, the AP conducted bidirectionally resulting in ventricular preexcitation. An electrophysiological study in one horse identified a left-atrial AP insertion by the shortest VA interval. Radiofrequency ablation using an impedance-based mapping system could not eliminate the AP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrograde conducting APs in horses caused OAVRT and OAVRB. APs in horses behaved differently compared to those in humans and dogs. Further research is necessary to elucidate AP behavior, evaluate risk and effect on performance, and assess treatment by ablation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An e-Reporting Tool for Facilitating Submission of Veterinary Adverse Drug Reaction Reports","authors":"Heather Davies,&nbsp;Steven Smyth,&nbsp;Gina Pinchbeck,&nbsp;Munir Pirmohamed,&nbsp;Roy Savory,&nbsp;P. J. Noble,&nbsp;David Killick","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70173","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adverse events (AEs) are under-reported in veterinary medicine. The ability to report AEs directly from the practice management system (PMS) has been suggested to facilitate reporting. The Small Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network (SAVSNET) informatics system provides an opportunity to integrate reporting into the workflow such that reports can be submitted directly to the National Competent Authority, the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 \u0000 <ol>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Develop an AE reporting form linked to the PMS allowing for pre-population of some fields from the electronic health record (EHR).</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Analyze the quality of submitted reports.</li>\u0000 </ol>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Animals attending United Kingdom (UK) first-opinion veterinary practices participating in SAVSNET.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An AE “reporting button” was developed and available in the normal clinical workflow for SAVSNET enrolled practices using the Robovet PMS. The button facilitated capture of pertinent information relating to AEs, including the ability to append clinical notes from the associated EHR. After submission, reports were automatically submitted daily to the VMD. Report quality was assessed using an adapted version of the vigiGrade scoring system, which was used to compare the quality of reports submitted to the VMD via standard routes to those submitted via SAVSNET. Assessment of reports submitted via SAVSNET, was conducted twice. First, considering only information contained in the report and second, considering information contained in both the report and associated clinical notes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty reports were submitted during the first 18 months by 42 different veterinary practices. The quality of SAVSNET reports was significantly improved by information contained within the clinical notes. These reports were more likely to be well-documented than those submitted via standard routes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adverse event reports populated using","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Importance of Repeated Health Screening in Healthy Older Dogs","authors":"Sofie Marynissen,&nbsp;Femke Mortier,&nbsp;Luc Duchateau,&nbsp;Pascale Smets,&nbsp;Sylvie Daminet,&nbsp;Dominique Paepe","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70166","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The clinical relevance of repeated health screenings in aging dogs remains unclear. Moreover, which physical or laboratory variables are associated with survival have not been thoroughly studied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evaluate the health status of apparently healthy older dogs and determine which diseases are manifested in confirmed healthy dogs within 2 years, based on extensive health screening. Assess the predictive value for mortality of various clinicopathological variables at baseline in confirmed healthy older dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 122 apparently healthy senior and geriatric dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective, longitudinal study. History, physical examination, blood testing, and urinalysis were performed at baseline and every 12 months for 2 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At baseline, 20% of apparently healthy older dogs were diagnosed with ≥ 1 disease, resulting in 98 confirmed healthy dogs included in the follow-up study. The most common emerging disorders within 2 years were neoplasia (cumulative incidence, 12%), azotemic chronic kidney disease (CKD, 8%), neurologic disease (11%), or orthopedic disorders (5%). Malignant neoplasia could be detected in 47% (8/17) of dogs on physical examination, including rectal, skin, and mammary gland palpation. Only age group was associated with survival in confirmed healthy dogs at baseline, with geriatric dogs being more likely to die compared with senior dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Routine health screening helps to detect unrecognized diseases in older dogs. Repeated screening for CKD, rectal palpation, and assessment of neurologic and orthopedic health seem most relevant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A CNTNAP1 Missense Variant Associated With Laryngeal Paralysis and Polyneuropathy in Young Great Dane Dogs","authors":"G. Diane Shelton,&nbsp;Missy C. Carpentier,&nbsp;Y. Michael Kimura,&nbsp;Ling T. Guo,&nbsp;Katie M. Minor","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70185","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Major genetic risk loci and causative mutations classified as LPN1 (Leonberger polyneuropathy type 1), LPN2 (Leonberger polyneuropathy type 2), and LPPN3 (Laryngeal paralysis polyneuropathy type 3) have been identified in Leonberger and Saint Bernard dogs with laryngeal paralysis and polyneuropathy (LPPN). Other large breed dogs, including the Great Dane, can present clinically with LPPN, and this breed previously was identified as a carrier of the LPPN3 variant. To date, homozygosity for this variant has not been identified in Great Dane dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interventions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results of neurological examination, electrodiagnostic testing, and muscle and nerve biopsy samples were consistent with lower motor neuron disease associated with axonal degeneration and large nerve fiber loss in two young Great Dane dogs with gait abnormalities and respiratory difficulty. TaqMan genotyping for the three known LPPN variants confirmed a homozygous missense variant in <i>CNTNAP1</i>, the variant associated with LPPN3.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and Clinical Relevance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A homozygous missense <i>CNTNAP1</i> variant (p.G937E, XP_548083.3) has been confirmed in young Great Dane dogs that should expand the genetic testing available for LPPN in this breed and aid in the direction of breeding programs. Both dogs were euthanized because of progression of clinical signs approximately 6 months after the original diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety, Efficacy and Doxorubicin Pharmacokinetics During Cannabidiol/Cannabidiolic Acid Rich Hemp Oil Use in Dogs With Lymphoma Undergoing CHOP Chemotherapy","authors":"Amandine Lejeune,&nbsp;Sandra Bechtel,&nbsp;Rowan Milner,&nbsp;Lana Fagman,&nbsp;Francisco A. Leal Yepes,&nbsp;Joseph J. Wakshlag","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70179","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The safety of oral cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA)-rich hemp oil supplementation in dogs with cancer receiving chemotherapy has not been investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and influence on doxorubicin exposure over time of oral CBD/CBDA-rich hemp oil supplementation in dogs diagnosed with high grade lymphoma undergoing CHOP chemotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Client-owned dogs diagnosed with lymphoma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dogs were enrolled in this prospective, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to receive either CBD/CBDA-rich hemp oil capsules or placebo during one cycle of CHOP chemotherapy. Primary outcomes evaluated included adverse events during chemotherapy, quality of life scores and doxorubicin area under the curve (AUC) over a 5-week period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-five dogs were enrolled, with 19 completing the trial. CBD/CBDA supplementation did not significantly affect doxorubicin AUC in the intervention group. The doxorubicin AUC was not different between groups at week 0 [placebo 390.8 nM/h (318.6–479.4); CBD/CBDA 403.4 nM/h (351.9–462.5)] but was different at week 5 [placebo 572.6 (448.3–731.2); CBD/CBDA 406.8 (3.23.2–551.8)]. CBD/CBDA supplementation was well-tolerated, and no serious adverse events were observed. No significant differences between groups were observed in hematological and biochemical variables. The mean (range) quality of life scores for placebo and CBD were 7.56 (0, 35), and 10.75 (0, 56), respectively, with no significant differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Short-term oral CBD/CBDA-rich hemp supplementation appeared safe and well-tolerated in dogs undergoing CHOP chemotherapy for lymphoma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70179","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Alterations Associated With Rapidly Progressive Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats","authors":"Laurens van Mulders,&nbsp;Ellen vanden Broecke,&nbsp;Femke Mortier,&nbsp;Ellen de Paepe,&nbsp;Lynn Vanhaecke,&nbsp;Sylvie Daminet","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70170","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats often remains stable over time, but some cats experience progressive kidney dysfunction without an identifiable cause.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identify differences in serum and urine compounds related to tryptophan metabolism and gut-derived uremic toxins between cohorts with non-progressive and rapidly progressive CKD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-two client-owned cats diagnosed with CKD were divided into a rapid progression group (<i>n</i> = 8) and a non-progressive control group (<i>n</i> = 34).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective cohort study with comparative analysis of predictors using targeted metabolomics. Rapid progression was defined as a 25% increase in serum creatinine concentration over 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum metabolite ratios of the serotonin pathway showed promising potential for predicting rapid CKD progression in cats: L-tryptophan/5-hydroxytryptophan (area under curve [AUC]: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.78–1; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01; sensitivity: 85.7%; specificity: 78.8%) and serotonin/5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (AUC: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.64–1; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01; sensitivity: 87.5%; specificity: 76.5%). Cats with rapidly progressive CKD had significantly lower baseline urinary indoxyl-sulfate (median [Interquartile range, IQR], 0.25 [0.07–0.46] vs. 0.53 [0.36–0.81]; <i>p</i> = 0.04) and p-cresyl-sulfate (median [IQR], 0.13 [0.01–0.79] vs. 0.83 [0.32–1.27]; <i>p</i> = 0.04). Logistic regression analysis identified an association between decreased urinary indoxyl-sulfate (odds ratio [OR]: 0.03; 95% CI: 0–1; <i>p</i> = 0.04) and rapidly progressive CKD, following a similar pattern after correcting for serum creatinine concentration (<i>p</i> = 0.06).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolites of the serotonin pathway: L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid may serve as potential candidates for further predictive validation in CKD progression in cats. Decreased uremic toxin excretion in rapidly progressive CKD may underlie disease progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70170","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of a Modified Transhepatic Rendezvous Technique for Stenting of Malignant Biliary Obstruction in 2 Cats","authors":"Robin Doherty,&nbsp;Allyson C. Berent,&nbsp;Chick Weisse","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70178","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We describe the successful treatment of biliary duct obstruction (BDO) secondary to biliary carcinoma involving the bile duct, cystic duct, and intrahepatic ducts in two adult domestic shorthair cats using a novel technique. Both cats presented with marked hyperbilirubinemia, increased liver enzyme activities, and ultrasonographic evidence of BDO secondary to neoplasia. One cat previously had undergone cholecystoduodenostomy, with recurrence of BDO. Both cats were treated using a transhepatic biliary rendezvous procedure, in which a hybrid interventional radiological approach was used to place a self-expanding metallic stent into the left intrahepatic duct, into the common bile or cystic duct, and into the duodenum, relieving the obstruction. In both cases, BDO resolved at time of last follow-up. This technique offers an alternative to traditional surgical or interventional options for biliary decompression, particularly in cases of diffuse malignant biliary obstruction where access to the common bile duct (CBD) is challenging.</p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}