Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Long-Term Response of Equids With Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction to Treatment With Pergolide","authors":"Harold C. Schott II,&nbsp;Julie R. Strachota,&nbsp;Judith V. Marteniuk,&nbsp;Kent R. Refsal","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Limited data document long-term responses of equids with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) to pergolide treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Report clinical response, medical problems, outcome, and owner satisfaction with pergolide treatment of PPID-affected equids over 14 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty client-owned equids with PPID.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After completion of an open field clinical efficacy study for Prascend® (pergolide tablets), 28 horses and two ponies were enrolled in an extended treatment study (13 receiving 2 μg/kg PO q24h and 17 receiving 4 μg/kg PO q24h). Clients were interviewed every 3 months and equids were re-evaluated after 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 9.5, 12.5, and 14.5 years of treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five equids died and 24 were euthanized (five for chronic laminitis) during the study period (median survival time, 3.6 years; range 0.6–10.5 years). Seven of 13 equids had a dosage increase to 4 μg/kg PO q24h (maximum study dose) between 1.7 to 4.7 years of the study. After 5.5 years, owners of 13 surviving equids reported sustained clinical improvement and endocrine test results normalized in 75%. After 9.5 years of treatment, only two of six surviving equids had normal endocrine test results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Long-term treatment of PPID-affected equids with pergolide produces clinical improvement in nearly all affected animals and normalization of endocrine test results in some cases. Furthermore, this extended treatment study determined that equids can respond favorably long-term to the initial pergolide dose, rather than needing a progressive increase in dose over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Study of Renal Health Screening in Apparently Healthy Aging Dogs","authors":"Sofie Marynissen,&nbsp;Sylvie Daminet,&nbsp;Evelyne Meyer,&nbsp;Kristel Demeyere,&nbsp;Emmelie Stock,&nbsp;Joris Delanghe,&nbsp;Luc Duchateau,&nbsp;Dominique Paepe","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70116","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Combined measurement of functional, glomerular, and tubular markers in aging dogs is essential to detect early renal disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective longitudinal study to describe renal function and assess which biomarkers are associated with the development of early renal disease or death.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and twenty-two apparently healthy senior and geriatric dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective longitudinal study. Renal function was evaluated at baseline (T0) and every 6-12 months over 2 years, using systolic blood pressure measurements (SBP) and validated serum (creatinine, symmetric dimethylarginine, cystatin C [sCysC]), and urinary (specific gravity [USG], protein:creatinine [UPC], albumin:creatinine, retinol-binding protein:creatinine [uRBPcr]) biomarkers. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured in a subgroup. Survival models were used to assess the predictive value of measured biomarkers at baseline for the onset of azotemic chronic kidney disease (CKD) or death, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 122 dogs were included; follow-up was available in 106 (T12) and 92 (T24); and GFR was estimated in 18 (T0), 11 (T12), and 10 (T24) dogs. Throughout the study, 15/122 (12%) dogs showed evidence of non-azotemic CKD, and in 11/106 (10%) dogs, azotemic CKD developed. Proteinuria was not associated with azotemic CKD, in contrast to muscle condition score, functional markers, and uRBPcr. Death was weakly associated with USG, UPC, and sCysC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over a 2-year period, 20% (26/122) of older dogs developed CKD, mostly persistent renal proteinuria (15/122). Muscle wasting and functional markers combined with uRBPcr had the best predictive value for the onset of azotemic CKD in these older, previously apparently healthy dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Features That Increase Suspicion of Brucella canis Infection in Dogs With Discospondylitis: A Multicenter Case–Control Study","authors":"Courtney M. Moeller,&nbsp;Joseph W. Bartges,&nbsp;Kelsey D. Brust,&nbsp;Philip H. Kass,&nbsp;Rebecca F. Kelly,&nbsp;Erin W. Lashnits,&nbsp;Chai-Fei Li,&nbsp;Lindsay K. Merkel,&nbsp;Jessica C. Pritchard,&nbsp;Jane E. Sykes","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Brucella canis</i> is an important cause of discospondylitis in dogs, and brucellosis can be challenging to diagnose. Early recognition could aid in early implementation of precautions to limit zoonotic transmission.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine whether specific clinical features exist that differentiate <i>Brucella canis</i> infection from other causes of discospondylitis in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifteen dogs with <i>Brucella canis</i> discospondylitis (cases) and 25 dogs with non<i>-Brucella</i> discospondylitis (controls) evaluated between 2010 and 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multi-institutional retrospective case–control study. Clinical features in cases were compared to those in temporally matched controls using conditional logistic regression analysis. Neurologic examination findings and radiographic findings were documented by a board-certified neurologist and radiologist who were masked to group identity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No case had a history of being bred or kennel housing. Cases were younger (median, 2.6 years) than controls (median, 5.7 years) (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66–1.00). There were no differences in sex or breed. Compared to controls, cases had a lower odds of neurologic deficits (odds ratio [OR] = 0.03; 95% CI 0.00–0.85), higher odds of C2-C5 involvement (OR = 13.0; 95% CI 1.6–106.7), and higher odds of multiple disc site involvement (OR = 12.0, 95% CI 1.5–95.8). They had a lower odds of neutrophilia (OR = 0.11, 95% CI 0.01–0.92), a higher median hematocrit (50.6% versus 43.7%; OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.09–2.03), and a higher median lymphocyte count (1.8 × 1000/μL vs. 1.1 × 1000/μL; OR = 2.39, 95% CI 1.05–5.45). There was no difference in the radiographic appearance of lesions between groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Brucella canis</i> infection should still be considered in cases of discospondylitis regardless of neuter status, sex, and breeding history. Clinical features exist that should increase suspicion for brucellosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Manuscript Reviewers Who Critiqued in the 2024 Calendar Year","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70108","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The Editorial Board thanks the following individuals for their time and effort spent in reviewing and critiquing manuscripts during the 2024 calendar year.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Acierno, Mark—Arizona, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adams, Larry—Indiana, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adams, Paige—Oklahoma, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adin, Christopher—Florida, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adin, Darcy—Florida, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adkins, Pamela—Missouri, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Afonso, Tiago—Saskatchewan, Canada&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aitee, Genna—Texas, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aleman, Monica—California, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Allen, Justin—California, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Allenspach, Karin—Georgia, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Allerton, Fergus—England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Almeida, Breno—São Paulo, Brazil&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Alves, Lisa—United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aly, Sharif—California, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ammersbach, Melanie—California, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Amorim, Irina—Portugal&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Antonio, Bautista—Mexico&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Apley, Michael—Kansas, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Appleman, Elizabeth—New York, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Arendt, Maja—Denmark&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Armengou, Lara—Barcelona, Spain&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Arnold, Susan—Minnesota, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Arostegui, Luis—Spain&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Arroyo, Luis—Ontario, Canada&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Asplin, John—Illinois, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Attipa, Charalampos—Merseyside, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Avery, Anne—Colorado, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Backus, Robert—Missouri, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Baka, Rania—Greece&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Balkman, Cheryl—New York, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bamford, Nicholas—Victoria, Australia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bannister, Sidney—Florida, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Banse, Heidi—Arkansas, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Baral, Randolph—New South Wales, Australia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barbosa da Costa, Guilherme—São Paulo, Brazil&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barge, Pablo—Switzerland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barker, Lucy—United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barko, Patrick—Illinois, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barnoon, Itai—United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Baron Toaldo, Marco—Switzerland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barr, Bonnie—Kentucky, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barrett, Kirstie—California, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barron, Lara—Hertfordshire, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barrs, Vanessa—SAR China, Hong Kong&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Basili, Mattia—Cheshire, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bauquier, Jennifer—Victoria, Australia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bayton, William—United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Beccati, Francesca—United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Beijerink, Niek—Netherlands&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Benchekroun, Ghita—Île-de-France, France&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bennett, Peter—New South Wales, Australia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Berent, Allyson—New York, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Berghaus, Londa—Georgia, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Berghoff, Nora—Michigan, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Berman, Julie—Quebec, Canada&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bernier Gosselin, Véronique—Switzerland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Berryhill, Emily—California, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bertin, Francois-Rene—Indiana, United States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bertram, Simon—United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bexfi","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Firocoxib Use in Horses","authors":"Iuri Buzelato Carli,&nbsp;Langdon Fielding","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70117","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many horses receive firocoxib over multiple years, and studies evaluating hematologic and biochemical values in these animals are lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the hematologic and biochemical values of horses receiving long-term firocoxib.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 79 horses receiving long-term firocoxib and 153 horses not receiving long-term firocoxib and not presenting for a specific medical problem.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective study comparing horses receiving firocoxib (F group) and no firocoxib (NF group). Signalment, hematologic, and biochemical values were compared between the two groups. Simple linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between the duration of firocoxib administration and specific laboratory variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Horses receiving long-term firocoxib (F) were 19 (5–33) years as compared to 15 (1–33) years for the NF group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). The most common reason for receiving firocoxib was osteoarthritis in 44/79 (56%) of the animals in the F group. Horses in the F group had a total protein concentration of 6.6 (5.8–8.0) g/dL as compared to 6.5 (5.1–8) g/dL in the NF group (<i>p</i> = 0.03). The sodium concentration for F horses was 139 (133–143) mmol/L as compared to 138 (129–145) mmol/L for NF horses (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Total white blood cell count was 6.11 (2.82–14.36) 10³ cells/uL in the F group as compared to 6.46 (3.04–14.71) 10³ cells/uL in the NF group (<i>p</i> = 0.03). None of the laboratory variables were associated with the duration of firocoxib administration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many horses receive firocoxib for multiple years, and equine practitioners should be aware that expected changes in laboratory values are minimal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementation of Vitamin K1 in Dogs With Chronic Enteropathy","authors":"Jillian Myers Smith,&nbsp;Christopher Keenan Smith,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Zhu,&nbsp;Ashley Hartley,&nbsp;Elizabeth M. Lennon","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70111","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Information regarding measurement and supplementation of vitamin K1 (vitK1) in dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE) is limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compare vitK1 concentrations of healthy dogs to dogs with CE and determine if supplementation with vitK1 increases vitK1 concentrations compared to placebo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty client-owned dogs with CE and 20 healthy university-owned research colony dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Dogs with CE were randomly assigned to receive placebo or vitk1 2.5 mg/kg PO q12h for 3 weeks. Vitamin K concentrations were measured pre- and post supplementation using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and compared to vitK1 concentrations in the healthy cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All healthy dogs had initial vitK1 median concentrations of 0.10 ng/mL (interquartile range [IQR], 0.05), which was similar to dogs that received either placebo (<i>n</i> = 5; 0.10 ng/mL; IQR, 0.05) or vitK1 (<i>n</i> = 7; 0.10 ng/mL; IQR, 0.05) before supplementation. Dogs with CE receiving vitK1 had increased vitK1 concentrations (12.5 ng/mL; IQR, 4.1) after 3 weeks of supplementation compared with baseline (0.10 ng/mL; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), placebo group after 3 weeks (0.10 ng/mL; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and healthy dogs (0.10 ng/mL; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.004).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral supplementation with vitK1 increased vitK1 concentration in the serum of dogs with CE, but a clinical benefit from increased vitK1 concentrations was not identified. The absence of difference in vitK1 concentrations between healthy and CE dogs before supplementation requires additional investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Evaluation of Neuter Status, Sex, and Breed in Dogs With Cystine Uroliths","authors":"Jody P. Lulich,&nbsp;Rachael Ulrich,&nbsp;Eva Furrow","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70110","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The majority of cystine uroliths occur in intact male dogs. Androgen-dependent (Type III) cystinuria is considered the most common cause.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identify dog breeds in which castration is likely to decrease the risk of cystine uroliths, the potential effect of delaying castration on cystine urolith formation, and urolith recurrence frequency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Records of 5477 dogs with cystine uroliths and comparison groups without cystine uroliths (263 938 dogs with non-cystine uroliths and 44 491 dogs from a hospital population).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this case-control study, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to identify breeds where the proportion of intact males with cystine uroliths was higher than that of intact males without cystine uroliths.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proportions of intact males forming cystine uroliths before 12, 24, and 36 months of age were calculated. Cystine urolith recurrence rates were assessed by breed in male dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dogs with cystine uroliths were 99% male. Across 60 breeds, the median proportion of male cystine urolith formers that were intact was 98% (range, 40%–100%). When compared with dogs without cystine uroliths, intact males were overrepresented in cystine urolith formers in all breeds except 8 (Akita, Belgian Malinois, Brussels Griffon, Cane Corso, Coonhound, Newfoundland, Scottish Terrier, and Silky Terrier). Diagnosis occurred before 36 months of age in 28% (<i>n</i> = 1328) of intact male cystine urolith formers. Cystine uroliths recurred in 5.0% (<i>n</i> = 255) of males; 81% (<i>n</i> = 207) were intact males.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Androgens likely play a role in the development of cystine uroliths across many dog breeds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycobacterium fortuitum Infection Associated With Septic Arthritis and Mycobacteremia in a Dog From Northern California","authors":"Tianjiao Li,&nbsp;Flavio H. Alonso,&nbsp;Amy Rhoades,&nbsp;Alina Kelman,&nbsp;Verena Affolter,&nbsp;Jane E. Sykes","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Mycobacterium fortuitum</i> mycobacteremia and arthritis were diagnosed in a Briard dog from northern California. The dog was evaluated for lameness and had a history of immunosuppressive treatment and splenectomy for refractory immune thrombocytopenia. Cytological examination of synovial fluid from the right tarsus indicated marked suppurative inflammation with intralesional acid-fast bacteria. <i>Mycobacterium fortuitum</i> was cultured from joint fluid and blood; identification was based on PCR sequencing. Diagnosis was complicated by initial misidentification of the organism as an <i>Actinomyces</i> species. The dog was successfully treated with clarithromycin and enrofloxacin. The dog was later treated for a Grade III mast cell tumor of the thoracic limb with radiation therapy and chemotherapy and then died 2 years after the diagnosis of mycobacteremia because of extradural hemangiosarcoma of the spine.</p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Series of Canine Myasthenia Gravis: A Classification Approach With Consideration of Seronegative Dogs","authors":"Rui Xavier Dos Santos,&nbsp;Jan Waelkens,&nbsp;Abbe H. Crawford,&nbsp;Sam Khan,&nbsp;Sara Sami,&nbsp;Sergio A. Gomes,&nbsp;Anouk Van Ham,&nbsp;Iris Van Soens,&nbsp;Ine Cornelis,&nbsp;Jake Canning,&nbsp;Joe Fenn,&nbsp;Patrick Waters,&nbsp;Sofie F. M. Bhatti,&nbsp;An E. Vanhaesebrouck","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is categorized into several subgroups, including seronegative MG. Seronegative human patients are well documented, but seronegative dogs remain clinically uncharacterized and their prevalence unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to evaluate the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of canine MG subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred sixty-seven owner-owned dogs diagnosed with MG from three referral centers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective case series. We classified myasthenic dogs into subgroups, adhering to human guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We classified 167 dogs into four subgroups: acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody-positive generalized (49.7%, <i>n</i> = 83/167), focal (19.2%, <i>n</i> = 32/167) and thymoma-associated MG (9%, <i>n</i> = 15/167) and seronegative MG (22.2%, <i>n</i> = 37/167). Dogs with thymoma-associated MG were older (median 102 months; Interquartile Range (IQR) 96–120; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and seronegative dogs were younger (median 30 months; IQR 11.5–66; <i>p</i> = 0.017), compared to the generalized subgroup (median 67 months; IQR 36–96). Seronegative dogs presented less frequently with megaesophagus, compared to the generalized subgroup (63.8% vs. 85.7%; Odds Ratio 3.4; 95% confidence intervals (C.I.) 1.4–8.9; <i>p</i> = 0.025). Myasthenic dogs' survival time was significantly reduced when thymoma (Hazard Ratio (H.R.) 3.7; 95% C.I. 1.4–9.9; <i>p</i> = 0.028) or esophageal weakness (H.R. 3.8; 95% C.I. 2.0–7.0; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) was present. Conversely, a higher likelihood of remission was achieved when esophageal weakness was absent (H.R. 3.8; 95% C.I. 1.4–10.0; <i>p</i> = 0.007).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dogs with seronegative MG are more common than previously reported. Myasthenic subgroups differ in presentation and outcome, with esophageal weakness key to survival and remission. Diagnostic tests for seronegative dogs and effective treatments for esophageal weakness in myasthenic dogs are urgently needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jugular Foramen Syndrome: Concurrent Neurological Deficits, Advanced Imaging Findings, Underlying Diagnoses, and Outcomes in 14 Dogs (2016–2024)","authors":"Megan Madden,&nbsp;Theofanis Liatis,&nbsp;Cesar Llanos,&nbsp;Sumari Dancer,&nbsp;Patricia Alvarez,&nbsp;Sarah Tayler,&nbsp;Alexandros Hardas,&nbsp;Steven De Decker","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Jugular foramen syndrome (JFS), dysfunction of cranial nerves (CNs) IX, X, and XI caused by lesions involving the jugular foramen (JF), is rarely reported in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Describe presenting complaints, neurologic findings, advanced imaging findings, underlying diagnoses, and outcomes in dogs with JFS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fourteen client-owned dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective, multicenter study of dogs diagnosed with JFS using advanced imaging between 2016 and 2024.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Affected dogs were older (median age, 9.9 years; range, 7.9–14.5 years) and presented with chronic progressive clinical signs (median duration, 135 days; range, 5–720 days). Common presenting complaints included coughing (7/14), retching (6/14), head tilt (5/14), and laryngeal stridor (4/14). Neurologic abnormalities were noted in 11/14 dogs, with CN deficits (10/11), including unilateral laryngeal paralysis (5/10) and tongue atrophy (4/10), being the most common finding. Additional signs included head tilt (7/11) and postural reaction deficits (5/11). Intracranial lesions were identified in 10/14 dogs, with meningioma being the most frequent radiologic or histopathologic diagnosis. In dogs with extracranial lesions (4/14), thyroid carcinoma was common. Median survival time was 218 days (range, 16–477 days).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neoplastic or suspected neoplastic causes of JFS are common and lesions often extend beyond the JF by the time of diagnosis. As such, neurologic deficits in dogs with JFS often reflect involvement of multiple CNs, not limited to CNs IX, X, and XI. Advanced imaging of the head should be considered in dogs with clinical signs consistent with JFS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}