Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Iron Deficiency on Short-Term Response to Treatment in Cats With Chronic Enteropathies","authors":"Maria C. Jugan,&nbsp;Cathy Langston,&nbsp;Brandon L. Plattner,&nbsp;Alexandra K. Ford","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70131","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Iron deficiency in humans with chronic inflammatory enteropathies (CIE) is associated with active disease and anemia-related morbidity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare iron deficiency prevalence in cats with CIE versus low-grade alimentary lymphoma (LGAL) and secondarily, determine the effect of iron deficiency on short-term clinical response in CIE cats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-eight client-owned cats with primary gastrointestinal disease, including 14 CIE cats and 14 LGAL cats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective study. Cats were enrolled when they presented for gastrointestinal endoscopy. Iron panel (serum iron, ferritin, total iron binding capacity), CBC, cobalamin, serum amyloid A, methylmalonic acid, and clinical disease severity were evaluated. Cats were categorized as “normal” or “iron deficient” using calculated transferrin saturation. CIE cats were reevaluated 14, 30, and 90 days after initiation of non-standardized gastrointestinal disease treatment. Clinical response was compared based on iron and anemia status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Iron deficiency was diagnosed in 7/28 cats (2/14 CIE, 5/14 LGAL cats) at enrollment and developed in four additional CIE cats during follow-up. While 9/28 cats were anemic at enrollment, neither anemia (relative risk [RR], 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13–5.50) nor iron status (RR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.10–1.5) was associated with treatment response. Transferrin saturation was lower in LGAL cats (22%; 95% CI, 20%–27%) than in CIE cats (30%; 95% CI, 26%–39%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was high prevalence of iron deficiency over the first 90 days of treatment in CIE cats. Iron deficiency did not affect short-term response to individualized treatment of gastrointestinal disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Fenofibrate on Markers of Gut Barrier Function in Dogs With Naturally Occurring Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Allison L. O'Kell,&nbsp;Jocelyn Mott,&nbsp;Lauren Porter,&nbsp;Chiquitha D. Crews,&nbsp;Yu-An Wu,&nbsp;Rosemary Walzem,&nbsp;Joerg M. Steiner,&nbsp;Chen Gilor","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fenofibrate improves gut barrier function and reduces serum lipids in purpose-bred dogs with induced diabetes mellitus (DM), but its effects in dogs with naturally occurring DM are unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determine the effects of fenofibrate on markers of systemic and pancreatic inflammation, markers of gut barrier function, lipoprotein profiles, and glycemic control in dogs with naturally occurring DM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixteen client-owned dogs with naturally occurring, uncomplicated DM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Longitudinal cohort study. Dogs were treated with fenofibrate (Tricor, 6–10 mg/kg, P.O., once daily) for 21 days. Interstitial glucose, serum cytokines, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), pancreatic lipase, and lipid profiles were compared between baseline and day 21 using paired <i>t</i>-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fenofibrate had no effect on glycemic control, serum cytokines, or serum pancreatic lipase. Compared to baseline, the concentrations of serum LPS decreased at day 21 by (mean ± SD) 15 ± 24% (95% CI 2–28%, <i>p</i> = 0.03), serum triglycerides decreased by 36 ± 39% (95% CI 15–56%, <i>p</i> = 0.002), and serum cholesterol decreased by 20 ± 14% (95% CI 12–28%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fenofibrate treatment was not associated with a decrease in markers of systemic or pancreatic inflammation. In diabetic dogs, short-term fenofibrate treatment appears to be safe, and the improvement in gut barrier function and lipid profiles might lead to long-term benefits, such as reduction in pancreatitis risk and frequency of signs of gastrointestinal disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Evolution of Neurological Signs and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features in Dogs With Brain Tumors Receiving Treatment With Corticosteroids and Anticonvulsants","authors":"John H. Rossmeisl,&nbsp;Josefa K. Garcia-Mora","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Corticosteroids (CS) are a common treatment prescribed for dogs with brain tumors, but little data characterizing the clinical and neuroradiologic effects of CS treatment exist.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypotheses</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Decreases in peritumoral brain edema (PBE) would be observed in dogs with brain tumors treated with CS and anticonvulsants, and decreases in edema would be accompanied by clinical improvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty dogs with gliomas and 22 with meningiomas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective case series. Dogs with brain tumors receiving treatments with CS and anticonvulsants underwent pre- and posttreatment clinical and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations within a 3-week follow-up period, and peritumoral edema and tumor volumes were calculated from each MRI study. Dogs were characterized as clinical responders or nonresponders independent of imaging results based on longitudinal changes in clinical findings and owner-reported quality of life (QOL). Clinicopathologic and MRI variables were compared pre- and posttreatment by clinical response.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At follow-up, 23/50 (46%) of dogs with glioma and 15/22 (68%) with meningioma were classified as clinical responders, and 23/50 (46%) of gliomas and 14/22 (64%) of meningiomas had decreases in edema volume. Responders had significantly larger decreases in edema and mass effect than nonresponders. Decreases in tumor volumes occurred in approximately 25% of gliomas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peritumoral brain edema was decreased in 50%–60% of gliomas and meningiomas in dogs at follow-up, and amelioration of edema often was accompanied by improved neurological signs and QOL. Corticosteroids may also clinically benefit dogs without PBE and can influence MRI surrogates used to determine glioma therapeutic responses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Urine Ammonia Excretion With Renal Function in Healthy Cats and Cats With Kidney Disease","authors":"Eleanor E. Brown,&nbsp;Kirsten L. Cooke,&nbsp;Rebeca A. Castro,&nbsp;Alexis Cooper,&nbsp;Andrew J. Specht,&nbsp;Autumn N. Harris","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inadequate ammonia excretion is thought to drive the development of metabolic acidosis in people with CKD and to correlate with worse outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine if urine ammonia-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) correlates with serum creatinine as a renal function marker in healthy cats and cats with CKD and whether UACR is related to the presence of CKD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study group comprised 74 healthy and 45 stable IRIS stage 2–4 CKD cats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective, single-time point study. Serum biochemistry variables were measured. Urinary ammonia and creatinine concentrations were measured and used to calculate UACR. Group comparisons were made using the Mann–Whitney test. Correlation between UACR concentrations and serum renal and electrolyte values used Spearman's correlation test. Relationships between UACR, renal variables, electrolytes, urine specific gravity, age, and body weight were explored with multiple linear regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic kidney disease cats (median 4.2; range 0.6–9.2) had lower UACR than healthy cats (median 7.6; range 3.0–23.7; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). UACR was inversely correlated with creatinine concentration (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01, <i>r</i>_s = −0.545). The relationship between UACR and creatinine persisted after controlling for age, body weight, electrolytes, renal functional variables, and urine-specific gravity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that ammonia excretion is impaired with declining renal function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Multimodal Treatment of a Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor Originating From the Thoracic Cavity in a Dog”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<p>L. H. Ackerman, M. Toonder, S. Bosch, V. B. Semenova, T. P. Spicer, O. Alas, L. S. Thorsen, A. G. Menoyo, V. B. Stevenson, J. R. Gutti, P. V. Saavedra, R. Nance, B. Sahay, G. P. Hery, A. M. Chan, M. E. Salute, N. Bensilmane, V. F. Vega, and R. J. Milner, “Multimodal Treatment of a Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor Originating From the Thoracic Cavity in a Dog,” <i>Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine</i> 39, no. 2 (2025): e70050. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70050.</p><p>In the above mentioned article, the name Bakash Sahay has been corrected to Bikash Sahay, and Nesrine Bensilmane has been corrected to Nesrine Benslimane.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty Acid Analysis and Stability of Selected Edible Oils Used in Homemade Pet Diets","authors":"Jennifer A. Larsen,&nbsp;Jonathan Stockman,&nbsp;Xueqi Li,&nbsp;Selina C. Wang","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Edible oils often are included in recipes for home-prepared pet diets to supply essential fatty acids, but there may be discrepancies between database values and oil profiles. Furthermore, storage time and conditions influence quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determine the fatty acid profiles of commonly used oils and characterize fatty acid oxidation under recommended storage conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Samples</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fourteen products were purchased and stored according to label instructions, representing 2 brands each of walnut, corn, canola, and flaxseed oils, and 3 each of safflower and sunflower oils.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Samples were collected at baseline and at 6 and 12 months and stored at −80°C until analysis. Aliquots were analyzed for fatty acid profile at baseline and 12 months, and at all 3 timepoints for free fatty acidity, peroxide value, and induction time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Linoleic acid concentrations exceeded the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) values except for 2/3 sunflower and 1/3 safflower oil samples. Peroxide value was static for 3/14 products and significantly increased at 6 or 12 months for 11/14 products. Induction time was static for 2/14 products and significantly decreased at 6 or 12 months for 12/14 products.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sunflower and safflower oils are not reliable sources of linoleic acid. Cold storage appeared to better maintain oil quality. Oils for home-prepared pet foods should be carefully selected to ensure nutritional adequacy and refrigerated to maintain quality, especially those high in polyunsaturated fatty acids, high omega-6:omega-3 ratios, or both.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of Subclinical Hypocalcemia in Holsteins Fed an Anionic Diet and Treated With Two Calcium Boluses at the Time of Calving","authors":"Kemal Aksoy,&nbsp;Abdülkerim Deniz,&nbsp;Mert Metin,&nbsp;Mahmut Insel,&nbsp;Aytaç Pekmezci","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The incidence of subclinical hypocalcemia (iSCH) based on blood ionized calcium (iCa &lt; 1.00 mmol/L) has not been investigated in Holsteins fed an anionic diet (AD) and non-AD prepartum and treated or not treated with calcium bolus (CB) around the time of calving.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anionic diets supported with CB at 12 h after calving should increase iCa and reduce iSCH better than AD + non-CB and non-AD + CB.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred Holsteins were allocated to 4 groups: Group 1 (AD + CB), group 2 (AD + non-CB), group 3 (non-AD + CB) and group 4 (non-AD and non-CB).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The animals were randomly selected according to calving order. The iCa and iSCH were analyzed at calving before CB application on postpartum days (PPD) 1, 3, and 10. Urine pH was analyzed at calving and PPD1.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Urine pH (6.43 ± 0.26), iCa (0.90 ± 0.16 mmol/L) and iSCH (50%) were significantly different in the combined AD groups compared to the non-AD groups at calving. Multiparous cows in combined AD groups had higher iCa and lower iSCH at calving. Group 1 had a higher iCa than groups 3 and 4. Group 2 had a higher iCa than Group 4 at PPD3. The iSCH of group 1 at PPD3 and 10 was lower than that of other groups. The iSCH decreased from 50% (PPD1) to 17% (PPD3) and 4% (PPD10) in group 1. Group 4 showed milk fever of 12%, 4%, and 4% at PPD1, 3, and 9, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Group 1 was the most appropriate protocol to increase iCa, reduce iSCH, and prevent milk fever.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Glutaraldehyde Test as a Prognostic Indicator for Short- and Long-Term Mortality in Hospitalized Adult Cattle With and Without Sepsis","authors":"Alexandra Eckert,&nbsp;Christian Gerspach,&nbsp;Lisa Gamsjäger","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The glutaraldehyde test (GT) is used as a point-of-care test to detect inflammatory disease in cattle.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Describe the relationship between GT and fibrinogen as well as GT and total protein (TP) and determine the ability of the GT to predict death in cattle with and without sepsis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 367 hospitalized, adult cattle.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical and laboratory findings, diagnoses, treatments, and outcome were recorded. Spearman correlation was used to assess the relationship of the GT with fibrinogen and GT with TP in septic and non-septic cattle. Likelihood ratios (LHRs) were calculated, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to identify the most appropriate threshold predictive of death. Logistic regression models were used to assess the predictive ability of the GT at this threshold.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The negative correlation between GT and fibrinogen was stronger in non-septic cattle (rho = −0.7; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) compared with septic cattle (rho = −0.59; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Similarly, GT and TP showed stronger correlation in non-septic (rho = −0.52) than in septic cattle (rho = −0.34; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, respectively). Non-septic cattle with a GT of ≤ 3 min were 2.7 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.79–4.02) more likely to die during hospitalization than cattle with a GT &gt; 3 min. No significant associations were identified between GT results and death in septic cattle.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The GT can be recommended as a valuable tool for predicting death in non-septic cattle but should not be used in acutely septic cattle.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Plasma and Hetastarch Administration on Colloid Oncotic Pressure and Coagulation Variables in Dairy Calves and Goats","authors":"Sarah Woods Cuneo,&nbsp;Bailey A. Abi-Nader,&nbsp;Sarah J. Blasczynski,&nbsp;Munashe Chigerwe","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transfusion with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or hetastarch 6% (HES) is an option for managing decreased colloid oncotic pressure (COP) associated with hypoproteinemia. The effectiveness of HES compared to plasma has not been reported in calves and goats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hetastarch increases COP to levels similar to FFP. There will be no significant adverse clinicopathological changes after administration of HES.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seven healthy preweaned calves and 7 juvenile goats from university herds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cohort, clinical trial in a two-way crossover design. Hetastarch and FFP were administered intravenously at 10 and 20 mL/kg, respectively, once. Plasma COP was measured re-transfusion, at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, 72 h, and 7 days after each transfusion. Coagulation variables were analyzed pre-transfusion, at 0, 24, and 72 h after transfusion. The effects of treatment and time on COP and coagulation variables were determined by multivariate analysis of variance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transfusion with FFP and HES increased the COP in calves and goats, with FFP increasing the COP to a greater magnitude in calves (least square mean difference of 1.6 vs. 1 mmHg; <i>p</i> = 0.03) but not in goats (least square mean difference of 3.0 vs. 3.0 mmHg; <i>p</i> = 0.99). There were no significant changes (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) in coagulation variables detected after transfusion with FFP or HES.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hetastarch is an alternative colloid to FFP in calves and goats. Adverse changes were not observed in goats and calves after HES administration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polypoid Cystitis: A Retrospective Case-Series of 112 Dogs","authors":"Matthew P. Price,&nbsp;Rachael Thomas,&nbsp;Mathew Breen,&nbsp;Allison R. Kendall,&nbsp;Shelly L. Vaden","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polypoid cystitis (PoC) in dogs is associated with chronic inflammatory bladder conditions and is discovered during evaluation for signs of lower urinary tract disease, or incidentally.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe PoC in dogs evaluated in an academic practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dogs with confirmed (<i>n</i> = 59) or presumptive (<i>n</i> = 53) PoC were evaluated between January 2004 and October 2020.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For this retrospective study, medical records were searched for PoC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The most common presenting signs of 112 dogs with PoC were hematuria (<i>n</i> = 42; 38%), stranguria (<i>n</i> = 28; 25%), and pollakiuria (<i>n</i> = 25; 22%). Polyps were found incidentally (<i>n</i> = 13; 12%). Urinary tract infection (UTI; <i>n</i> = 61; 54%) or urolithiasis (<i>n</i> = 38; 34%) was a common presumptive cause. <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>n</i> = 39; 53%), <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (<i>n</i> = 14; 19%) and <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> (<i>n</i> = 5; 7%) were isolated from dogs with UTI. Ultrasonographic findings (<i>n</i> = 101) included polypoid structures (<i>n</i> = 44; 44%), broad-based masses (<i>n</i> = 16; 26%), and bladder wall thickening (<i>n</i> = 25; 25%); mostly in the cranioventral bladder apex (<i>n</i> = 56; 80%). Of 41 specimens tested, none had evidence of the BRAF V595E mutation. Urinary tract neoplasia was not reported in any dog during follow-up (range 1 month–8.4 years; median 8 months). Interventions included antibiotic or anti-inflammatory administration, and surgical or cystoscopic ablation. During follow-up, recurrent signs of lower urinary tract disease were reported in 23 (20%) dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>History of either UTI or urolithiasis, compatible imaging findings, and absence of detectable BRAF V595E mutation support the presumptive diagnosis of PoC in dogs. Affected dogs have a good prognosis, warranting differentiation from other urinary tract diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}